Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-lj6df Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-11T10:07:11.508Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

24 - Political Parties

From Reflection to Articulation and Beyond

from IV - Civil Society: The Roots and Processes of Political Action

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 February 2020

Thomas Janoski
Affiliation:
University of Kentucky
Cedric de Leon
Affiliation:
University of Massachusetts, Amherst
Joya Misra
Affiliation:
University of Massachusetts, Amherst
Isaac William Martin
Affiliation:
University of California, San Diego
Get access

Summary

Political articulation is a new approach, albeit with classical roots, that seeks to bring the study of political parties back into sociology. It is a theory of how the components of the social are stitched together, centering on the role of political parties in the formation of social identities and interests. Though Max Weber, Robert Michels, Paul Lazarsfeld, and Seymour Martin Lipset produced the foundational texts in the field, sociologists from the late 1960s onward ceded party politics to political scientists. To the degree that sociologists studied institutional politics at all, they tended to follow the lead of Lazarsfeld and Lipset, who held that social “cleavages” – or divisions within the electorate such as class, race, and religion – determined the content of party politics (Lazarsfeld, Berelson, and Gaudet 1948 [1944]; Lipset 1960; Lipset and Rokkan 1967).

Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2020

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ackerman, Edwin. 2017. “Mass Party Formation and Incorporation: Land, Civil Society, and Party in Post-Revolutionary Mexico.” Prepared for the Development and Governance Seminar at the Watson Institute for International and Public Affairs, Brown University, Providence, RI. February 15.Google Scholar
Aldrich, John H. 1995. Why Parties?: The Origin and Transformation of Political Parties in America. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aldrich, John H. 2011. Why Parties?: A Second Look. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Althusser, Louis. 1971. “Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses: Notes Towards an Investigation” pp. 127186 in Lenin and Philosophy and Other Essays. London: Monthly Review Press.Google Scholar
Bawn, Kathleen, Cohen, Martin, Karol, David, Masket, Seth, Noel, Hans, and Zaller, John. 2012. “A Theory of Political Parties: Groups, Policy Demands and Nominations in American Politics.” Perspectives on Politics 10(3): 571597.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berezin, Mabel. 2009. Illiberal Politics in Neoliberal Times: Culture, Security and Populism in the New Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Bivens, Josh, Gould, Elise, Mishel, Lawrence, and Shierholz, Heidi. 2014. “Raising America’s Pay: Why It’s Our Central Economic Policy Challenge.” Economic Policy Institute. Retrieved June 13, 2017. https://bit.ly/1nOLE4mGoogle Scholar
Carter, Dan. 1996. From George Wallace to Newt Gingrich: Race in the Conservative Counterrevolution, 1963–1994. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press.Google Scholar
Cohen, Marty, Karol, David, Noel, Hans, and Zaller, John. 2008. The Party Decides: Presidential Nominations Before and After Reform. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dalton, Russell J. and Wattenberg, Martin P. (eds.). 2009 [2000]. Parties Without Partisans: Political Change in Advanced Industrial Democracies. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
de Leon, Cedric. 2014. Party and Society: Reconstructing a Sociology of Democratic Party Politics. Cambridge: Polity.Google Scholar
de Leon, Cedric, Desai, Manali, and Tuğal, Cihan. 2009. “Political Articulation: Parties and the Constitution of Cleavages in the United States, India, and Turkey.” Sociological Theory 27(3): 193219.Google Scholar
de Leon, Cedric, Desai, Manali, and Tuğal, Cihan. 2015. Building Blocs: How Parties Organize Society. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
