Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-8bhkd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-11T00:43:30.049Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

From metaphysics to psychophysics and statistics

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 February 2010

Gerd Gigerenzer
Gerd Gigerenzer*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 Electronic mail: giger@midway.uchicago.edu
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Open Peer Commentary
Information
Behavioral and Brain Sciences , Volume 16 , Issue 1 , March 1993 , pp. 139 - 140
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1993

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Anderson, N. H. (1970) Functional measurement and psychophysical judgment. Psychological Review 77:153–70. [aDJM, DJW]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Anderson, N. H. (1972) Cross-talk validation of functional measurement. Perception and Psychophysics 12:389–95. [rDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anderson, N. H. (1975) On the role of context effects in psychophysical judgment. Psychological Review 6:462–82. [DJW]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anderson, N. H. (1981) Foundations of information integration theory. Academic Press. [RDL]Google Scholar
Anderson, N. H. (1982) Methods of information integration theory. Academic Press. [NHA, RDL, DJW]Google Scholar
Anderson, N. H. (1990) Integration psychophysics. In: Psychophysical explorations of mental structures, ed. Geissler, H.-G.. Hogrefe & Huber. [NHA]Google Scholar
Anderson, N. H. (1992) Integration psychophysics and cognition. In: Psychophysical approaches to cognition, ed. Algom, D.. Elsevier. [NHA]Google Scholar
Atkinson, R. C. (1963) A variable sensitivity theory of signal detection. Psychological Review 70:91–106. [DL]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Atkinson, W. H. (1982) A general equation for sensory magnitude. Perception and Psychophysics 31:26–40. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bain, A. (1859/1880) The emotions and the will, 3rd ed. Longmans, Green. [rDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baird, J. C. (1970) A cognitive theory of psychophysics: II. Fechner's law and Stevens' law. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology 11:89–102. [MO]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Baird, J. C. & Noma, E. (1975) Psychophysical study of numbers. 1. Generation of numerical responses. Psychological Research 37:281–97. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baird, J. C. & Noma, E. (1978) Fundamentals of scaling and psychophysics. Wiley. [MO]Google Scholar
Baird, J. C. & Wagner, M. (1991) Transformation theory of size judgment. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception & Performance 17:852–64. [MW]Google ScholarPubMed
Baker, K. E. & Dudek, F. J. (1955) Weight scales from ratio judgments nd comparisons of existent weight scales. Journal of Experimental Psychology 50:291–308. [HER]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Balmer, H. (1977) Albrecht von Holier. Haupt. [O-JG]Google Scholar
Bartlett, F. C. (1932) Remembering: A study in experimental and social psychology. Cambridge University Press (Cambridge). [rDJM]Google Scholar
Bartley, H. S. (1970) The homeostatic and comfort perceptual systems. Journal of Psychology 75:157–62. [GB]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Baxt, N. (1871/1982) On the time necessary for a visual impression to come into consciousness. Psychological Research 44:1–12. (Translated by D. J. Murray.) [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beck, J. (1972) Surface color perception. Cornell University Press. [aDJM]Google Scholar
Bell, E. T. (1939) Men of mathematics. Gollanez. [RAMG]Google Scholar
Berkeley, C. (1709) An essay towards a new theory of vision. Dublin: Pepyat. (Reprinted in [1948] G. Berkeley's works, vol. 1, ed. Luce, A. A. & Jessop, T. E.. Nelson.) [O-JG]Google Scholar
Bernoulli, (1837) (See Fechner, 1860). [CB]Google Scholar
Birch, T. (1756/1968) The history of the Royal Society of London, vol. 3. Jonson. [O-JG]Google Scholar
Birnbaum, M. H. (1974) Using contextual effects to derive psychophysical laws. Perception and Psychophysics 15:89–96. [DJW]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Birnbaum, M. H. (1980) Comparison of two theories of “ratio” and “difference” judgments. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 109:304–19. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Birnbaum, M. H. (1989) Should contextual effects in human judgment be avoided? Contemporary Psychology 37:21–23. [GG]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bimbaum, M. H. & Veit, C. T. (1974) Scale convergence as a criterion for rescaling: Information integration with difference, ratio and averaging tasks. Perception and Psychophysics 15:7–15. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Björkman, M. (1958) Some relationships between psychophysical parameters. Reports from the Psychological Laboratory, University of Stockholm, No. 65. [MO]Google Scholar
Björkman, M. (1960) Variability data and direct quantitative judgment for scaling subjective magnitude. Reports from the Psychological Laboratory, University of Stockholm, No. 78. [MO]Google Scholar
Björkman, M. & Ekman, G. (1962) Experimentalpsykologiska metoder [Methods in experimental psychology], Almqvist & Wiksell. [GB]Google Scholar
Blackwell, H. R. (1963) Neural theories of simple visual discriminations. Journal of the Optical Society of America 53:129–60. [DL]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Blackwell, H. R., Pritchard, B. S. & Ohmart, T. G. (1954) Automatic apparatus for stimulus presentation and recording in visual threshold experiments. Journal of the Optical Society of America 44:322–66. [DL]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bonne, C. (1989) How to bridge the gap between magnitude estimation and reaction time. In: Fechner Day 90. Proceedings of the Sixth Annual Meeting of the International Society of Psychophysics, ed. Muller, F.. Institute für Psychologie Universität Wuerzburg. [ANL]Google Scholar
