Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-8ctnn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T06:28:38.407Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Domestic Architecture in Apalachee Province: Apalachee and Spanish Residential Styles in the Late Prehistoric and Early Historic Period Southeast

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

John F. Scarry  and
Bonnie G. McEwan
John F. Scarry
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology and Research Laboratories of Anthropology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599–3120
Bonnie G. McEwan
Affiliation:
San Luis Archaeological and Historic Site, Florida Bureau of Archaeological Research, R. A. Gray Building, Tallahassee, FL 32399–0250
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The traditional architectural styles of the Apalachee of northern Florida and Spanish colonists in the New World represent distinct approaches to the organization of domestic and community space and reflect different attitudes toward public and private activities. To the degree that the Apalachee became Hispanicized or that the Spaniards in Apalachee adopted aspects of aboriginal lifestyles during the seventeenth-century mission period, we might expect to see changes in architecture and community organization. Archaeological and ethnohistorical data from Apalachee Province indicate that the shapes and spatial arrangement of native and European domestic structures changed very little as a result of contact. This suggests that each group maintained a distinct identity in the realm of residential organization, despite the profound changes that both the Apalachee and Spaniards made in other aspects of their lives as a result of European colonization in La Florida.

Resumen

Resumen

Los estilos de arquitectura tradicionales en los Apalachees del norte de Florida y los colonizadores Españoles en el Nuevo Mundo representan distintos modos en la organización doméstica, así como en la comunidad, reflejando diferentes actitudes hacia el pueblo y las actividades privadas. A tal punto, que los Apalaches se hispanizaron, y los Españoles en Apalachee adoptaron el modo de vida de los indígenas durante la época misional del sigh diéz y siete. Como es de esperarse, estos cambios se produjeron en la arquitectura y en la organización de la comunidad. Los datos arqueológicos y etnohistóricos sobre la Provincia de Apalachee indican, que las estructuras y el orden en que fueron construídas cambio muy poco como resultado de este contacto. Esto sugiere que cada grupo mantubo su identidad dentro de la organización residencial del reino, no obstante los cambios tan profundos que ambos los Apalachees y los Españoles hizieron en otros aspectos de sus vidas, y como resultado de la colonizacion europea en La Florida.

Type
Reports
Information
American Antiquity , Volume 60 , Issue 3 , July 1995 , pp. 482 - 495
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for American Archaeology 1995