de Leon, Cedric, Desai, Manali, and Tuğal, Cihan. (eds.). 2015. Building Blocs: How Parties Organize Society. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Downs, Anthony. 1957. An Economic Theory of Democracy. New York: Harper & Row.Google Scholar
Eidlin, Barry. 2016. “Why Is There no Labor Party in the United States? Political Articulation and the Canadian Comparison, 1932 to 1948.” American Sociological Review 81(3): 488516.Google Scholar
Eidlin, Barry. 2018. Labor and the Class Idea in the United States and Canada. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ellis, Faron. 2005. The Limits of Participation: Members and Leaders in Canada’s Reform Party. Calgary: University of Calgary Press.Google Scholar
Ertman, Thomas. 1997. Birth of the Leviathan: Building States and Regimes in Medieval and Early Modern Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Evans, Peter. 1995. Embedded Autonomy: States and Industrial Transformation. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Evans, Peter, Rueschemeyer, Dietrich, and Skocpol, Theda (eds.). 1985. Bringing the State Back In. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Finegold, Kenneth and Skocpol, Theda. 1995. State and Party in America’s New Deal. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.Google Scholar
Gerteis, Joseph. 2007. Class and the Color Line: Interracial Class Coalition in the Knights of Labor and the Populist Movement. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Global Terrorism Database. 2017. “Search the Database.” Retrieved June 9, 2017. www.start.umd.edu/gtd/Google Scholar
Gramsci, Antonio. 1921. “Parties and Masses.” L’Ordine Nuovo, September 25, translated by Mark Camilleri. Retrieved March 21, 2011. https://bit.ly/2MztxlUGoogle Scholar
Gramsci, Antonio. 1971. Selections from the Prison Notebooks. Edited and translated by Hoare, Quintin and Smith, Geoffrey Nowell. New York: International Publishers.Google Scholar
Hertel-Fernandez, Alexander. 2016. “American Employers as Political Machines.” Journal of Politics 79(1): 105117.Google Scholar
Hertel-Fernandez, Alexander. 2018. Politics at Work: How Companies Turn Their Employees Into Lobbyists. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Hertel-Fernandez, Alexander. 2019. State Capture: How Conservative Activists, Big Businesses, and Wealthy Donors Reshaped the American States – and the Nation. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Hochschild, Arlie. 2016. Strangers in Their Own Land: Anger and Mourning on the American Right. New York: New Press.Google Scholar
Ignazi, Piero. 1992. “The Silent Counter-revolution: Hypotheses on the Emergence of Extreme Right-Wing parties in Europe.” European Journal of Political Research 22(1): 334.Google Scholar
Inglehart, Ronald. 1977. The Silent Revolution: Changing Values and Political Styles among Western Publics. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Inglehart, Ronald. 1990. Culture Shift in Advanced Industrial Society. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Jessop, Bob. 1990. State Theory: Putting the Capitalist State in Its Place. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press.Google Scholar
Johnson, Jason. 2010. Political Consultants and Campaigns: One Day to Sell. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.Google Scholar
Judis, John B. 2016. The Populist Explosion: How the Great Recession Transformed American and European Politics. New York: Columbia Global Reports.Google Scholar
Kabaservice, Geoffrey. 2012. Rule and Ruin: The Downfall of Moderation and the Destruction of the Republican Party, from Eisenhower to the Tea Party. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Katz, Richard S. and Mair, Peter. 2009. “The Cartel Party Thesis: A Restatement.Perspectives on Politics 7(4): 753766.Google Scholar
Koger, Gregory, Masket, Seth, and Noel, Hans. 2006. “Partisan Webs: Using the Address Market to Study Extended Party Networks.” Prepared for the Annual meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association, Chicago. April 20–23.Google Scholar
