Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gvvz8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T08:13:17.516Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Early pottery in the North American Upper Great Lakes: exploring traces of use

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 September 2016

James M. Skibo*
Affiliation:
Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Illinois State University, Schroeder Hall 332, Normal, IL 61790–4660, USA
Mary E. Malainey
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, Brandon University, 270 18th Street, Brandon, MN R7A 6A9, Canada
Susan M. Kooiman
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, Michigan State University, 665 Auditorium Road, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
*
*Author for correspondence (Email: jmskibo@ilstu.edu)

Abstract

Why was pottery developed and adopted? Food residues on ceramic material from three sites in the Upper Great Lakes region of North America suggest that there is no single answer, and contradict previous indications that pottery was created for the ritual processing of fish oil. Samples from two sites showed evidence of both plant and animal remains, but no fish oils were detected, even for the site believed to be a fishing camp. Nut oils dominated for the third site, being present on both fire-cracked rocks and pottery, and were suggestive of an acorn-rendering process. All of the vessels were ideally suited to slow simmering, but it seems that their applications were diverse.

Type
Research
Copyright
Copyright © Antiquity Publications Ltd, 2016 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Barnett, W.K. & Hoopes, J.W. (ed.). 1995. The emergence of pottery: technology and innovation in ancient societies. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.Google Scholar
Condamin, J., Formenti, F., Metais, M.O., Michel, M. & Blond, P.. 1976. The application of gas chromatography to the tracing of oil in ancient amphorae. Archaeometry 18: 195201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4754.1976.tb00160.x Google Scholar
Densmore, F. 1979. Chippewa customs. St Paul: Minnesota Historical Society.Google Scholar
Drake, E., Skibo, J.M. & Franzen, J.. 2009. Chronological patterns of lithic raw material choice in the Grand Island-Munising Bay locality of Michigan's Upper Peninsula: archaeological implications for inter- and intra-site comparisons. Wisconsin Archaeologist 90 (1–2): 131–48.Google Scholar
Evershed, R.P. 1993. Biomolecular archaeology and lipids. World Archaeology 25: 7493. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00438243.1993.9980229 Google Scholar
Evershed, R.P. 2000. Biomolecular analysis by organic mass spectrometry, in Ciliberto, E. & Spoto, G. (ed.) Modern analytical methods in art and archaeology: 177239. New York: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Evershed, R.P., Heron, C. & Goad, L.J.. 1990. Analysis of organic residues of archaeological origin by high temperature gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. Analyst 115: 1339–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/an9901501339 Google Scholar
Garland, E.B. & Beld, S.G.. 1999. The Early Woodland: ceramics, domesticated plants, and burial mounds foretell the shape of the future, in Halsey, J.R. (ed.) Retrieving Michigan's buried past: the archaeology of the Great Lakes state: 125–46. Bloomfield Hills (MI): Cranbrook Institute of Science.Google Scholar
Griffin, J.B. 1952. Some Early and Late Woodland pottery types in Illinois, in Deuel, T. (ed.) Hopewellian communities in Illinois (Scientific Papers 5): 93129. Springfield: Illinois State Museum.Google Scholar
Hilger, I. 1992. Chippewa child life and its cultural background. St Paul: Minnesota Historical Society.Google Scholar
Janzen, D.E. 1968. The Naomikong Point site and the dimensions of Laurel in the Lake Superior Basin (Anthropological Papers 36). Ann Arbor: Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan.Google Scholar
Kooiman, S.M. 2012. Old pots, new approaches: a functional analysis of Woodland pottery from Lake Superior's south shore. Unpublished MA dissertation, Illinois State University.Google Scholar
Kooiman, S.M. In press. Woodland pottery function, cooking, and diet in the upper Great Lakes of North America. Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology.Google Scholar
Lovis, W.A. & Hart, J. P.. 2014. Do freshwater fish always live in water with abundant ancient carbon? Are fish always cooked in ceramic vessels? Perspectives from northeastern North America. Paper presented at the conference ‘Radiocarbon and Diet: Aquatic Resources and Reservoir Effects’, Kiel, Germany, 24–27 September 2014.Google Scholar