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

References Cited

Bierce-Gedris, K. 1981 Apalachee Hill : Archaeological Investigations of an Indian Site of the Spanish Mission Period in Northwest Florida. Unpublished Master's thesis, Department of Anthropology, Florida State University, Tallahassee.Google Scholar
Boyd, M. F. (translator) 1953 Manuel Solana to Governor Zuniga, San Luis, October 22, 1702. The Americas 9(4) : 468–70.Google Scholar
Boyd, M. F, Smith, H. G., and Griffin, J. W. 1951 Here They Once Stood : The Tragic End of the Apalachee Missions. University of Florida Press, Gainesville.Google Scholar
Boyd-Bowman, P. 1973 Patterns of Spanish Emigration to the New World (1493-1580). Special Studies. Council on International Studies, State University of New York, Buffalo.Google Scholar
Boyd-Bowman, P. 1976 Patterns of Spanish Emigration to the Indies until 1600. Hispanic American Historical Review 56 : 580–604.Google Scholar
Cabeza de Vaca, A. N. 1906 Relacion de los Naufragios y Comentarios. Libreria General de Victoriano Suarez, Madrid.Google Scholar
Crouch, D., Garr, D., and Mundigo, A. 1982 Spanish City Planning in North America. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.Google Scholar
Deaver, S. 1989 Space, Worldview and Architectural Form. In Households and Communities, edited by Eachern, S. Mac, Archer, D., and Garvin, R., pp. 243–255. University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta.Google Scholar
Deetz, J. 1977 In Small Things Forgotten : The Archaeology of Early American Life. Anchor Doubleday, Garden City, New York.Google Scholar
Ewen, C. R. 1989a Apalachee Winter. Archaeology May/June : 37–39.Google Scholar
Ewen, C. R. 1989b The Search for Hernando de Soto's First Winter Camp : Excavations at the Martin Site. Manuscript on file, Florida Bureau of Archaeological Research, Tallahassee.Google Scholar
Ewen, C. R. 1990 The Protohistoric Apalachee. Paper presented at the 47th Annual Meeting of the Southeastern Archaeological Conference, Mobile, Alabama.Google Scholar
Flannery, K. V 1972 The Origins of the Village as a Settlement Type in Mesoamerica and the Near East : A Comparative Study. In Man, Settlement and Urbanism, edited by Ucko, P., Tringham, R, and Dimbleby, G., pp. 23–53. Schenkman, Cambridge, Massachusetts.Google Scholar
Frothingham, A. 1941 Hispanic Glass. Hispanic Society of America, New York City.Google Scholar
Fryman, F. 1969 Fieldnotes from the High Ridge Site (8Lell7). Unpublished notes on file, Florida Bureau of Archaeological Research, Tallahassee.Google Scholar
Garcia-Arevalo, M. 1990 Transculturation in Contact Period and Contemporary Hispaniola. In Columbian Consequences : Archaeological and Historical Perspectives on the Spanish Borderlands East, vol. II, edited by Thomas, D. H., pp. 269–280. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C. Google Scholar
Glassie, H. 1975 Folk Housing in Middle Virginia : A Structural Analysis of Historic Artifacts. University of Tennessee Press, Knoxville.Google Scholar
Hakluyt, R. 1904 The Principal Navigations Voyages Traffiques & Discoveries of the English Nation Made by Sea or Overland to the Remote and Farthest Distant Quarters of the Earth at any Time within the Compasse of the Google Scholar
Hakluyt, R. 1600 Years. James Mac Lehose and Sons, Glasgow.Google Scholar
Hann, J. H. 1988a Apalachee : The Land between the Rivers. Ripley P. Bullen Monographs in Anthropology and History, No. 7. University Presses of Florida, Gainesville.Google Scholar
Hann, J. H. 1988b Translation of the Account Based on the Letter Written to the Audencia of Santo Domingo by Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca, Andres Dorantes, and Alonso del Castillo While They Were in Mexico City in Gonzalo Fernandez de Oviedo y Valdes's Historia General y Natural de las Indias, y Tierra-Firme del Mar Oceano, vol. III. (Imprenta de la Real Academia de la Historia, Madrid, 1853). Manuscript on file, Florida Bureau of Archaeological Research, Tallahassee.Google Scholar
Hann, J. H. 1988c Transcription and Translation of the Apalachee Section of the Hidalgo de Elvas. True Relation of the Labors That the Governor Don Fernando de Souto and Certain Portuguese Gentlemen Experienced in the Exploration of the Province of Florida. Now Newly Made by a Gentleman of Elvas. Manuscript on file, Florida Bureau of Archaeological Research, Tallahassee.Google Scholar
Hann, J. H. 1988d Transcription and Translation of the Spanish Text Dealing with Apalachee from Luys Hernandez de Biedma's Report of the Outcome of the Journey That Hernando de Soto Made and of the Characteristics of the Land Through Which He Traveled. Manuscript on file, Florida Bureau of Archaeological Research, Tallahassee.Google Scholar