Borg, G. (1961) Interindividual scaling and perception of muscular force. Kungliga Fysiografiska sallskapets i Lund förhandlingar 31:117–25. [GB]Google Scholar
Borg, G. (1962) Physical performance and perceived exertion. Studia Psychologica et Paedogogica, Series altera, Investigationes XI. Gleerup, Lund. [GB]Google Scholar
Borg, G. (1978) Subjective effort in relation to physical performance and working capacity. In: Psychology: From research to practice, ed. Pick, H. L. et al. Plenum. [GB]Google Scholar
Borg, G. (1982) A category scale with ratio properties for intermodal and interindividual comparisons. In: Psychophysical judgment and the process of perception, ed. Geissler, H. G. & Petzold, P.. VEB Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften. [GB]Google Scholar
Borg, G. (1990) A general model for interindividual comparison. In: Recent trends in theoretical psychology, vol. 2, ed. Baker, W. J., Hyland, M. E., van Hezewijk, R. & Terwee, S.. Springer-Verlag. [GB]Google Scholar
Borg, G., Burg, M. van den, Hassmén, P., Kaijser, L. & Tanaka, S. (1987) Relationships between perceived exertion, HR and HLa in cycling, running and walking. Scandinavian Journal of Sports Sciences 9:69–77. [GB]Google Scholar
Borg, C., Diamant, H., Ström, L. & Zotterman, V. (1967) The relation between neural and perceptual intensity: A comparative study on the neural and psychophysical response to taste stimuli. Journal of Physiology 192:13–20. [GB]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Boring, E. G. (1917) A chart of the psychometric function. American Journal of Psychology 28:465–70. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boring, E. G. (1942) Sensation and perception in the history of experimental psychology. Appleton-Century-Crofts. [rDJM]Google Scholar
Boring, E. G. (1929) A history of experimental psychology. Appleton-Century. [GG]Google Scholar
Bradley, J. (1971) Mach's philosophy of science. Athlone Press. [JVB]Google Scholar
Brentano, F. (1874/1973) Psychology from an empirical standpoint. (Translated by Rancurello, A. C., Terrell, D. B. & McAlister, L. L.). Routledge & Kegan Paul. [aDJM]Google Scholar
Brooks, G. P. & Aalto, S. K. (1981) The rise and fall of moral algebra: Frances Hutcheson and the mathematization of psychology. Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences 17:343–56. [rDJM]3.0.CO;2-8>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brown, J. L. & Mueller, C. G. (1965) Brightness discrimination and brightness contrast. In: Vision and visual perception, ed. Graham, C.. Wiley. [aDJM]Google Scholar
Brown, T. (1820/1830) Lectures on the philosophy of the human mind. William Tait. [rDJM]Google Scholar
Brunswik, E. (1934) Wahrnehmung und Cegenstandswelt: Grundlegung einer Psychologie vom Gegenstand her. Deuticke. [GG]Google Scholar
Brunswik, E. (1956) Perception and the representatice design of psychological experiments. University of California Press. [GRL]Google Scholar
Buf, J. M. H. du (1987) Spatial characteristics of brightness and apparentcontrast perception. Ph.D. dissertation, Technical University of Eindhoven, Netherlands. [rDJM]Google Scholar
Bühler, W. K. (1987) Gauss, eine biographische Studie. Springer-Verlag. [RAMC]Google Scholar
Büttner, U. & Grüsser, O.-J. (1968) Quantitative Analyse der Erregungssummation im receptiven Feld retinaler Neurone der Katze. Kybernetik 4:81–94. [O-JG]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Campbell, N. R. (1920) Physics: The elements. Cambridge University Press. (Reprinted in 1957 as Foundations of science: The philosophy of theory and experiments. Dover.) [RDL]Google Scholar
Carnap, R. (1945) The two concepts of probability. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 5:513–32. [MH]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cattell, J. M. (1893) On errors of observation. American Journal of Psychology 5:285–93. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cattell, J. M. (1902) The time of perception as a measure of differences in intensity. Philosophische Studien 19:63–68. (Reprinted in [1947] James McKeen Cattell: Man of Science, vol. 1. Science Press.) [WMP]Google Scholar
Chocholle, R. (1940) Variations des temps de réaction auditifs en function de l'intensité à diverses fréquences. L'Année Psychologique 41:65–124. [rDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Churchland, P. M. (1990) Matter and consciousness. MIT Press. [GB]Google Scholar
Coombs, C. H. (1964) A theory of data. Wiley. [WMP]Google Scholar
Cornsweet, T. N. (1970) Visual perception. Academic Press. [aDJM]Google Scholar
Corso, J. F. (1963) A theoretico-historical review of the threshold concept. Psychological Bulletin 60:356–70. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Corso, J. F. (1967) The experimental psychology of sensory behavior. Holt, Rinehart & Winston. [aDJM]Google Scholar
Cross, D. V. & Rotkin, L. (1975) The relation between size and apparent heaviness. Perception and Psychophysics 18:79–87. [HER]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Curry, R. E., Nagel, C. D. & Gai, E. G. (1977) Decision behavior with changing signal strengths. Journal of Mathematical Psychology 15:46–69. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dale, A. I. (1991) A history of inverse probability. Springer-Verlag. [RAMG]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Daston, L. (1988) Classical probability in the Enlightenment. Princeton University Press. [GG]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
David, H. A. (1969) The method of paired comparisons. Griffin. [SL]Google Scholar
Dawson, W. E. & Miller, M. E. (1978) Inverse attribute functions and the proposed modifications of the power law. Perception and Psychophysics 24:457–65. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