Loy, T. 1994. Residue analysis of artifacts and burned rock from the Mustang Branch and Barton Sites (41HY209 and 41HY202), in Ricklis, R.A. & Collins, M.B. (ed.) Archaic and late prehistoric human ecology in the Middle Onion Creek Valley, Hays County, Texas. Volume 2: topical studies (Studies in Archeology 19): 607–27. Austin: Texas Archaeological Research Laboratory, the University of Texas at Austin.Google Scholar
Malainey, M.E. 1997. The reconstruction and testing of subsistence and settlement strategies for the plains, parkland and southern boreal forest. Unpublished PhD dissertation, University of Manitoba.Google Scholar
Malainey, M.E. & Figol, T.. 2012. Analysis of lipid residues extracted from pottery. Technical report prepared for the Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Normal, IL, USA.Google Scholar
Malainey, M.E., Przybylski, R. & Sherriff, B.L.. 1999a. The fatty acid composition of native food plants and animals of western Canada. Journal of Archaeological Science 26: 8394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jasc.1998.0305 Google Scholar
Malainey, M.E., Malisza, K.L., Przybylski, R. & Monks, G.. 1999b. The effects of thermal and oxidative decomposition on the fatty acid composition of food plants and animals of western Canada: implications for the identification of archaeological vessel residues. Journal of Archaeological Science 26: 95103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jasc.1998.0306 Google Scholar
Malainey, M.E., Malisza, K.L., Przybylski, R. & Monks, G.. 1999c. Identifying the former contents of Late Precontact period pottery vessels from western Canada using gas chromatography. Journal of Archaeological Science 26: 425–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jasc.1998.0344 Google Scholar
Malainey, M.E., Malisza, K.L., Przybylski, R. & Monks, G.. 2001a. One person's food: how and why fish avoidance may affect the settlement and subsistence patterns of hunter-gatherers. American Antiquity 66: 141–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2694322 Google Scholar
Malainey, M.E., Malisza, K.L., Przybylski, R. & Monks, G.. 2001b. The key to identifying archaeological fatty acid residues. Paper presented at the 34th Annual Meeting of the Canadian Archaeological Association, Banff, Canada, May 2001.Google Scholar
Malainey, M.E., Przybylski, R. & Monks, G.. 2000a. The identification of archaeological residues using gas chromatography and applications to archaeological problems in Canada, the United States and Africa. Paper presented at the 11th Annual Workshops in Archaeometry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, USA, February 2000.Google Scholar
Malainey, M.E., Przybylski, R. & Monks, G.. 2000b. Refining and testing the criteria for identifying archaeological lipid residues using gas chromatography. Paper presented at the 33rd Annual Meeting of the Canadian Archaeological Association, Ottawa, Canada, May 2000.Google Scholar
Malainey, M.E., Przybylski, R. & Monks, G.. 2000c. Developing a general method for identifying archaeological lipid residues on the basis of fatty acid composition. Paper presented at the Joint Midwest Archaeological & Plains Anthropological Conference, Minneapolis, MN, USA, November 2000.Google Scholar
Marchbanks, M.L. 1989. Lipid analysis in archaeology: an initial study of ceramics and subsistence at the George C. Davis site. Unpublished M.A. dissertation, University of Texas at Austin.Google Scholar
Neubauer, F. 2015. Lithic technological organization on Grand Island, Michigan during the Late Archaic Period. Paper presented at the 80th Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology, San Francisco, USA, 15–19 April 2015.Google Scholar
Ozker, D. 1982. An Early Woodland community at the Schultz 20SA2 in the Saginaw Valley and the nature of the Early Woodland adaptation in the Great Lakes Region (Anthropological Papers 70). Ann Arbor: Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan.Google Scholar
Patrick, M., de Konig, A.J. & Smith, A.B.. 1985. Gas liquid chromatographic analysis of fatty acids in food residues from ceramics found in the Southwestern Cape, South Africa. Archaeometry 27: 231–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4754.1985.tb00366.x Google Scholar
Pitezel, J.H. 1901. The life of Peter Marksman. Cincinnati (OH): Western Methodist Book Concern.Google Scholar
Quimby, G.I. 1965. Exploring an underwater Indian site. Chicago Natural History Museum Bulletin 36 (8): 24.Google Scholar