Hann, J. H. 1991 Translation of Autos of Inquiry Made Concerning the Impossibility That Exists for Achieving the Exploration of the Coast of the Said Bay of the Conception, Which They Call of the Holy Spirit, Which Is Planned to Be Made from Apalachee.Google Scholar
Hann, J. H. 1689, Archivo General de Indias, Escribania de Camara, Legajo 156, Cuaderno E, Stetson Collection. P. K. Yonge Library of Florida History, University of Florida, Gainesville.Google Scholar
Hann, J. H. 1993a [1630] Memorial of Fray Francisco Alonso de Jesus of Spanish Florida's Mission and Natives. The Americas L(l)M-\05. Google Scholar
Hann, J. H. 1993b The Juana Cathalina de Florencia Document of 1709 : The Tallahassee Area's First European Settlers. Manuscript on file, Florida Bureau of Archaeological Research, Tallahassee.Google Scholar
Hunter-Anderson, R. 1977 A Theoretical Approach to the Study of House Form. In For Theory Building in Archaeology, edited by Binford, L. R., pp. 287–315. Academic Press, New York City.Google Scholar
Jones, B. C. 1990 A Late Mississippian Collector. The Soto States Anthropologist 90(2) : 83–86.Google Scholar
Kent, S. (editor) 1990 Domestic Architecture and the Use of Space : An Interdisciplinary Cross-Cultural Study. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.Google Scholar
Lawrence, D. L., and Low, S. M. 1990 The Built Environment and Spatial Form. Annual Review of Anthropology 19 : 453–505.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lyon, E. 1977 St. Augustine 1580 : The Living Community. El Escribano 14 : 20–34.Google Scholar
McEwan, B. G. 1990 The Mission Period in Apalachee Province. Paper presented at the 47th Annual Meeting of the Southeastern Archaeological Conference, Mobile.Google Scholar
McEwan, B. G. 1999 La San Luis de Talimali : The Archaeology of Spanish Relations at a Florida Mission. Historical Archaeology 25(3) : 36–60.Google Scholar
McEwan, B. G. 1991b The Archaeology of Women in the Spanish New World. In “Gender in Historical Archaeology, ” edited by J. Seifert, Donna. Historical Archaeology 25(4) : 33–41.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McEwan, B. G. 1992a Archaeology of the Apalachee Village at San Luis de Talimali. Florida Archaeological Reports No. 28. Florida Bureau of Archaeological Research, Tallahassee.Google Scholar
McEwan, B. G. 1992b The Role of Ceramics in Spain and Spanish America during the Sixteenth Century. Historical Archaeology 26(1) : 92–108.Google Scholar
McEwan, B. G. 1993 Hispanic Life on the Seventeenth Century Florida Frontier. In The Spanish Missions of La Florida, edited by McEwan, B. G., pp. 295–321. University Press of Florida, Gainesville.Google Scholar
McGuire, R. H., and Schiffer, M. B. 1983 A Theory of Architectural Design. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 2 : 227–303.Google Scholar
Manucy, A. 1978 The Houses of St. Augustine, 1565-1821. St. Augustine Historical Society, St. Augustine, Florida.Google Scholar
Manucy, A. 1985 The Physical Setting of Sixteenth Century St. Augustine. The Florida Anthropologist 38 : 34–53.Google Scholar
Marrinan, R. A. 1993 Archaeological Investigations at Mission Patale, 1984-1992. In The Spanish Missions of La Florida, edited by McEwan, B. G., pp. 244–294. University Press of Florida, Gainesville.Google Scholar
Milanich, J. T. 1994 Archaeology of Precolumbian Florida. University Press of Florida, Gainesville.Google Scholar
Morell Peguero, B. 1986 Mercaderos y Artesanos en la Sevilla de Descrubrimiento. Diputacion Provincial de Sevilla, Seccion Historia, Serie la, Numero 29. Graficas del Sur, Seville.Google Scholar
Oliver, P. 1987 Dwellings : The House Across the World. University of Texas Press, Austin.Google Scholar
Payne, C. 1982 Farmsteads and Districts : A Model of Fort Walton Settlement Patterns in the Tallahassee Hills. Paper presented at the 39th Annual Meeting of the Southeastern Archaeological Conference, Memphis, Tennessee.Google Scholar
Peregrine, P. 1992 Social Change in the Woodland-Mississippian Transition : A Study of Household and Community Patterns in the American Bottom. North American Archaeologist 13 : 131–147.Google Scholar
Pike, R. L. 1961 Seville in the Sixteenth Century. Hispanic American Historical Review 41(1) : 1–30.Google Scholar
Rathje, W L., and McGuire, R. H. 1982 Rich Men… Poor Men. American Behavioral Scientist 25 : 705–715.Google Scholar
Robertson, J. A. (translator) 1993 The Account by a Gentleman from Elvas. In The DeSoto Chronicles, vol. I, edited by Clayton, L., Knight, V, Moore, and E., pp. 19–219. University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa.Google Scholar
