Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gbm5v Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T10:03:18.921Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Use of re-esterified palm oils, differing in their acylglycerol structure, in weaning-piglet diets

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 April 2015

E. Vilarrasa ,
A. C. Barroeta ,
A. Tres  and
E. Esteve-Garcia
E. Vilarrasa
Affiliation:
Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service (SNiBA), Department of Animal and Food Science, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
A. C. Barroeta
Affiliation:
Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service (SNiBA), Department of Animal and Food Science, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
A. Tres
Affiliation:
Nutrition and Food Science Department – XaRTA – INSA, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Joan XXIII s/n, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
E. Esteve-Garcia*
Affiliation:
Monogastric Nutrition, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Ctra. de Reus-El Morell Km 3.8, E-43120 Constantí, Tarragona, Spain
*
†E-mail: enric.esteve@irta.cat
Get access

Abstract

Re-esterified oils are new fat sources obtained from chemical esterification of acid oils with glycerol (both economically interesting by-products from oil refining and biodiesel industries, respectively). The different fatty acid (FA) positional distribution and acylglycerol composition of re-esterified oils may enhance the apparent absorption of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and, thus, their overall nutritive value. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential use of re-esterified palm oils, in comparison with their corresponding acid and native oils, and also with an unsaturated fat source in weaning-piglet diets. The parameters assessed were: FA apparent absorption, acylglycerol and free fatty acid (FFA) composition of feces, and growth performance. One-hundred and twenty weaning piglets (average weight of 8.50±1.778 kg) were blocked by initial BW (six blocks) and randomly assigned to five dietary treatments, resulting in four piglets per pen and six replicates per treatment. Dietary treatments were a basal diet supplemented with 10% (as-fed basis) of native soybean oil (SN), native palm oil (PN), acid palm oil (PA), re-esterified palm oil low in mono- (MAG) and diacylglycerols (DAG) (PEL), or re-esterified palm oil high in MAG and DAG (PEH). Results from the digestibility balance showed that SN reached the greatest total FA apparent absorption, and statistically different from PN, PA and PEL (P<0.05). There were no statistical differences among palm-oil sources (P>0.05), but PEH achieved the greatest total FA apparent absorption. Animals fed PEL, despite the fact that PEL oil contained more sn-2 SFA, did not show an improved absorption of SFA (P>0.05). Animals fed PA and PN showed similar apparent absorption coefficients (P>0.05), despite the high FFA content of PA oil. The acylglycerol and FFA composition of feces was mainly composed of FFA. There were no significant differences in growth performance (P>0.05). Results of the present study suggest that, despite the different acylglycerol structure of re-esterified oils, there were no significant differences in digestibility or performance with respect to their corresponding PN and PA oils in weaning-piglet diets.