de Lange, H. (1958) Research into the dynamic nature of the human foveacortex systems with intermittent and modulated light. I. Attenuation characteristies with white and colored lights. Journal of the Optical Society of America 48:777–84. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Delboeuf, J. R. L. (1873) Etude psychophysique: Recherches theoriques et expérimentales sur la mesure des sensations et spécialement des sensations de lumière et de fatigue. Mémoires couronnés et autres mémoires publiés par l'Academie Royale des Sciences, des Lettres, et des Beaux-arts de Belgique, vol. 23. Brussels: Hayez. [aDJM]Google Scholar
Delboeuf, J. R. L. (1883) Examen critique de la loi psychophysique: Sa base et sa signification: Hering contre Fechner: Fechner contre ses adversaires. Librairie Germer Baillière et cie. [rDJM]Google Scholar
Delezenne, C. E. J. (1827) Sur les valeurs numeriques des notes de la gamme. Recueil des travaux de la Société des Sciences, de l'Agriculture et des Arts de Lille 1–56. [rDJM]Google Scholar
Diamond, A. L. (1953) Foveal simultaneous brightness contrast as a function of inducing- and test-field luminances. Journal of Experimental Psychology 45:304–14. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Drobisch, M. W. (1850/1972) Erste Crundlehren der mathematischen Psychologie E. J. Bonset. [rDJM]Google Scholar
Drobisch, M. W. (1861) Neue Ableit der Grundformeln von Fechner's Psychophysik. Berichte über die Verhandlungen der Königlich Sächsischen Gesselschaft der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 13. [RAMG]Google Scholar
Dusoir, A. E. (1975) Treatment of bias in detection and recognition models: A review. Perception and Psychophysics 17:167–78. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dusoir, A. E. (1983) Isobias curves in some detection tasks. Perception and Psychophysics 33:403–12. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ebbinghaus, H. (1885/1964) Über des Gedächtnis (Translated by Ruger, H. A. & Bussenius, C. E.: Memory.) Dover. [rDJM]Google Scholar
Egan, J. P. (1958) Recognition memory and the operating characteristic (Technical Note). Indiana University Hearing and Communication Laboratory. [aDJM]Google Scholar
Egan, J. P. (1975) Signal detection theory and ROC analysis. Academic Press. [rDJM]Google Scholar
Ehrenfels, C. von (1890) Über Gestaltqualitäten. Vierteljahrschrift für wissenschaftliche Philosophie und Soziologie 14:249–92. [rDJM]Google Scholar
Ehrlich, P. (1982) Negative, infinite and hotter than infinite temperatures. Synthese 50:233–77. [JVB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eisler, H. & Montgomery, H. (1974) On theoretical and realizable ideal conditions in psychophysics: Magnitude and category scales and their relation. Perception and Psychophysics 16:157–68. [MO]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ekman, C. (1956) Discriminal sensitivity on the subjective continuum. Acta Psychologica 12:233–43. [arDJM, MO]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ekman, C. (1959) Weber's law and related functions. Journal of Psychology 47:343–52. [aDJM, MO]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ekman, G. & Künnapas, T. M. (1957) Subjective dispersion and the Weber fraction. Reports from the Psychological Laboratory, University of Stockholm, No. 41. [rDJM, MO]Google Scholar
Ellis, B. (1967) Measurement. In: Encyclopedia of philosophy, vol. 5, ed. Edwards, P.. Macmillan. [MH]Google Scholar
Ellis, B. (1968) Basic concepts of measurement. Cambridge University Press (Cambridge). [JVB]Google Scholar
Engen, T. & Tulunay, U. (1957) Some sources of error in half-heaviness judgments. Journal of Experimental Psychology 54:208–12. [rDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Eriksen, C. W. (1966) Temporal luminance summation effects in backward and forward masking. Perception and Psychophysics 1:87–92. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Falmagne, J.-C. (1985) Elements of psychophysical theory. Oxford University Press. [aDJM]Google Scholar
Falmagne, J.-C. (1986) Psychophysical measurement and theory. In: Handbook of perception and human performance, vol. 1, ed. Boff, K. R., Kaufman, L. & Thomas, J. P.. Wiley. [aDJM]Google Scholar
Fechner, G. T. (1848) Nanna oder über das Seelenleben der Pflanzen. Leipzig: Voss. [GG]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fechner, G. T. (1851) Zend-Avesta: Oder über die Dinge des Himmels und des Jenseits. Leipzig: Voss. [aDJM, GC, ANL]Google Scholar
Fechner, G. T. (1858) Das psychische Mass. Zeitschrift für Philosophic und philosophische Kritik 32:1–24. [MH]Google Scholar
Fechner, G. T. (1860/1964) Elemente der Psychophysik, vols. 1 and 2. Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel. (Reprinted: [1964] E. J. Bonset.) [aDJM, GB, GG, O-JG, MH, SL]Google Scholar
Fechner, G. T. (1860/1966) Elements of psychophysics, vol. 1, ed. Boring, E. G. & Howes, D. H.. (Translated by Adler, H..) Holt, Rinehart & Winston. [arDJM, SL, DAS]Google Scholar
Fechner, G. T. (1866) Das Büchlein vom Leben nach dem Tode, 2nd ed. Leipzig: Voss. (Originally published in 1836 using the pseudonym Dr. Mises.) [GG]Google Scholar
Fechner, G. T. (1876) Vorschule der Aesthetik. Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel. [rDJM]Google Scholar
Fechner, G. T. (1877) In Sachen der Psychophysik. Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel. [aDJM, MH, LEK]Google Scholar
Fechner, G. T. (1882) Revision der Hauptpuncte der Psychophysik. Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel. [aDJM, MH]Google Scholar
Fechner, G. T. (1887) Ueber die psychischen Massprincipien und das Weber'sche Gesetz. Philosophische Studien 4:161–230. [arDJM, MH]Google Scholar
Fechner, G. T. (1897) Kollektivmasslehre, ed. Lipps, G. F.. Leipzig: W. Engelmann. [aDJM, GG]Google Scholar