Reid, K.C. 1990. Simmering down: a second look at Ralph Linton's ‘North American cooking pots’, in Mack, J.M. (ed.) Hunter-gatherer pottery from the far west (Anthropological Papers 23): 818 Carson City: Nevada State Museum.Google Scholar
Rice, P. 1996a. Recent ceramic analysis: 1. Function, style and origins. Journal of Archaeological Research 4: 133–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02229184 Google Scholar
Rice, P. 1996b. Recent ceramic analysis: 2. Composition, production and theory. Journal of Archaeological Research 4: 165202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02228880 Google Scholar
Rice, P. 1999. On the origins of pottery. Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory 6: 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022924709609 Google Scholar
Rice, P. 2015. Pottery analysis: a sourcebook. Chicago (IL): University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Roosevelt, A.C. 1995. Early pottery in the Amazon: twenty years of scholarly obscurity, in Barnett, W.K. & Hoopes, J.W. (ed.) The emergence of pottery: technology and innovation in ancient societies: 115–32. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.Google Scholar
Sassaman, K.E. 1993. Early pottery in the Southeast: tradition and innovation in cooking technology. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press.Google Scholar
Sassaman, K.E. 1995. The social contradictions of traditional and innovative cooking technologies in the prehistoric American Southeast, in Barnett, W.K. & Hoopes, J.W. (ed.) The emergence of pottery: technology and innovation in ancient societies: 223–40. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.Google Scholar
Schiffer, M.B. 1990. The influence of surface treatment on heating effectiveness of ceramic vessels. Journal of Archaeological Science 17: 373–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-4403(90)90002-M Google Scholar
Skibo, J.M. 1992. Pottery function: a use-alteration perspective. New York: Plenum. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1179-7 Google Scholar
Skibo, J.M. 2013. Understanding pottery function: a use-alteration perspective. New York: Springer.Google Scholar
Skibo, J.M. 2015. The adoption of pottery in the eastern United States: a performance-based approach, in Walker, W.H. & Skibo, J.M. (ed.) Explorations in behavioral archaeology: 138–55. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press.Google Scholar
Skibo, J.M. & Schiffer, M.B.. 1995. The clay cooking pot: an exploration of women's technology, in Skibo, J.M., Walker, W.H. & Nielsen, A.E. (ed.) Expanding archaeology: 8091. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press.Google Scholar
Skibo, J.M., Martin, T.J., Drake, E.C. & Franzen, J.G.. 2004. Gete Odena: Grand Island's post-Contact occupation at Williams Landing. Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology 29: 167–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/mca.2004.008 Google Scholar
Skibo, J.M., Franzen, J.G. & Drake, E.C.. 2007. Smudge pits and hide smoking revisited: Terminal Woodland/Contact period occupation on the Lake Superior shoreline, in Skibo, J.M., Graves, M.W. & Stark, M.T. (ed.) Archaeological anthropology: perspectives on method and theory: 7292. Tucson: University of Arizona.Google Scholar
Skibo, J.M., Malainey, M.E. & Drake, E.C.. 2009. Stone boiling, fire-cracked rock and nut oil: exploring the origins of pottery making on Grand Island. The Wisconsin Archeologist 90 (1–2): 4764.Google Scholar
Speth, J.D. 2015. When did humans learn to boil? PaleoAnthropology 2015: 5467.Google Scholar
Taché, K. & Craig, O.E.. 2015. Cooperative harvesting of aquatic resources and the beginning of pottery production in north-eastern North America. Antiquity 89: 177–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.15184/aqy.2014.36 Google Scholar
Taché, K. & Hart, J.P.. 2013. Chronometric hygiene of radiocarbon databases for early durable cooking vessel technologies in the northeastern United States. American Antiquity 78: 359–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.7183/0002-7316.78.2.359 Google Scholar
Vitelli, K.D. 1999. ‘Looking up’ at early ceramics in Greece, in Skibo, J.M. & Feinman, G.M. (ed.) Pottery and people: a dynamic interaction: 184–98. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press.Google Scholar
Wang, Y., Zhang, S., Gu, W., Wang, S., He, J., Wu, X., Qu, T., Zhao, J., Chen, Y. & Bar-Yosef, O.. 2015. Lijiagou and the earliest pottery in Henan Province, China. Antiquity 89: 273–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.15184/aqy.2015.2 Google Scholar