Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-xbtfd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-13T04:19:56.316Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Global land resources and population-supporting capacity

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 October 2009

Hari Eswaran*
Affiliation:
National Leader, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, P.O. Box 2890, Washington, DC 20013;
Fred Beinroth
Affiliation:
Professor of Soil Science, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico.
Paul Reich
Affiliation:
Geographer with the Office of World Soil Resources, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, P.O. Box 2890, Washington, DC 20013;
*
Corresponding author is Hari Eswaran (hari.eswaran@usda.gov).
Get access

Abstract

Anticipated advances in biotechnology and sustainable land management, in combination with the availability of high-quality lands, suggest a level of food production that will sustain twice the current global population. However, lack of political will, insufficient investments in modern agriculture, and a general apathy to the tenets of sustainable land management threaten food security in Third World countries, and in some, contribute to poverty and famine. From a global land-productivity point of view, the specter of Malthusian scenarios seems unwarranted. Sadly, however, local and regional food shortages are likely to continue to occur unless mechanisms for equitable food distribution, effective technical assistance, and infusions of capital for infrastructure development are implemented in some developing countries.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1999

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

2.Brown, L.R. 1994. Facing food insecurity. In Brown, L.R., Flavin, C., and Postel, S. (eds.). State of the World 1994. Earthscan Publ., London.Google Scholar
3.Buol, S.W., and Eswaran, H.. 1994. Assessment and conquest of poor soils. In Maranville, J.W., Baligar, V.C., Duncan, R.R., and Yoke, J.M. (eds.). Adaptation of Plants to Soil Stresses. INTSORMIL Publication 94–2. Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln, p. 1727.Google Scholar
4.Buringh, P. 1989. Availability of agricultural land for crops and livestock production. In Pimentel, D. and Hall, C.W. (eds.). Food and Natural Resources. Academic Press, San Diego, p. 6983.Google Scholar
5.Durham, D.F. 1992. Cultural carrying capacity. Focus 2:58.Google Scholar
6.Durning, A.B. 1989. Poverty and the environment: Reversing the downward spiral. Worldwatch Institute, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
7.Ehrlich, P.R., Ehrlich, A.H., and Daily, G.C.. 1993. Food security, population, and the environment. Population Development Research 19:132.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8.Eswaran, H., Virmani, S.M., and Abrol, I.P.. 1995. Issues and challenges of dryland agriculture in southern Asia. In Juo, A.S.R. and Freed, R.D. (eds.). Agriculture and the Environment: Bridging Food Production and Environmental Protection in Developing Countries. ASA Special Publication No. 60. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI. p. 161180.Google Scholar
9.Eswaran, H., Reich, P., and Beinroth, F.H.. 1997a. Global distribution of soils with acidity. In Moniz, A.Z., Furlani, A.M.C., Schaffert, R.E., Fageria, N.K., Rosolem, C.A., and Cantarella, H. (eds.). Plant-Soil Interactions at Low pH: Sustainable Agriculture and Forestry Production. Proc. 4th International Symposium on Plant-Soil Interactions at Low pH. Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, p. 159164.Google Scholar
10.Eswaran, H., Almaraz, R., Reich, P., and Zdruli, P.. 1997b. Soil quality and soil productivity in Africa. J. Sustainable Agric. 10:7594.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11.FAO. 1971–1981. FAO/UNESCO Soil Map of the World, 1:5 million. Vols. 1–10. Food and Agriculture Organization/United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, Rome.Google Scholar
12.FAO. 1976. A framework for land evaluation. FAO Soils Bulletin No. 32. Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome. 72 p.Google Scholar