Fechner, G. T. (1987a) Outline of a new principle of mathematical psychology (1851). (Translated and edited by Eckart Scheerer.) Psychological Research 49:203–7. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fechner, G. T. (1987b) My own viewpoint on mental measurement (1887). (Translated and edited by Eckart Scheerer.) Psychological Research 49:213–19. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Feng, A. S., Hall, J. C. & Gooler, D. M. (1990) Neural basis of sound pattern recognition in anurans. Progress in Neurobiology 34:313–29. [SH]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ferguson, A., Meyers, C. S., Bartlett, R. J., Banister, H., Bartlett, F. C. et al. (1940) Quantitative estimates of sensory events. (Final report of the committee appointed to consider and report upon the possibility of quantitative estimates of sensory events.) British Association for the Advancement of Science 2:331–49. [aDJM, GAH, JVB]Google Scholar
Fisher, R. A. (1922) On the mathematical foundations of theoretical statistics. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 222A:309–68. [DL]Google Scholar
Fisher, R. A. (1935) The design of experiments. Oliver & Boyd. [GG]Google Scholar
Fodor, J. A. (1968) Psychological explanation. Random House. [MH]Google Scholar
Foerster, M., Grind, W. van de & Grüsser, O.-J. (1977) The response of cat horizontal cells to flicker stimuli of different area, intensity and frequency. Experimental Brain Research 29:367–85. [O-JG]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Foley, J. M. & Legge, G. E. (1981) Contrast detection and near-threshold discrimination in human vision. Vision Research 21:1041–53. [DL]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Forbes, E. G. (1971) Tobias Mayer's opera inedita. The first translation of the Lichtenberg edition of 1775. Macmillan. [O-JG]Google Scholar
Forbes, E. G. (1972) The unpublished writings of Tobias Mayer. 3 vols. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. [OJG]Google Scholar
Forbes, E. G. (1980) Tobias Mayer (1723–1762): Pioneer of enlightened sciences in Cermany . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. [O-JG]Google Scholar
Forrin, B. & Cunningham, K. (1973) Recognition time and serial position of probed item in short-term memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology 99:272–79. [rDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Foss, C. E., Nickerson, D. & Cranville, W. C. (1944) Analysis of the Oswald color system. Journal of the Optical Society of America 34:361–81. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Furman, G. G. (1965) Comparison of models for subtractive and shunting lateral inhibition in receptor-neuron fields. Kybernetik 2:257–74. [O-JG]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gamau, C. (1811) Erinnerungen an Lichtenbergs Vorlesungen über Erxlebens Anfangsgründe der Naturlehre, vol. 2. Wien: Geistinger. [O-JG]Google Scholar
Garner, W. R. (1954) A technique and a scale for loudness measurement. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 26:73–88. [DJW]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garner, W. R. (1962) Uncertainty and structure as psychological concepts. Wiley. [aDJM]Google Scholar
Garner, W. R. (1974) The processing of information and structure. Erlbaum. [SH]Google Scholar
Gauss, C. F. (1809) Theoria motus corporum coelestium. Hamburg: Certhes & Besser. [SL]Google Scholar
Gauss, C. F. (1821/1880) Theoria combinationis observationum erroribus minimis obnoxiae, pars prior. In: Carl Friedrich Gauss Werke, vol. 4. Königlichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen. [SL]Google Scholar
Geissler, H.-G. (1990) Foundations of quantized processing. In: Psychophysical explorations of mental structures, ed. Geissler, H.-G.. Hogrefe & Huber. [ANL]Google Scholar
Geldard, F. A. (1972) The human senses, 2nd ed. Wiley. [HER]Google Scholar
Gescheider, G. A. (1976) Psychophysics: Method and theory. Erlbaum. [aDJM, HER]Google Scholar
Gescheider, G. A. (1984) Psychophysics: Method, theory and application, 2nd ed. Erlbaum. [SH, MO]Google Scholar
Gibson, J. J. (1979) The ecological approach to visual perception. Houghton Mifflin. [SH]Google Scholar
Gigerenzer, G. & Murray, D. J. (1987) Cognition as intuitive statistics. Erlbaum. [aDJM, GG]Google Scholar
Gilchrist, A. L. (1980) When does perceived brightness depend on perceived spatial arrangement? Perception and Psychophysics 28:527–38. [arDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Göldner, K. (1983) Mathematische Grundlagen der Systemanalyse, vol. 2. Verlag Harri Deutsch. [RAMG]Google Scholar
Graham, N. (1977) Visual detection of aperiodic spatial stimuli by probability summation among narrowband channels. Vision Research 17:637–52. [DL]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Graham, N. (1989) Visual pattern analyzers. Oxford University Press. [PW]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Green, D. M. & Swets, J. A. (1966) Signal detection theory and psychophysics. Wiley. [arDJM, DL]Google Scholar
Gregson, R. A. M. (1988) Nonlinear psychophysical dynamics. Erlbaum. [RAMG]Google Scholar
Gregson, R. A. M. (1991) Dead men tell odd simple tales! Behavioral and Brain Sciences 14:187–88. [aDJM, LEK]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gregson, R. A. M. (1992) n-Dimensional nonlinear psychophysics. Erlbaum. [RAMG]Google Scholar
Grüsser, O.-J. (1979) Cat ganglion-cell receptive fields and the role of horizontal cells in their generation. In: The neurosciences. Fourth Study Program, ed. Schmitt, F. O. & Worden, F. G.. MIT Press. [O-JG]Google Scholar
Grüsser, O.-J. (1989) Quantitative visual psychophysics during the period of European enlightenment. The studies of the astronomer and mathematician Tobias Mayer (1723–1762) on visual acuity and colour perception. Documenta Ophthalmologica 71:93–111. [O-JG]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grüsser, O.-J., Schaible, D. & Vierkant-Glathe, J. (1970) A quantitative analysis of the spatial summation of excitation within the receptive field centers of retinal neurons. Pflügers Achiv der gesamten Physiologie 319;101–21. [O-JG]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Guilford, J. P. (1936) Psychometric methods. McGraw-Hill. [GB]Google Scholar
Gundlach, H. (1988a) Fechner scholarship. In: G. T. Fechner and psychology, ed. Brozek, J. & Gundlach, H.. Passavia University Press. [HG]Google Scholar
Gundlach, H. (1988b) Index psychophysicus. Passavia University Press. [HG]Google Scholar