Kopan, Tal. 2016. “What Donald Trump Has Said about Mexico and Vice Versa.” CNN Politics. August 31. Retrieved June 9, 2017. https://cnn.it/2yHX8SEGoogle Scholar
Kreiss, Daniel. 2012. Taking Our Country Back: The Crafting of Networked Politics from Howard Dean to Barack Obama. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Laclau, Ernesto. 2005. On Populist Reason. New York: Verso.Google Scholar
Laclau, Ernesto and Mouffe, Chantal. 2001 [1985]. Hegemony and Socialist Strategy: Towards a Radical Democratic Politics, 2nd ed. New York: Verso.Google Scholar
Lazarsfeld, Paul F., Berelson, Bernard, and Gaudet, Hazel. 1948 [1944]. The People’s Choice: How the Voter Makes Up His Mind in a Presidential Campaign, 2nd ed. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Lee, Caroline W. 2015. Do-It-Yourself Democracy. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Lipset, Seymour Martin. 1960. Political Man: The Social Bases of Politics. Garden City, NY: Doubleday.Google Scholar
Lipset, Seymour Martin and Rokkan, Stein. 1967. Party Systems and Voter Alignments: Cross-national Perspectives. New York: Free Press.Google Scholar
Lotesta, Johnnie. 2016. “The Strength of Civil Society Ties: Explaining Party Change in America’s Bluest State.” Research in Political Sociology 24: 257287.Google Scholar
Lotesta, Johnnie. 2018. “The Myth of the Business Friendly Economy: Making Neoliberal Reforms in the Worst State for Business.” American Journal of Cultural Sociology (advance online publication).Google Scholar
Mann, Michael. 1986. The Sources of Social Power, Volume 1. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marx, Karl and Engels, Frederick. 1998 [1848]. The Communist Manifesto: A Modern Edition. New York: Verso.Google Scholar
Masket, Seth. 2009. No Middle Ground: How Informal Party Organizations Control Nominations and Polarize Legislatures. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.Google Scholar
Mayer, Jane. 2016. Dark Money: The Hidden History of the Billionaires Behind the Rise of the Radical Right. New York: Doubleday.Google Scholar
McAdam, Doug. 1982. Political Process and the Development of Black Insurgency. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
McCarthy, John D. and Zald, Mayer. 1977. “Resource Mobilization and Social Movements: A Partial Theory.” American Journal of Sociology 82: 12121241.Google Scholar
McGirr, Lisa. 2015. Suburban Warriors: The Origins of the New American Right. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Medvetz, Thomas. 2012. Think Tanks in America. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Mudge, Stephanie Lee. 2011. “What’s Left of Leftism? Neoliberal Politics in Western Party Systems, 1945–2004.” Social Science History 35(2): 337380.Google Scholar
Mudge, Stephanie Lee. 2018. Reinventing Leftism. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Mudge, Stephanie Lee and Lotesta, Johnnie. 2016. “Party–Expert Relations and the Postwar Remaking of Democratic Politics.” Prepared for the Annual meeting of the Social Science History Association, Chicago. November 18–20.Google Scholar
Oberschall, Anthony. 1973. Social Conflict and Social Movements. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.Google Scholar
Orloff, Ann and Skocpol, Theda. 1984. “Why Not Equal Protection? Explaining the Politics of Public Social Spending in Britain, 1900–1911 and the United States, 1880s–1920.” American Sociological Review 49: 726750.Google Scholar
Pacewicz, Josh. 2016. Partisans and Partners: The Politics of the Post-Keynesian Society. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Patros, Tyson. 2016. “Building Blocs: How Parties Organize Society.” Contemporary Sociology: A Journal of Reviews 45(5): 735737.Google Scholar
Piven, Frances Fox and Cloward, Richard A.. 1979. Poor People’s Movements: Why They Succeed, How They Fail. New York: Vintage.Google Scholar
Politico. 2016. “Full Text: Donald Trump 2016 RNC Draft Speech Transcript.” Politico. July 21. Retrieved June 9, 2017. https://politi.co/29Zoy8EGoogle Scholar
Poulantzas, Nicos. 1973. Political Power and Social Classes. London: New Left Books.Google Scholar
