Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-7cvxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T06:29:55.042Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

THE IMPACT OF INFLATION RISK ON FINANCIAL PLANNING AND RISK-RETURN PROFILES

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 February 2014

Stefan Graf*
Affiliation:
Institut für Finanz- und Aktuarwissenschaften (ifa), Ulm, Germany
Lena Haertel
Affiliation:
Ulm University, Ulm, Germany E-Mail: lena.haertel@uni-ulm.de
Alexander Kling
Affiliation:
Institut für Finanz- und Aktuarwissenschaften (ifa), Ulm, Germany E-Mail: a.kling@ifa-ulm.de
Jochen Ruß
Affiliation:
Institut für Finanz- und Aktuarwissenschaften (ifa) and Ulm University, Ulm, Germany E-Mail: j.russ@ifa-ulm.de

Abstract

The importance of funded private or occupational old-age provision is expected to increase due to demographic changes and the resulting problems for government-run pay-as-you-go systems. Clients and advisors therefore need reliable methodologies to match offered products with clients' needs and risk appetite. In Graf et al. (2012), the authors have introduced a methodology based on stochastic modeling to properly assess the risk-return profiles — i.e. the probability distribution of future benefits — of various old-age provision products. In this paper, we additionally consider the impact of inflation on the risk-return profile of old-age provision products. In a model with stochastic interest rates, stochastic inflation and equity returns including stochastic equity volatility, we derive risk-return-profiles for various types of existing unit-linked products with and without embedded guarantees and especially focus on the difference between nominal and real returns. We find that typical “rule of thumb” approximations for considering inflation risk are inappropriate and further show that products that are considered particularly safe by practitioners because of nominal guarantees may bear significant inflation risk. Finally, we propose product designs suitable to reduce inflation risk and investigate their risk-return profile in real terms.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © ASTIN Bulletin 2014 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ahlgrim, K.C., D'Arcy, S.P. and Gorvett, R.W. (2005) Modeling financial scenarios: A framework for actuarial profession. Proceedings of the Casualty Actuarial Society, 92, 177238.Google Scholar
Amenc, N., Martellini, L. and Ziemann, V. (2009) Alternative investments for institutional investors, risk budgeting techniques in asset management and asset-liability management. The Journal of Portfolio Management, 35 (4), 94110.Google Scholar
Bauer, D., Kling, A. and Ruß, J. , J. (2008) A universal pricing framework for guaranteed minimum benefits in variable annuities. ASTIN Bulletin, 38 (2), 621651.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beletski, T. and Korn, R. (2006) Optimal investment with inflation-linked products. In Advances in Risk Management (ed. Gregoriou, G.N.), 170190. Hampshire, UK: Palgrave-Mac Millan.Google Scholar
Belgrade, N., Benhamou, E. and Koehler, E. (2004) A market model for inflation. CDC Ixis Capital Markets. Available at: SSRN http://ssrn.com/abstract=576081.Google Scholar
Black, F. and Perold, A.F. (1992) Theory of constant proportion portfolio. Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 16 (3–4), 403426.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brière, M. and Signori, O. (2012) Inflation-hedging portfolios: Economic regimes matter. The Journal of Portfolio Management, 38 (4), 4358.Google Scholar
Corrigan, J., De Weirdt, M., Fang, F. and Lockwodd, D. (2011) Manufacturing Inflation Risk Protection. Institute of Actuaries of Australia. Available at: http://www.actuaries.asn.au/library/events/Conventions/2011/Con2011_Paper_Corrigan.pdfGoogle Scholar
Cox, J.C., Ingersoll, J.E. and Ross, S.A. (1985) A theory of the term structure of interest rates. Econometrica, 53 (2), 385407.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fulli-Lemaire, N. (2012) A Dynamic Inflation Hedging Trading Strategy Using a CPPI. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1978438.Google Scholar
Graf, S., Kling, A. and Ruß, J. (2012) Financial planning and risk-return profiles. European Actuarial Journal, 2 (1), 77104.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heston, S.L. (1993) A closed-form solution for options with stochastic volatility with applications to bond and currency options. The Review of Financial Studies, 6 (2), 327343.Google Scholar
Higham, N.J. (2002) Computing the nearest correlation matrix – a problem from finance. IMA Journal of Numerical Analysis, 22, 329343.Google Scholar
Ibbotson, R.G. and Sinquefield, R.A. (1976) Stocks, bonds, bills, and inflation: Year-by-Year historical returns (1926–1974). The Journal of Business, 49 (1), 1147.Google Scholar
Jarrow, R. and Yildirim, Y. (2003) Pricing treasury inflation protected securities and related derivatives using an HJM Model. Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 38 (2), 337358.Google Scholar
Kerkhof, J. (2005) Inflation derivatives explained markets, products, and pricing. Fixed Income Quantitative Research Lehmann Brothers. Available at http://www.scribd.com/doc/86770535/19601807-Lehman-Brothers-Kerkhof-Inflation-Derivatives-Explained-Markets-Products-and-Pricing.Google Scholar
Kochanski, M. and Karnarski, B. (2011) Solvency capital requirement for hybrid products. European Actuarial Journal, 1 (2), 173198.Google Scholar
Mercurio, F. (2005) Pricing inflation-indexed derivatives. Quantitative Finance, 5 (3), 289301.Google Scholar
Schulz, A. and Stapf, J. (2009) Price discovery on traded inflation expectations: Does the financial crisis matter? Deutsche Bundesbank Disussion Paper Series 1: Economic Studies No 25/2009.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sørensen, M. (1997) Estimating functions for discretely observed diffusions: A review. Lecture Notes-Monograph Series, 32, 305325.Google Scholar
Vasiçek, O. (1977) An equilibrium characterization of the term structure. Journal of Financial Economics, 5, 177188.Google Scholar
Weiyin, F. (2013) Optimal consumption and portfolio under inflation and Markovian switching. Stochastics An International Journal of Probability, 85 (2), 272285.Google Scholar