Keywords

absorptiondiacylglycerolsfatty acidmonoacylglycerolspiglets
Type
Research Article
Information
animal , Volume 9 , Issue 8 , August 2015 , pp. 1304 - 1311
Copyright
© The Animal Consortium 2015 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) 2005. Official methods of analysis, 18th edition AOAC, Arlington, VA, USA.Google Scholar
Carlson, WE and Bayley, HS 1968. Utilization of fat by young pigs: fatty acid composition of ingesta in different regions of the digestive tract and apparent and corrected digestibilities of corn oil, lard and tallow. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 48, 315–322.Google Scholar
Carnielli, VP, Luijendijk, IH, van Beek, RH, Boerma, GJ, Degenhart, HJ and Sauer, PJ 1995. Effect of dietary triacylglycerol fatty acid positional distribution on plasma lipid classes and their fatty acid composition in preterm infants. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 62, 776–781.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cera, KR, Mahan, DC and Reinhart, GA 1988. Weekly digestibilities of diets supplemented with corn oil, lard or tallow by weanling swine. Journal of Animal Science 66, 1430–1437.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cho, JH and Kim, IH 2012. Fat utilization for pigs: a review. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 11, 878–882.Google Scholar
DeRouchey, JM, Hancock, JD, Hines, RH, Maloney, CA, Lee, DJ, Cao, H, Dean, DW and Park, JS 2004. Effects of rancidity and free fatty acids in choice white grease on growth performance and nutrient digestibility in weanling pigs. Journal of Animal Science 82, 2937–2944.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Doreau, M and Chilliard, Y 1997. Digestion and metabolism of dietary fat in farm animals. British Journal of Nutrition 78, 15–35.Google Scholar
Filer, LJ, Mattson, FH and Fomon, SJ 1969. Triglyceride configuration and fat absorption by the human infant. The Journal of Nutrition 99, 293–298.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Folch, J, Lees, M and Sloane-Stanley, GH 1974. A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 226, 497–509.Google Scholar
Guardiola, F, Codony, R, Rafecas, M, Boatella, J and López, A 1994. Fatty acid composition and nutritional value of fresh eggs, from large- and small-scale farms. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 7, 171–188.Google Scholar
Innis, SM, Quinlan, P and Diersen-Schade, D 1993. Saturated fatty acid chain length and positional distribution in infant formula: effects on growth and plasma lipids and ketones in piglets. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 57, 382–390.Google Scholar
Innis, SM, Dyer, RA and Lien, EL 1997. Formula containing randomized fats with palmitic acid (16:0) in the 2-position increases 16:0 in the 2-position of plasma and chylomicron triglycerides in formula-fed piglets to levels approaching those of piglets fed sow’s milk. The Journal of Nutrition 127, 1362–1370.Google Scholar
Jensen, MS, Jensen, SK and Jakobsen, K 1997. Development of digestive enzymes in pigs with emphasis on lipolytic activity in the stomach and pancreas. Journal of Animal Science 75, 437–445.Google Scholar
Jones, DB, Hancock, JD, Harmon, DL and Walker, CE 1992. Effects of exogenous emulsifiers and fat sources on nutrient digestibility, serum lipids, and growth performance in weanling pigs. Journal of Animal Science 70, 3473–3482.Google Scholar
Jørgensen, H, Jakobsen, K and Eggum, BO 1992. The influence of different protein, fat and mineral levels on the digestibility of fat and fatty acids measured at the terminal ileum and in faeces of growing pigs. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica A-Animal Sciences 42, 177–184.Google Scholar
Jung, HJ, Kim, YY and Han, IK 2003. Effects of fat sources on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, serum traits and intestinal morphology in weaning pigs. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 16, 1035–1040.Google Scholar
Kavanagh, S, Lynch, PB, O’mara, F and Caffrey, PJ 2001. A comparison of total collection and marker technique for the measurement of apparent digestibility of diets for growing pigs. Animal Feed Science and Technology 89, 49–58.Google Scholar
Lawrence, NJ and Maxwell, CV 1983. Effect of dietary fat source and level on the performance of neonatal and early weaned pigs. Journal of Animal Science 57, 936–942.Google Scholar
Lien, EL, Boyle, FG, Yuhas, R, Tomarelli, RM and Quinlan, P 1997. The effect of triglyceride positional distribution on fatty acid absorption in rats. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 25, 167–174.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lindemann, MD, Cornelius, SG, el Kandelgy, SM, Moser, RL and Pettigrew, JE 1986. Effect of age, weaning and diet on digestive enzyme levels in the piglet. Journal of Animal Science 62, 1298–1307.Google Scholar
Martin, D, Moran-Valero, MI, Vázquez, L, Reglero, G and Torres, CF 2014. Comparative in vitro intestinal digestion of 1,3-diglyceride and 1-monoglyceride rich oils and their mixtures. Food Research International 64, 603–609.Google Scholar
Mattson, FH and Beck, LW 1956. The specificity of pancreatic lipase for the primary hydroxyl groups of glycerides. Journal of Biological Chemistry 219, 735–740.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mattson, FH and Volpenhein, RA 1963. The specific distribution of unsaturated fatty acids in the triglycerides of plants. Journal of Lipid Research 4, 392–396.Google Scholar
McCarthy, JF, Aherne, FX and Okai, DB 1974. Use of HCl insoluble ash as an index material for determining apparent digestibility with pigs. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 54, 107–109.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morrison, WR and Smith, LM 1964. Preparation of fatty acid methyl esters and dimethylacetals from lipids with boron fluoride–methanol. Journal of Lipid Research 5, 600–608.Google Scholar
National Research Council (NRC) 1998. Nutrient requirements of swine, 10th revised edition, National Academy Press, Washington, DC, USA.Google Scholar
Powles, J, Wiseman, J, Cole, DJA and Hardy, B 1993. Effect of chemical structure of fats upon their apparent digestible energy value when given to growing/finishing pigs. Animal Production 57, 137–146.Google Scholar
Powles, J, Wiseman, J, Cole, DJA and Hardy, B 1994. Effect of chemical structure of fats upon their apparent digestible energy value when given to young pigs. Animal Production 58, 411–417.Google Scholar
Renaud, SC, Ruf, JC and Petithory, D 1995. The positional distribution of fatty acids in palm oil and lard influences their biologic effects in rats. The Journal of Nutrition 125, 229–237.Google Scholar
Sacchi, R, Addeo, F and Paolillo, L 1997. 1H and 13C NMR of virgin olive oil. An overview. Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry 35, S133–S145.Google Scholar
Simoes, NC, Brachet, G, Picou, C and Cointepas, F 1985. Adaptation of pancreatic lipase to the amount and nature of dietary lipids in the growing pig. Reproduction, Nutrition, Development 26, 1273–1280.Google Scholar
Small, DM 1991. The effects of glyceride structure on absorption and metabolism. Annual Review of Nutrition 11, 413–434.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vilarrasa, E, Barroeta, AC, Tres, A and Esteve-Garcia, E . Use of re-esterified palm oils, differing in their acylglycerol structure, in fattening-pig diets. Animal, submitted.Google Scholar
Vilarrasa, E, Tres, A, Bayés-García, L, Parella, T, Esteve-Garcia, E and Barroeta, AC 2014. Re-esterified palm oils, compared to native palm oil, do not alter fat absorption, postprandial lipemia or growth performance in broiler chicks. Lipids 49, 795–805.Google Scholar
Wiseman, J, Cole, DJA and Hardy, B 1990. The dietary energy values of soya-bean oil, tallow and their blends for growing/finishing pigs. Animal Production 50, 513–518.Google Scholar