Gundlach, H. (1992) Entstehung und Gegenstand der Psychophysik. (Formation and object of psychophysics.) Springer-Verlag, in press. [HG]Google Scholar
Haber, R. N. (1983) The impending demise of the icon: A critique of the concept of iconic storage in visual information processing. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 6:1–11. [rDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haller, A. von (1759) Elementa physiologiae corporis humani. Tomus quintus. Sensus externi interni. Lausanne: Grasset. [O-JG]Google Scholar
Haller, A. von (1768) Anfangsgründe der Phisiologie des menschlichen Körpcers, vol. 5. (Translated by Hallen, J. S..) Berlin: Voss. [O-JG]Google Scholar
Harnad, S., ed. (1987) Categorical perception: The groundwork of cognition. Cambridge University Press. [aDJM]Google Scholar
Harper, R. & Stevens, S. S. (1948) A psychological scale of weight and a formula for its derivation. American Journal of Psychology 61:343–51. [MO]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hartley, D. (1967) Thoughts about the human being, his duty and trust in Good. In: English materialistic scientists of the eighteenth century. Academy of the Pedagogical Sciences of USSR (in Russian). [ANL]Google Scholar
Harvey, O. J. & Campbell, D. T. (1963) Judgments of weight as affected by adaptation range, adaptation duration, magnitude of unlabelled anchor, and judgmental language. Journal of Experimental Psychology 65:12–21. [rDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hecht, S. (1928) The relation between visual acuity and illumination. Journal of General Physiology 11:255–81. [O-JG]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Heidelberger, M. (1986) Zur Philosophie der Messung im 19. Jahrhundert. In: Die historische Metrologie in den Wissenschaften, ed. Witthöft, H. et al. Scripta Mercaturae Verlag. [MH]Google Scholar
Heidelberger, M. (1987) Fechner's indeterminism: From freedom to laws of chance. In: The probabilistic revolution, vol. 1, Ideas in History, ed. Krüger, L., Daston, L. J. & Heidelberger, M.. MIT Press. [arDJM, GG]Google Scholar
Heidelberger, M. (1988) Fechner's Leib-Seele-Theorie. In: G. T. Fechner and psychology, ed. Brozek, J. & Gundlach, H.. Passavia Universitätsverlag. [MH]Google Scholar
Heidelberger, M. (1993a) Die innere Seite der Natur: Gustav Theodor Fechners wissenschaftlich-philosophische Weltauffassung. Vittorio Klostermann (in press). [arDJM, MH]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heidelberger, M. (1993b) Gustav Theodor Fechner's conception of the unity of nature and mind. In: Romantic sciences and unity of knowledge: Science 1790–1840, ed. Bossi, M. & Poggi, S.. Kluwer (in press). [MH]Google Scholar
Heinemann, E. G. (1955) Simultaneous brightness induction as a function of inducing- and test-field luminances. Journal of Experimental Psychology 50:89–96. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Heller, O. (1990) Scaling and orientation. In: Fechner Day 90 – Proceedings of the Sixth Annual Meeting of the International Society for Psychophysics, ed. F., Müller & F. R. G. Würaburg. [GB]Google Scholar
Helmholtz, H. von (1856–1866/1962) Treatise on physiological optics. (Translated by Southall, J. P. C..) Dover. [aDJM]Google Scholar
Helmholtz, H. von (1866) Handbuch der physiologischen Optik. Leipzig: Voss. [O-JG]Google Scholar
Helmholtz, H. von (1887/1921) Zählen und Messen, erkenntnistheoretisch betrachtet. In: Schriften zur Erkenntnistheorie, ed. Hertz, P. & Schlick, M.. Julius Springer. [MH]Google Scholar
Henmon, V. A. C. (1906) The time of perception as a measure of differences in sensation. Archives of Philosophy, Psychology and Scientific Methods 8:1–75. [WMP]Google Scholar
Herbart, J. F. (1812) Psychologische Untersuchung ueber die Staerke einer gegebenen Vorstellung, als Function ihrer Dauer betrachtet. In: Johann Friderich Herbart's Schriften zur Psychologic, Dritter Theil, ed. Hartenstein, G. (1989). Leipzig: Voss. [rDJM, RAMG]Google Scholar
Herbart, J. F. (1816/1891) Lehrbuch der Psychologie (Translated by Smith, M. K. as: A textbook in psychology.) D. Appleton. [rDJM]Google Scholar
Herbart, J. F. (1824/1892) Psychologie als Wissenschaft neu gegründet auf Erfahrung Metaphysik und Mathematik. In: J. F. Herbart's sämtliche Werke Part 1 (vol. 5) & Part 2 (vol. 6) ed. Kehrbach, K.. Langensalza: H. Beyer & Söhne. [rDJM]Google Scholar
Hering, E. (1874) Zur Lehre vom Lichtsinn V. Grundzüge einer Theorie des Lichtsinnes. Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien . Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe, Abth. III 69:85–104. [O-JG]Google Scholar
Hering, E. (1875) Zur Lehre von der Beziehung zwischen Leib und Seele. I. Mittheilung. Über Fechner's psychophysisches Gesetz. Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse. Abth. III 72:310–48. [aDJM, MH]Google Scholar
Hering, E. (1920) Grundzüge der Lehre vom Lichtsinn. Springer. [O-JG]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hering, E. (1931) Wissenschaftliche Abhandlungen, 2 vols. Thiem. [O-JG]Google Scholar
Hess, C. & Pretori, H. (1894) Messende Untersuchungen über die Gesetzmässingkeit des simultanen Helligkeits-Contrastes. Archiv für Ophthalmologie 40:1–27. (Translated [1969] by H. R. Flock & J. H. Tenney). Technical Report FLP.-l, York University. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hick, W. E. (1952) On the rate of gain of information. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 4:11–26. [rDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoffman, W. C. & Dodwell, P. C. (1985) Geometric psychology generates the visual Gestalt. Canadian Journal of Psychology 39:491–528. [rDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hooke, R. (1705) The posthumous works. London: Smith & Walford. [O-JG]Google Scholar
Hornstein, G. A. (1988) Quantifying psychological phenomena: Debates, dilemmas, and implications. In: The rise of experimentation in American psychology, ed. Morawski, J. G.. Yale University Press. [GAH]Google Scholar