Robbins, M. 1966 House Types and Settlement Patterns : An Application of Ethnology to Archaeological Interpretation. Minnesota Archaeologist 28 : 3–26.Google Scholar
Scarry, J. F. 1984a A Late Fort Walton Farmstead at the Velda Site, Leon County, Florida. Paper presented at the 36th Annual Meeting of the Florida Anthropological Society, Palm Beach.Google Scholar
Scarry, J. F. 1984b Spatial Organization and Refuse Disposal Patterns at a Late Prehistoric Velda Phase Farmstead in the Tallahassee Hills. Paper presented at the 41 st Annual Meeting of the Southeastern Archaeological Conference, Pensacola, Florida.Google Scholar
Scarry, J. F. 1989 A Provisional Chronological Sequence for Apalachee Province. Manuscript on file, Florida Bureau of Archaeological Research, Tallahassee.Google Scholar
Scarry, J. F. 1990a Mississippian Emergence in the Fort Walton Area : The Evolution of the Cayson and Lake Jackson Phases. In The Mississippian Emergence, edited by Smith, B. D., pp. 227–250. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C. Google Scholar
Scarry, J. F. 1990b The Rise, Transformation, and Fall of Apalachee : A Case Study of Political Change in a Chiefly Society. In Lamar Archaeology : Mississippian Chiefdoms in the Deep South, edited by Williams, M. and Shapiro, G., pp. 175–186. University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa.Google Scholar
Scarry, J. F. 1992 Political Offices and Political Structure : Ethnohistoric and Archaeological Perspectives on the Native Lords of Apalachee. In Lords of the Southeast : Social Inequality and the Native Elites of Southeastern North America, edited by Barker, A. W. and Pauketat, T. R., pp. 163–183. Archaeological Papers of the American Anthropological Association, No. 3. American Anthropological Association, Arlington, Virginia.Google Scholar
Scarry, J. F. 1995 Apalachee Homesteads : The Basal Social and Economic Units of a Mississippian Chiefdom. In Mississippian Communities and Households, edited by Rogers, J. D. and Smith, B. D.. University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa, in press.Google Scholar
Shapiro, G. 1987 Archaeology at San Luis : Broad-Scale Testing, 1984-1985. Florida Archaeology No. 3. Florida Bureau of Archaeological Research, Tallahassee.Google Scholar
Shapiro, G., and Hann, J. H. 1990 The Documentary Image of the Council Houses of Spanish Florida Tested by Excavations at the San Luis de Talimali Mission. In Columbian Consequences : Archaeological and Historical Perspectives on the Spanish Borderlands East, vol. II, edited by Thomas, D. H., pp. 477–491. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C. Google Scholar
Shapiro, G., and McEwan, B. G. 1992 Archaeology at San Luis : The Apalachee Council House. Florida Archaeology No. 6, Part 1. Florida Bureau of Archaeological Research, Tallahassee.Google Scholar
Smith, M. F Jr., , and Scarry, J. F 1988 Apalachee Settlement Distribution : The View from the Florida Master Site File. The Florida Anthropologist 41 : 351–364.Google Scholar
Swanton, J. R. 1985 Final Report of the United States DeSoto Expedition Commission. Classics of Smithsonian Anthropology. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C. Google Scholar
Sykes, K. 1989 The Chief's House, Symbol of Power. In Households and Communities, edited by Eachern, S. Mac, Archer, D., and Garvin, R., pp. 490–501. University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta.Google Scholar
Tesar, L. D. 1980 The Leon County Bicentennial Survey Report : An Archaeological Survey of Selected Portions of Leon County, Florida. Miscellaneous Project Report Series No. 49. Florida Bureau of Historic Sites and Properties, Tallahassee.Google Scholar
Vernon, R., and McEwan, B. G. 1990 Investigations in the Church Complex and Spanish Village at San Luis. Florida Archaeological Reports No. 18. Florida Bureau of Archaeological Research, Tallahassee.Google Scholar
Wenhold, L. 1936 A Seventeenth-Century Letter of Gabriel Diaz Vara Calderon, Bishop of Cuba, Describing the Indians and Indian Mission of Florida. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 95(16).Google Scholar
Whiting, J. W, and Ayres, B. 1968 Inferences from the Shape of Dwellings. In Settlement Archaeology, edited by Chang, K. C., pp. 117–133. National Press Books, Palo Alto, California.Google Scholar
Wilk, R. R., and Rathje, W. L. 1982 Household Archaeology. American Behavioral Scientist 25 : 617–639.Google Scholar
Worth, J. E. (translator) 1993 Relation of the Island of Florida by Luys Hernandez de Biedma. In The DeSoto Chronicles, vol. I, edited by Clayton, L., Knight, V, Moore, and E., pp. 221–246. University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa.Google Scholar