Przeworski, Adam. 1977. “Proletariat into a Class: The Process of Class Formation from Karl Kautsky’s The Class Struggle to Recent Controversies.” Politics & Society 7(4): 343401.Google Scholar
Redding, Kent. 2003. Making Race, Making Power: North Carolina’s Road to Disfranchisement. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.Google Scholar
Riley, Dylan. 2010. The Civic Foundations of Fascism in Europe: Italy, Spain, and Romania, 1870–1945. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.Google Scholar
Riley, Dylan. 2015. “Coda: Hegemony and Democracy in Gramsci’s Prison Notebooks” pp. 175186 in de Leon, Cedric, Desai, Manali, and Tuğal, Cihan (eds.) Building Blocs: How Parties Organize Society. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Rokkan, Stein. 1999. State Formation, Nation-Building, and Mass Politics in Europe: The Theory of Stein Rokkan. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Sartori, Giovanni. 1969. “From the Sociology of Politics to Political Sociology” pp. 65100 in Lipset, Seymour Martin (ed.) Politics and the Social Sciences. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Schwartz, Mildred. 1990. The Party Network: The Robust Organization of Illinois Republicans. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.Google Scholar
Schwartz, Mildred. 2006. Party Movements in the United States and Canada: Strategies of Persistence. Oxford: Rowman & Littlefield.Google Scholar
Skocpol, Theda. 1979. States and Social Revolutions. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Skocpol, Theda. 1980. “Political Response to Capitalist Crisis: Neo-Marxist Theories of the State and the Case of the New Deal.” Political Sociology 10: 155201.Google Scholar
Skocpol, Theda. 1985. “Bringing the State Back In: Strategies of Analysis in Current Research” pp. 328 in Evans, Peter B., Rueschemeyer, Dietrich, and Skocpol, Theda (eds.) Bringing the State Back In. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Skocpol, Theda and Hertel-Fernandez, Alexander. 2016. “The Koch Network and Republican Party Extremism.” Perspectives on Politics 14(3): 681699.Google Scholar
Skocpol, Theda and Williamson, Vanessa. 2016. The Tea Party and the Remaking of Republican Conservatism. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Slater, Dan. 2015. “Democratic Disarticulation and Its Dangers: Cleavage Formation and Promiscuous Power-Sharing in Indonesian Party Politics” pp. 123150 in de Leon, Cedric, Desai, Manali, and Tuğal, Cihan (eds.) Building Blocs: How Parties Organize Society. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Snow, David A. and Benford, Robert D.. 1988. “Ideology, Frame Resonance, and Participant Mobilization.” International Social Movement Research 1: 197217.Google Scholar
Tankersley, Jim. 2016. “How Trump Won: The Revenge of Working-Class Whites.” The Washington Post. November 9. Retrieved June 9, 2017. https://wapo.st/2WHibQrGoogle Scholar
Tarrow, Sydney. 1998. Power in Movement: Social Movements, Collective Action and Mass Politics in the Modern State. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Tuğal, Cihan. 2015. “Religious Politics, Hegemony, and the Market Economy: Parties in the Making of Turkey’s Liberal-Conservative Bloc and Egypt’s Diffuse Islamization” pp. 87122 in de Leon, Cedric, Desai, Manali, and Tuğal, Cihan (eds.) Building Blocs: How Parties Organize Society. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Tuğal, Cihan. 2017. “An Unmoving Wall or a Shifting One? The American Right’s Deep Emotional Politics and Its Emaciated Counterpart.” British Journal of Sociology 68(1): 137142.Google Scholar
USA Today Network. 2016. “Trump Nation.” Retrieved June 9, 2017. https://bit.ly/2XlrMtfGoogle Scholar
Veugelers, John W. P. 1999. “A Challenge for Political Sociology: The Rise of Far-Right Parties in Contemporary Western Europe.” Current Sociology 47(4): 78100.Google Scholar
Walker, Edward. 2014. Grassroots for Hire: Public Affairs Consultants in American Democracy. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
World Bank. 2017. “Databank.” Retrieved June 9, 2017. http://databank.worldbank.org/data/home.aspxGoogle Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×