Houtsma, A. J. M., Durlach, N. I. & Braida, L. D. (1980) Intensity perception XI. Experimental results on the relation of intensity resolution to loudness matching. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 68:807–13. [LEK]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hueck, A. (1840) Über die Grenzen des Sehvermögens. Müllers Archiv für Anatomic, Physiologie und Wissenschaftliche Medizin 1840:82–97. [O-JG]Google Scholar
Hurvich, L. & Jameson, D. (1966) The perception of brightness and darkness. Allyn & Bacon. [aDJM]Google Scholar
Illich, I. (1985) H2O and the waters of forgetfulness. Heyday Books. [DAS]Google Scholar
Indow, T. (1989) Psychophysics: On the possibility of another approach. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 12:276–77. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jackson, S. W. (1986) Melancholia and depression from Hippocratic times to modern times. Yale University Press. [rDJM]Google Scholar
James, W. (1890) Principles of psychology. Holt, Rinehart & Winston. (Reprint 1950, Dover) [rDJM, DAS, MW]Google Scholar
James, W. (1911) The will to believe and other essays in popular philosophy. Longman, Green. [LEM]Google Scholar
Jameson, D. & Hurvich, L. M. (1961) Complexities of perceived brightness. Science 133:174–79. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jarvilehto, T. (1981) A new combination of methods for the study of neural mechanisms of mental activity. In: Soviet-Finnish symposium on psychophysiology, Moscow. Finnish-Soviet Committee on Scientific Technical Cooperation. [ANL]Google Scholar
Jastrow, J. (1888) A critique of psycho-physic methods. American Journal of Psychology 1:271–309. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jesteadt, W., Wier, C. C. & Green, D. M. (1977) Intensity discrimination as a function of frequency and sensation level. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 61:169–77. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jones, L. A. (1986) Perception of force and weight: Theory and research. Psychological Bulletin 100:29–42. [HER]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kaas, J. (1989) The segregation of function in the nervous system: Why do sensory systems have so many subdivisions? In: Contributions to sensory physiology, vol. 7, ed. Neff, W. D.. Academic Press. [SH]Google Scholar
Kaestner, A. G. (1762) Elogium Tobiae Mayeri. Gottingen: Schulz & Rosenbusch. [O-JG]Google Scholar
Katz, D. (1925/1989) The world of touch. (Translated and ed. by Krueger, L. E..) Erlbaum. [aDJM]Google Scholar
Kim, D. O., Chang, S. O. & Sirianni, J. G. (1980) A population study of auditory nerve fibers in unanesthetized decerebrate cats: Response to pure tones. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 87(4):1648–55. [SH]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kimchi, R. (1992) Primacy of holistic processing and global/local paradigm: A critical review. Psychological Bulletin 112:24–38. [rDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Knibestöl, M. & Vallbo, A. B. (1980) Intensity of sensation related to activity of slowly adapting mechanoreceptive units in the human hand. Journal of Physiology 300:251–67. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Köhler, A. (1886) Ueber die hauptsächlichsten Versuche einer mathematischen Formulirung des psychophysischen Gesetzes von Weber. Philosophische Studien 3:572–642. [aDJM]Google Scholar
Köhler, W. (1969) The task of Cestalt psychology. Princeton University Press. [rDJM]Google Scholar
König, A. (1897) Die Abhängigkeit der Sehschärfe von der Beleuchtungsintensität. Berichte der Königlich Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften 1897:559–75. [O-JG]Google Scholar
Krantz, D. H. (1969) Threshold theories of signal detection. Psychological Review 76:308–24. [aDJM, DL]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Krantz, D. H. (1972) Visual scaling. In: Visual psychophysics, vol. 7/4, Handbook of sensory physiology, ed. Jamson, D. & Hurwich, L. E.. Springer. [O-JG]Google Scholar
Krantz, D. H., Luce, R. D., Suppes, P. & Tversky, A. (1971) Foundations of measurement, vol. 1. Academic Press. [RDL, WMP]Google Scholar
Kries, J. von (1882) Über die Messung intensiver Grössen und über das sogenannte psychophysische Gesetz. Vierteljahrsschrift für wissenschaftliche Philosophic 6:257–94. [arDJM, MH, JVB]Google Scholar
Kries, J. von (1886) Prinzipien der Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung. Mohr. [MH]Google Scholar
Krueger, L. E. (1989a) Reconciling Fechner and Stevens: Toward a unified psychophysical law. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 12:251–320. [aDJM, JVB, LEK, DJW]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krueger, L. E. (1989r) Psychophysical law: Keep it simple. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 12:299–320. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krueger, L. E. (1991) Psychophysical law: Taming the cognitive and chaotic aspects. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 14:193–204. [aDJM, LEK]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kruskal, J. B. (1964) Nonmetric multidimensional scaling: A numerical method. Psychometrika 29:115–29. [WMP]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kuhl, P. K., Williams, K. S., Lacerda, F., Stevens, K. N. & Lindblom, B. (1992) Linguistic experience alters phonetic perception in infants by 6 months of age. Science 255(5044):606–08. [SH]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Külpe, O. (1893) Grundriss der Psychologie Herzil. [RAMG]Google Scholar
LaMettrie, J. O. (1751) L'homme machine. English translation in: Man a machine [1912], ed. Bussey, G. C.. Open Court. [O-JC]Google Scholar
Laming, D. (1984) The relativity of “absolute” judgments. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology 37:152–83. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Laming, D. (1985) Some principles of sensory analysis. Psychological Review 92:462–85. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Laming, D. (1986) Sensory analysis. Academic Press. [aDJM, DL]Google Scholar
