Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-dh8gc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T17:45:12.288Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Magnetic fabric and tectonic setting of the Early to Middle Jurassic felsic dykes at Pitt Point and Mount Reece, eastern Graham Land, Antarctica

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 September 2011

Jiří Žák ,
Igor Soejono ,
Vojtěch Janoušek  and
Zdeněk Venera
Jiří Žák*
Affiliation:
Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, Prague 12843, Czech Republic Czech Geological Survey, Klárov 3, Prague 11821, Czech Republic
Igor Soejono
Affiliation:
Czech Geological Survey, Klárov 3, Prague 11821, Czech Republic
Vojtěch Janoušek
Affiliation:
Czech Geological Survey, Klárov 3, Prague 11821, Czech Republic Institute of Petrology and Structural Geology, Charles University, Faculty of Science, Albertov 6, Prague 12843, Czech Republic
Zdeněk Venera
Affiliation:
Czech Geological Survey, Klárov 3, Prague 11821, Czech Republic
*
jirizak@natur.cuni.cz
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

At Pitt Point, the east coast of Graham Land (Antarctic Peninsula), the Early to Middle Jurassic (Toarcian–Aalenian) rhyolite dykes form two coevally emplaced NNE–SSW and E–W trending sets. The nearly perpendicular dyke sets define a large-scale chocolate-tablet structure, implying biaxial principal extension in the WNW–ESE and N–S directions. Along the nearby north-eastern slope of Mount Reece, the WNW–ESE set locally dominates suggesting variations in the direction and amount of extension. Magnetic fabric in the dykes, revealed using the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) method, indicates dip-parallel to dip-oblique (?upward) magma flow. The dykes are interpreted as representing sub-volcanic feeder zones above a felsic magma source. The dyke emplacement was synchronous with the initial stages of the Weddell Sea opening during Gondwana break-up, but it remains unclear whether it was driven by regional stress field, local stress field above a larger plutonic body, or by an interaction of both.

Keywords

Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS)Antarctic peninsulaChon Aike silicic large igneous provinceGondwana break-upregional extensionTrinity Peninsula Group
Type
Earth Sciences
Information
Antarctic Science , Volume 24 , Issue 1 , 06 February 2012 , pp. 45 - 58
Copyright
Copyright © Antarctic Science Ltd 2011

