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Series:   Elements of Paleontology

Functional Micromorphology of the Echinoderm Skeleton

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 February 2021

Przemyslaw Gorzelak
Przemyslaw Gorzelak
Affiliation:
Polish Academy of Sciences

Summary

Echinoderms elaborate a calcite skeleton composed of numerous plates with a distinct microstructure (stereom) that can be modelled into different shapes thanks to the use of a transient amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) precursor phase and the incorporation of an intraorganic matrix during biomineralization. A variety of different types of stereom microarchitecture have been distinguished, each of them optimized for a specific function. For instance, a regular, galleried stereom typically houses collagenous ligaments, whereas an irregular, fine labyrinthic stereom commonly bears muscles. Epithelial tissues, in turn, are usually associated with coarse and dense stereom microfabrics. Stereom can be preserved in fossil echinoderms and a wide array of investigating methods are available. As many case studies have shown, a great deal of important paleobiological and paleoecological information can be decoded by studying the stereom microstructure of extinct echinoderms.
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Keywords

Echiondermatabiomineralizationstereomfunctionpaleoanatomy
Type
Element
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Series: Elements of Paleontology
Online ISBN: 9781108893886
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication: 11 February 2021

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