Laming, D. (1988) A reexamination of Sensory analysis . Behavioral and Brain Sciences 11:316–39. [rDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Laming, D. (1989) Experimental evidence for Fechner's and Stevens's Laws. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 12:277–81. [aDJM, RT])CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Laming, D. (1991) Reconciling Fechner and Stevens? Behavioral and Brain Sciences 14:188–91. [aDJM, MO]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leary, D. E. (1980) The historical foundation of Herbart's mathematization of psychology. Journal of the Behavioral Sciences 16:150–63. [rDJM]Google ScholarPubMed
Lebedev, A. N. (1990) Cyclic neural codes of human memory and some quantitative regularities in experimental psychology. In: Psychophysical explorations of mental structures, ed. Geissler, H.-G.. Hogrefe & Huber. [ANL]Google Scholar
Lebedev, A. N. & Myshkin, I. Yu. (1989) Contemporary problems of inner psychophysics. In: Fechner Day 90. Proceedings of the Sixth Annual Meeting of the International Society of Psychophysics, ed. Muller, F.. Universität Wuerzburg. [ANL]Google Scholar
Legge, G. E. (1978) Sustained and transient mechanisms in human vision: Temporal and spatial properties. Vision Research 18:69–81. [DL]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Legge, G. E. & Foley, J. M. (1980) Contrast masking in human vision. Journal of the Optical Society of America 70:1458–71. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lehmann, A. (1886) Ueber die Anwendung der Methode der mittleren Abstufungen auf den Lichtsinn. Philosophische Studien 3:497–533. [aDJM]Google Scholar
Lewin, K. (1936) Principles of topological psychology. McGraw-Hill. [LEM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Libet, B., Alberts, W. W., Wright, E. W. Jr. & Feinstein, B. (1967) Responses of human somatosensory cortex to stimuli below threshold for consciousness. Science 158:1597–1600. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lichtenberg, G. C. (1775) Tobiae Mayeri opera inedita I. Gottingen: Vandenhoeck. [O-JG]Google Scholar
Lim, J. S., Rabinowitz, W. M., Braida, L. D. & Durlach, N. I. (1977) Intensity perception VIII. Loudness comparisons between different types of stimuli. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 62:1256–67. Erratum: (1978) 63:1233. [LEK]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Link, S. W. (1992) The wave theory of difference and similarity. Erlbaum. [rDJM, SL]Google Scholar
Lipetz, L. E. (1971) The relation of physiological and psychological aspects of sensory intensity. In: Handbook of sensory physiology, vol. 1, ed. Loewenstein, W. R.. Springer-Verlag. [arDJM, LEK]Google Scholar
Lockhead, G. R. (1992) Psychophysical scaling: Judgments of attributes or objects? Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15:543–601. [GRL]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lotze, H. (1887) Metaphysic, vol. 2 (Translated by Bosanquet, B.). Clarendon Press. [DAS]Google Scholar
Lowrie, W., trans, and ed. (1946) Religion of a Scientist: Selections from Gustav Th. Fechner. Pantheon Books. [rDJM]Google Scholar
Luce, R. D. (1959) On the possible psychophysical laws. Psychological Review 66:81–95. [DJW]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Luce, R. D. (1963) A threshold theory for simple detection experiments. Psychological Review 70:61–79. [aDJM, DL]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Luce, R. D. (1972) What sort of measurement is psychophysical measurement? American Psychologist 27:96–106. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Luce, R. D. (1977) A note on sums of power functions. Journal of Mathematical Psychology 16:91–93. [RDL]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Luce, R. D. (1986) Response times: Their role in inferring elementary mental organization. Oxford University Press. [rDJM, RDL]Google Scholar
Luce, R. D. & Edwards, W. (1958) The derivation of subjective scales from just noticeable differences. Psychological Review 65:222–37. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Luce, R. D., Krantz, D. H., Suppes, P. & Tversky, A. (1990) Foundations of measurement, vol. 3. Academic Press. [RDL]Google Scholar
Luce, R. D. & Narens, L. (1987) Measurement scales on the continuum. Science 235:1527–32. [aDJM, DJW]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mach, E. (1866) Über den psychologischen Effect raümlich vertheilter Lichtreize. Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschafliche Klasse, Abth II. 54:131–44. [rDJM]Google Scholar
Mach, E. (1868) Über die physiologische Wirkung räumlich vertheilter Lichtreize. Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, in Wien. Mathematisch-Saturwissenschaftliche Klasse Abth II 57:11–19. [O-JG, MH]Google Scholar
Mach, E. (1883/1960) The science of mechanics: A critical & historical account of its development, 6th ed. (after the 9th German edition). Open Court. [JVB]Google Scholar
Mach, E. (1886/1914) The analysis of sensations and the relation of the physical to the psychical. (Translated by Williams, C. M. & Waterlow, S..) Open Court. [aDJM]Google Scholar
Mach, E. (1886/1919) Die Analyse der Empfindungen und des Verhältnis des Physischen zum Psychischen, 8th ed. Gustav Fischer. [JVB]Google Scholar
Mach, E. (1886/1922) Die Analyse der Empfindungen und das Verhältnis des Physischen zum Psychischen, 9th ed. Gustav Fischer. [MH]Google Scholar
Mach, E. (1891) Some questions of psycho-physics. The Monist 1:393–400. [rDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mach, E. (1896/1919) Die Principien der Wärmelehre. Historisch-kritisch entwickelt, 3rd ed. Johann Ambrosius Barth. [MH]Google Scholar
Macmillan, N. A. (1987) Beyond the categorical/continuous distinction: A psychophysical approach to processing modes. In: Categorical Perception, ed. Harnad, S.. Cambridge University Press. [aDJM]Google Scholar
Macmillan, N. A. & Creelman, C. D. (1991) Detection theory: A user's guide. Cambridge University Press. [arDJM, PW]Google Scholar