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Barbeau, D.L., Davis, J.T., Murray, K.E., Valencia, V., Gehrels, G.E., Zahid, K.M.Gombosi, D.J. 2010. Detrital-zircon geochronology of the metasedimentary rocks of north-western Graham Land. Antarctic Science, 22, 65–78.Google Scholar
Borradaile, G.J.Jackson, M. 2010. Structural geology, petrofabrics and magnetic fabrics (AMS, AARM, AIRM). Journal of Structural Geology, 32, 1519–1551.Google Scholar
Cañón-Tapia, E. 2004. Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility of lava flows and dykes: a historical account. In Martín-Hernández, F., Lüneburg, C.M., Aubourg, C.&Jackson, M.,eds. Magnetic fabric: methods and applications. Special Publication of the Geological Society of London, No. 238, 205–225.Google Scholar
Cañón-Tapia, E.Chávez-Álvarez, M.J. 2004. Theoretical aspects of particle movement in flowing magma: implication for the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility of dykes and lava flows. In Martín-Hernández, F., Lüneburg, C.M., Aubourg, C.&Jackson, M.,eds. Magnetic fabric: methods and applications. Special Publication of the Geological Society of London, No. 238, 227–249.Google Scholar
Chadima, M., Cajz, V.Týcová, P. 2009. On the interpretation of normal and inverse magnetic fabric in dikes: examples from the Eger Graben, NW Bohemian Massif. Tectonophysics, 466, 47–63.Google Scholar
Curtis, M.L., Riley, T.R., Owens, W.H., Leat, P.T.Duncan, R.A. 2008. The form, distribution and anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility of Jurassic dykes in H.U. Sverdrupfjella, Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica. Implications for dyke swarm emplacement. Journal of Structural Geology, 30, 1429–1447.Google Scholar
Dragoni, M., Lanza, R.Tallarico, A. 1997. Magnetic anisotropy produced by magma flow: theoretical model and experimental data from Ferrar dolerite sills (Antarctica). Geophysical Journal International, 128, 230–240.Google Scholar
Elliot, D.H.Flemming, T.H. 2000. Weddell triple junction: the principal focus of Ferrar and Karoo magmatism during initial breakup of Gondwana. Geology, 28, 539–542.Google Scholar
Ernst, R.E.Baragar, W.R.A. 1992. Evidence from magnetic fabric for the flow pattern of magma in the Mackenzie giant radiating dyke swarm. Nature, 356, 511–513.Google Scholar
Farquharson, G.W. 1984. Late Mesozoic, non-marine conglomeratic sequences of northern Antarctic Peninsula (the Botany Bay Group). British Antarctic Survey Bulletin, No. 65, 1–32.Google Scholar
Geoffroy, L., Callot, J.P., Aubourg, C.Moreira, M. 2002. Magnetic and plagioclase linear fabric discrepancy in dykes: a new way to define the flow vector using magnetic foliation. Terra Nova, 14, 183–190.Google Scholar
Grunow, A.M. 1993. Creation and destruction of Weddell Sea floor in the Jurassic. Geology, 21, 647–650.Google Scholar
Hastie, W.W., Aubourg, C.Watkeys, M.K. 2011. When an ‘inverse’ fabric is not inverse: an integrated AMS–SPO study in MORB-like dykes. Terra Nova, 23, 49–55.Google Scholar
Hathway, B. 2000. Continental rift to back-arc basin: Jurassic–Cretaceous stratigraphical and structural evolution of the Larsen Basin, Antarctic Peninsula. Journal of the Geological Society, 157, 417–432.Google Scholar
Hervé, F., Pankhurst, R.J., Fanning, C.M., Calderón, M.Yaxley, G.M. 2007. The South Patagonian batholith: 150 my of granite magmatism on a plate margin. Lithos, 97, 373–394.Google Scholar
Hibbard, M.J. 1995. Petrography to petrogenesis. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 587 pp.Google Scholar
Hrouda, F. 1982. Magnetic anisotropy of rocks and its application in geology and geophysics. Geophysical Surveys, 5, 37–82.Google Scholar
Hrouda, F., Chlupáčová, M.Novák, J.K. 2002. Variations in magnetic anisotropy and opaque mineralogy along a kilometer deep profile within a vertical dyke of the syenogranite porphyry at Cínovec (Czech Republic). Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 113, 37–47.Google Scholar
Hunter, M.A., Cantrill, D.J., Flowerdew, M.J.Millar, I.L. 2005. Mid-Jurassic age for the Botany Bay Group: implications for Weddell Sea Basin creation and southern hemisphere biostratigraphy. Journal of the Geological Society, 162, 745–748.Google Scholar
Jordan, T.A., Ferraccioli, F., Jones, P.C., Smellie, J.L., Ghidella, M.Corr, H. 2009. Airborne gravity reveals interior of Antarctic volcano. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 175, 127–136.Google Scholar
Leat, P.T., Scarrow, J.H.Millar, I.L. 1995. On the Antarctic Peninsula batholith. Geological Magazine, 132, 399–412.Google Scholar
Le Gall, B., Tshoso, G., Dyment, J., Kampunzu, A.B., Jourdan, F., Féraud, G., Bertrand, H., Aubourg, C.Vétel, W. 2005. The Okavango giant mafic dyke swarm (NE Botswana): its structural significance within the Karoo Large Igneous Province. Journal of Structural Geology, 27, 2234–2255.Google Scholar
Pankhurst, R.J., Riley, T.R., Fanning, C.M.Kelley, S.P. 2000. Episodic silicic volcanism in Patagonia and the Antarctic Peninsula: chronology of magmatism associated with the break-up of Gondwana. Journal of Petrology, 41, 605–625.Google Scholar
Pankhurst, R.J., Leat, P.T., Sruoga, P., Rapela, C.W., Marquez, M., Storey, B.C.Riley, T.R. 1998. The Chon Aike province of Patagonia and related rocks in West Antarctica: a silicic large igneous province. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 81, 113–136.Google Scholar
Paterson, S.R. 2009. Magmatic tubes, pipes, troughs, diapirs, and plumes: late-stage convective instabilities resulting in compositional diversity and permeable networks in crystal-rich magmas of the Tuolumne batholith, Sierra Nevada, California. Geosphere, 5, 496–527.Google Scholar
Paterson, S.R., Fowler, T.K., Schmidt, K.L., Yoshinobu, A.S., Yuan, E.S.Miller, R.B. 1998. Interpreting magmatic fabric patterns in plutons. Lithos, 44, 53–82.Google Scholar
Riley, T.R.Leat, P.T. 1999. Large volume silicic volcanism along the proto-Pacific margin of Gondwana: lithological and stratigraphical investigations from the Antarctic Peninsula. Geological Magazine, 136, 1–16.Google Scholar
Riley, T.R., Flowerdew, M.J., Hunter, M.A.Whitehouse, M.J. 2010. Middle Jurassic rhyolite volcanism of eastern Graham Land, Antarctic Peninsula: age correlations and stratigraphic relationships. Geological Magazine, 147, 581–595.Google Scholar
Riley, T.R., Leat, P.T., Curtis, M.L., Millar, I.L., Duncan, R.A.Fazel, A. 2005. Early–Middle Jurassic dolerite dykes from western Dronning Maud Land (Antarctica): identifying mantle sources in the Karoo Large Igneous Province. Journal of Petrology, 46, 1489–1524.Google Scholar
Rochette, P., Aubourg, C.Perrin, M. 1999. Is this magnetic fabric normal? A review and case studies in volcanic formations. Tectonophysics, 307, 219–234.Google Scholar
Rochette, P., Jackson, M.Aubourg, C. 1992. Rock magnetism and the interpretation of anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility. Reviews of Geophysics, 30, 209–226.Google Scholar
Seaman, S.J., Dyar, M.D.Marinkovic, N. 2009. The effects of heterogeneity in magma water concentration on the development of flow banding and spherulites in rhyolitic lava. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 183, 157–169.Google Scholar
Smellie, J.L. 1991. Stratigraphy, provenance and tectonic setting of (?)Late Palaeozoic–Triassic sedimentary sequences in northern Graham Land and South Scotia Ridge. In Thomson, M.R.A., Crame, J.A.&Thomson, J.W.,eds. Geological evolution of Antarctica. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 411–417.Google Scholar
Smellie, J.L., Roberts, B.Hirons, S.R. 1996. Very low and low-grade metamorphism in the Trinity Peninsula Group (Permo–Triassic) of northern Graham Land, Antarctic Peninsula. Geological Magazine, 133, 583–594.Google Scholar
Tarling, D.H.Hrouda, F. 1993. The magnetic anisotropy of rocks. London: Chapman and Hall, 217 pp.Google Scholar
Wendt, A.S., Vaughan, A.P.M.Tate, A. 2008. Metamorphic rocks in the Antarctic Peninsula region. Geological Magazine, 145, 655–676.Google Scholar
Supplementary material: File

Zak Supplementary Table

List of the AMS parameters for the analyzed specimens. Coordinates are WGS84.

Download Zak Supplementary Table(File)
File 55.3 KB