13.FAO. 1991. The Digitized Soil Map of the World. World Soil Resources Report 67/1 (Release 1.0). Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome.Google Scholar
14.FAO. 1995. Agriculture Towards the Year 2010. Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome.Google Scholar
15.FAO. 1997. FAO Production Yearbook. Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome.Google Scholar
16.Fischer, G., and Heilig, G.K.. 1998. Population momentum and the demand on land and water resources. In Greenland, D.J., Gregory, P.J., and Nye, P.H. (eds.). Land Resources: On the Edge of the Malthusian Precipice? CAB International, New York. p. 829.Google Scholar
17.Greenland, D.J., and Szabolcs, I. (eds.). 1994. Soil Resilience and Sustainable Land Use. CAB International, Wallingford, U.K.Google Scholar
18.Greenland, D.J., Gregory, P.J., and Nye, P.H. (eds.). 1998. Land Resources: On the Edge of the Malthusian Precipice? CAB International, New York. 180 p.Google Scholar
19.Lal, R. 1989. Land degradation and its impact on food and other resources. In Pimentel, D. and Hall, C.W. (eds.). Food and Natural Resources. Academic Press, San Diego, p. 65140.Google Scholar
20.Malthus, T.R. 1798. An Essay on the Principle of Population as it Effects the Future Impairment of Society. St. Paul's Churchyard, London.Google Scholar
21.Oldeman, L.R., Hakkeling, R.T.A., and Sombroek, W.G.. 1991. World map of the status of human-induced soil degradation: An explanatory note. International Soil Information and Reference Centre, Wageningen, Netherlands. 34 p.Google Scholar
22.Pimentel, D., and Hall, C.W. (eds.). 1989. Food and Natural Resources. Academic Press, San Diego.Google Scholar
23.Pimentel, D., Harman, R., Pacenza, M., Pecarsky, J., and Pimentel, M.. 1994. Natural resources and an optimum human population. Population and Environment 15:347369.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
24.Postel, S. 1989. Water for agriculture: Facing the limit. Worldwatch Paper No. 93. Worldwatch Institute, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
25.Sanchez, P.A., Buresh, R.J., and Leakey, R.R.B.. 1998. Trees, soils, and food security. In Greenland, D.J., Gregory, P.J., and Nye, P.H. (eds.). Land Resources: On the Edge of the Malthusian Precipice? CAB International, New York. p. 89101.Google Scholar
26.Smil, V.C. 1987. Energy, Food, Environment: Realities, Myths, Options. Oxford Univ. Press, New York.Google Scholar
27.Stewart, B.A., Lal, R., El-Swaify, S.A., and Eswaran, H.. 1990. Sustaining the soil resource base of expanding world agriculture. Proc. Symposium on Global Soil Changes and Their Dynamics in a Changing Environment. 14th International Congress Soil Science, Kyoto, Japan.Google Scholar
28.Swaminathan, M.S. 1986. Building national and global nutrition security systems. In Swaminathan, M.S. and Sinha, S.K. (eds.). Global Aspects of Food Production. Tycooly International, Oxford, U.K. p. 417449.Google Scholar
29.Szaro, R.C., and Johnston, D.W.. 1996. Biodiversity in Managed Landscapes. Oxford Univ. Press, New York.Google Scholar
30.Tinker, P.B. 1998. The environmental implications of intensified land use in developing countries. In Greenland, D.J., Gregory, P.J., and Nye, P.H. (eds.). Land Resources: On the Edge of the Malthusian Precipice? CAB International, New York. p. 163173.Google Scholar
31.Wang, F., Hall, G. Barent, and Subaryono, P.. 1990. Fuzzy information representation and processing in conventional GIS software: Database design and application. International J. Geographical Information Systems 4:261283.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
32.Wetenschappelijke Raad Regereingsbeleid. 1994. Persistent risks: Four perspectives for rural areas in the European Community. Publ. Netherlands Scientific Council for Government Policy. The Hague, Netherlands. 144 p.Google Scholar
33.World Bank/UNDP. 1990. Irrigation and Drainage Research: A Proposal for an Internationally Supported Program to Enhance Research on Irrigation and Drainage Technology in Developing Countries. World Bank/United Nations Environment Programme. Washington, DC.Google Scholar
34.WRI. 1997. World Resources 1996–1997. World Resources Institute, Washington, DC.Google Scholar