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Clinical Case Studies in Long-Term Care Psychiatry Delirium
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 31 October 2024
Delirium as a complex neuropsychiatric syndrome characterized by disturbances in attention, awareness, and cognition that are not explained by a pre-existing neurocognitive disorder. The causes of delirium are varied. The most common causes of delirium in the long-term care setting are likely urinary tract infections, untreated pain, and medication side effects. The initial steps recommended in managing delirium involve identifying and addressing underlying medical conditions, reducing environmental triggers, and minimizing exposure to drugs. Besides treatment of the cause, management of delirium primarily involves psychosocial interventions. These can include environmental modifications such as addressing poor lighting, excessive noise, or lack of orientation cues.
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