Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gbm5v Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T04:58:48.212Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

29 - Violence Exposure among Children and Young People

A South African Case Study

from Part III - Regional and Country Case Studies on Social Justice for Youth

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 September 2020

Caroline S. Clauss-Ehlers
Affiliation:
Rutgers University, New Jersey
Aradhana Bela Sood
Affiliation:
Virginia Commonwealth University
Mark D. Weist
Affiliation:
University of South Carolina
Get access

Summary

The legacy of apartheid that legalized racial separation and discrimination continues to haunt South African society as evidenced in the growing number of verbal and violent racist attacks. Socially disadvantaged children and youth in South Africa lack social support and access to healthcare. The high incidence of head trauma in South Africa is related to the increasing rate of mental illness. In particular, mild traumatic brain injuries pose serious threats to the mental and physical health of children and adolescents. This chapter highlights the vulnerability to further trauma facing children with mild traumatic head injury when confronting security challenges and argues for the evolution of mental education to law enforcement and legal structures to provide appropriate protective care to child and adolescent victims of mild traumatic head injuries.

Type
Chapter
Information
Social Justice for Children and Young People
International Perspectives
, pp. 450 - 459
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2020

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bryce, J., Black, R. E., & Victora, C. G. (2013, October 16). Millennium Development Goals 4 and 5: Progress and challenges. BMC Medicine, 11(1), 14. doi.org/10.1186/1741–7015-11–225Google Scholar
Campbell-Hall, V., & Petersen, I. (2010). Collaboration between traditional practitioners and primary health care staff in South Africa: Developing a workable partnership for community mental health services. Transcultural Psychiatry, 47(4), 610628.Google Scholar
Cape Mental Health (2018). Retrieved from www.westerncape.gov.za/facility/cape-mental-health.Google Scholar
Chisholm, B. (1951). Outline for a study group on world health and the survival of the human race: Material drawn from articles and speeches. Geneva: World Health Organization. Retrieved from https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/330666/MH.276.51-eng.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y.Google Scholar
Cohen, D., & Conidi, F. (2015). Neurologic exam findings and clinical manifestations of post-concussion syndrome in a pediatric Population (P7.177). Neurology, 84(Suppl. 14).Google Scholar
Constitution of the Republic of South Africa (1996). Government Gazette (vol. 378, no. 17678, Act No. 108, Document No. 2083).Google Scholar
Corrigan, J. D., Selassie, A. W., & Orman, J. A. (2010). Epidemiology of traumatic brain injury: Erratum. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 25(3), 224. doi:10.1097/htr.0b013e3181e5fda0Google Scholar
Das-Munshi, J., Lund, C., Mathews, C., et al. (2016). Mental health inequalities in adolescents growing up in post-apartheid South Africa: Cross-sectional survey, SHaW study. doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0154478CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dickman, B. J., & Roux, A. J. (2005). Complainants with learning disabilities in sexual abuse cases: A 10-year review of a psycho-legal project in Cape Town, South Africa. British Journal of Learning Disabilities, 33(3), 138144. doi.org/10.1111/j.1468–3156.2005.00355.xGoogle Scholar
Flisher, A. J., Dawes, A., Kafaar, Z., et al. (2012). Child and adolescent mental health in South Africa. Journal of Child & Adolescent Mental Health, 24(2), 149161. doi:10.2989/17280583.2012.735505Google Scholar
Ghebreyesus, T. A. (2017, December 10). Health is a fundamental human right. World Health Organization Media Centre Statement. Human Rights Day. Statement presented at the World Health Organization Media Centre.Google Scholar
Haagsma, J. A., Scholten, A. C., Andriessen, T. M. J. C., et al. (2015). Impact of depression and post-traumatic stress disorder on functional outcome and health-related quality of life of patients with mild traumatic brain injury. Journal of Neurotrauma, 32, 853862. doi:10.1089/neu.2013.3283Google Scholar
Hyder, A. A., Wunderlich, C. A., Puvanachandra, P., Gururaj, G., & Kobusingye, O. C. (2007). The impact of traumatic brain injuries: A global perspective. NeuroRehabilitation, 22(5), 341353.Google Scholar
Khasnis, A., & Gokula, R. M. (2003). Romberg’s test. Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, 49(2), 169172.Google Scholar
Margolesky, J., & Singer, C. (2018). How tandem gait stumbled into the neurological exam: A review. Neurological Sciences, 39(1), 2329.Google Scholar
Mayosi, B. M., Lawn MRCP Paeds, van Niekerk, J. E., et al. (2012). Health in South Africa: Changes and challenges since 2009. Lancet, 380, 20292043. doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61814–5Google Scholar
Orlovska, S., Pedersen, M. S., Benros, M. E., et al. (2014). Head injury as risk factor for psychiatric disorders: A nationwide register-based follow-up study of 113,906 persons with head injury. American Journal of Psychiatry, 171(4), 463469. doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2013.13020190CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ran, M. S., Yang, L. H., Liu, Y. J., et al. (2017). The family economic status and outcome of people with schizophrenia in Xinjin, Chengdu, China: 14-year follow-up study. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 63(3), 203211.Google Scholar
Republic of South Africa (1998). Correctional Services Act, No. 111 of 1998. Government Gazette (vol. 401, no. 19522, Act No. 111, Document No. 1543).Google Scholar
Republic of South Africa (2002). Mental Health Care Act, No. 17 of 2002. Government Gazette (vol. 449, no. 24024, Act No. 17, Document No. 1386).Google Scholar
Republic of South Africa (RSA) Department of Health (2003). Policy guidelines: Child and adolescent mental health. Pretoria: Government Printer.Google Scholar
Rosman, K. (2006). Neurology in South Africa. World Neurology, 21(2), 116. Retrieved from https://wfneurology.org/neurology-in-south-africa-2006.Google Scholar
South African Depression and Anxiety Group (2018). Retrieved from www.sadag.org/.Google Scholar
South African Federation for Mental Health (2018). Mental wellness is our concern. Retrieved from www.safmh.org.za/.Google Scholar
Szabo, C. P., Fine, J., Mayers, P., Naidoo, S., & Zabow, T. (2017). Mental health leadership and patient access to care: A public–private initiative in South Africa. International Journal of Mental Health Systems, 11.Google Scholar
United Nations (UN) General Assembly (1966). International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. Retrieved from www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest/pages/cescr.aspx.Google Scholar
WHO-AIMS Report on Mental Health System in South Africa, WHO and Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa (2007). Retrieved from www.who.int/mental_health/evidence/south_africa_who_aims_report.pdf?ua=1.Google Scholar
World Health Organization (2001). Mental health: New understanding, new hope. World Mental Health Report. Geneva: World Health Organization.Google Scholar
Zgaljardic, D. J., Seale, G. S., Schaefer, L. A., et al. (2015). Psychiatric disease and post-acute traumatic brain injury. Journal of Neurotrauma, 32(23), 19111925.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure no-reply@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×