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Gender differences in socio-demographic, clinical characteristics and psychiatric diagnosis in/of suicide attempters in a Mexican population

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 February 2015

Ana Fresán ,
Thelma Beatriz González-Castro ,
Yesenia Peralta-Jiménez ,
Isela Juárez-Rojop ,
Sherezada Pool-García ,
Martha Patricia Velázquez-Sánchez ,
Lilia López-Narváez  and
Carlos Alfonso Tovilla-Zárate
Ana Fresán
Affiliation:
Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, México, D. F., México
Thelma Beatriz González-Castro
Affiliation:
División Académica de Jalpa de Méndez, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Cunduacán, Tabasco, México
Yesenia Peralta-Jiménez
Affiliation:
División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Comalcalco, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Comalcalco, Tabasco, México
Isela Juárez-Rojop
Affiliation:
División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México
Sherezada Pool-García
Affiliation:
Hospital General de Comalcalco, Tabasco. Secretaría de Salud, Comalcalco, Tabasco, México
Martha Patricia Velázquez-Sánchez
Affiliation:
Hospital General de Comalcalco, Tabasco. Secretaría de Salud, Comalcalco, Tabasco, México
Lilia López-Narváez
Affiliation:
CIGEN, Centro de Investigación Genómica, Comalcalco, Tabasco, México Hospital General de Yajalón, Yajalón, Chiapas, México
Carlos Alfonso Tovilla-Zárate*
Affiliation:
División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Comalcalco, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Comalcalco, Tabasco, México
*
Dr. Carlos Alfonso Tovilla Zárate, División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Comalcalco, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Ranchería Sur, Cuarta Sección, C.P. 86650, Comalcalco, Tabasco, México. Tel: 52 993 358 1500, ext. 6901; E-mail: alfonso_tovillaz@yahoo.com.mx
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Abstract

Objective

The aim of the present study was to analyse demographic and clinical characteristics, as well as psychiatric diagnoses to identify gender differences in patients with attempted suicide in a Mexican population.

Methods

Between September 2010 and September 2012, 140 suicide attempts were documented in the Department of Psychiatry at the General Hospital of Comalcalco (Hospital General de Comalcalco in Spanish) in Tabasco, Mexico. Diagnoses were established using the DSM-IV questionnaire in which Axis I and II were considered. The Suicide Intent Scale was also applied.

Results

In our sample, 63.6% were females and 36.4% males. With regard to socio-demographic characteristics, the predominant marital status in males was single, and in females married (χ2=5.93, df=2, p=0.05). In occupation the male group was mainly unemployed and housewife in females (χ2=55.51, df=4, p<0.001). Male subjects were more likely to consume alcohol (χ2=20.40, df=1, p≤0.001), cannabis (χ2=16.62, df=1, p≤0.001) or tobacco. The prevalence of psychiatric diagnosis was significantly different because, the male group was mainly diagnosed with substance-related disorders, whereas female participants showed a prevalence of stress-related disorders (χ2=34.17, gl=4, p=0.0001).

Conclusion

Our results provide evidence that the characteristics of suicide attempt are different by gender in the Mexican population. Interventions are necessary for the development of prevention strategies that may lead to a reduction in suicidal behaviour. These preventive activities should consider the occupation for the female group and consumption of alcohol, cannabis or tobacco in the male group.

Keywords

gender differencesMexican populationsuicide attempt
Type
Original Articles
Information
Acta Neuropsychiatrica , Volume 27 , Issue 3 , June 2015 , pp. 182 - 188
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Copyright
© Scandinavian College of Neuropsychopharmacology 2015 

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