Marcel, A. J. (1983) Conscious and unconscious perception: Experiments on visual masking and word recognition. Cognitive Psychology 15:197–237. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Markowitz, J. & Swets, J. A. (1967) Factors affecting the slope of empirical ROC curves: Comparison of binary and rating responses. Perception and Psychophysics 2:91–150. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marks, L. E. (1974) On scales of sensation: Prolegomena to any future psychophysics that will be able to come forth as science. Perception and Psychophysics 16:358–76. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marks, L. E. (1979) A theory of loudness and loudness judgments. Psychological Review 86:256–85. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marks, L. E., Borg, G. & Ljunggren, G. (1983) Individual differences in perceived exertion assessed by two new methods. Perception and Psychophysics 34:280–88. [GB]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marks, L. E., Szczesiul, R. & Ohlott, P. (1986) On the cross-modal perception of intensity. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 12:517–34. [aDJM]Google ScholarPubMed
Marshall, M. E. (1982) Physics, metaphysics and Fechner's psychophysies. In: The problematic science: Psychology in nineteenth century thought, ed. Woodward, W. R. & Ash, M. G.. Praeger. [rDJM]Google Scholar
Marshall, M. E. (1990) The theme of quantification and the hidden Weber in the early work of Gustav Theodor Fechner. Canadian Psychology 31:45–53. [DAS]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Massaro, D. W. (1987)Categorical partition: A fuzzy-logical model of categorization behavior. In: Categorical perception, ed. Harnad, S.. Cambridge University Press. [aDJM]Google Scholar
Matthews, B. H. C. (1931) The response of a muscle spindle during active contraction of a muscle. Journal of Physiology 72:153–74. [rDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mayer, T. (1741) Neue und allgemeine Art, alle Aufgaben aus der Geometrie vermittelst der geometrischen Linien leichter aufzulösen; insbesondere wie alle reguläre und irreguläre Vielecke, davon ein Verhältnis ihrer Seiten gegeben in den Circul geometrisch sollen eingeschrieben werden, samt einer kurzen hierzu nötigen Buchstaben-Rechenkunst und Geometrie. Als Erstlinge an das Licht gestellet von Tobias Mayern. Esslingen: Mäntlern. [O-JG]Google Scholar
Mayer, T. (1745) Mathematischer Atlas, in welchem auf 60 Tabellen alle der Mathematik vorgestellt, und nicht allein überhaupt zu bequemer Wiederholung, sondern auch den Anfängern besonders zur Aufmunterung durch deutliche Beschreibung und Figuren entworfen werden. Augsburg: Pfeffel. [O-JG]Google Scholar
Mayer, T. (1754a) Observationes astronomicae A. 1753 Gottingae habitae. Commentarii Societatis Regiae Scientiarium Gottingensis 3:441–51. [O-JG]Google Scholar
Mayer, T. (1754b) Experimente über die Schärfe des Gesichtsinnes. Göttingische Anzeigen von gelehrten Sachen (20):401–2. [rDJM, O-JG]Google Scholar
Mayer, T. (1755) Experimenta circa visus aciem. Commentarii Societatis Regiae Scientiarium Gottingensis 4:97–112. [rDJM, O-JG]Google Scholar
Mayer, T. (undated, ca. 1757) Von den Farben. Unpublished manuscript, Göttingen University Library, Mayer 15, 13. [O-JG]Google Scholar
Mayer, T. (1758) De affinitate colorum (Über die Verwandtschaft der Farben). Göttingische Anzeigen von gelehrten Sachen, 147. Stück (9 Dezember): 1385–89. [O-JG]Google Scholar
Mayer, T. (1759) Die verschiedenen Grade des Schattens zu bestimmen, wenn man eine einzige Farbe zugleich zum ganzen und halben Schatten nehmen will. Unpublished manuscript January 22, 1759, Göttingen University Library, Mayer 13. [O-JG]Google Scholar
Mayer, T. (1775) De affinitate colorum. In: Tobiae Mayeri opera inedita I, ed. Lichtenberg, G. C.. Gottingen: Vandenhoeck. (English translation in Forbes 1971.) [O-JG]Google Scholar
McBride, R. L. & Anderson, N. H. (1991) Integration psychophysics in the chemical senses. In: Contributions to information integration theory, vol. 1, Cognition, ed. Anderson, N. H.. Erlbaum. [NHA]Google Scholar
McElree, B. & Dosher, B. A. (1989) Serial position and set-size in short-term memory: The time course of recognition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 118:346–73. [rDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McKenna, F. P. (1985) Another look at the “new psychophysies.” British Journal of Psychology 76:97–109. [HER]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McNicol, D. (1972) A primer of signal detection theory. George Allen & Unwin. [aDJM]Google Scholar
McNicol, D. & Stewart, G. W. (1980) Reaction time and the study of memory. In: Reaction times, ed. Welford, A. T.. Academic Press. [rDJM]Google Scholar
McReynolds, P. & Ludwig, K. (1977) Psychometrics in the seventeenth century: The personology of Christian Thomasius. Paper presented at the 9th Annual Meeting of Cheiron, the International Society for the History of the Behavioral and Social Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, June 9–11. [rDJM]Google Scholar
Melara, H. D. & Marks, L. E. (1990) Interaction among auditory dimensions: Timbre, pitch, and loudness. Perception and Psychophysics 48(2):169–78. [SH]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Melzack, R. (1992) Phantom limbs. Scientific American 266(4):120–26. [WLB]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Merzenich, M. M., Jenkins, W. M. & Middlebrooks, J. C. (1984) Observations and hypotheses on special organizational features of the central auditory nervous system. In: Dynamic aspects of neocortical function, ed. Edelman, G. M., Gall, W. E. & Cowan, W. M.. Wiley. [SH]Google Scholar
Metraux, A. (1983) An essay on the early beginnings of psychometrics. In: Advances in historiography of psychology, ed. Eckart, G. & Sprung, L.. VEB Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften. [rDJM]Google Scholar
Michell, J. (1986) Measurement scales and statistics: A clash of paradigms. Psychological Bulletin 100:398–407. [MH]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Michels, W. C. & Helson, H. (1949) A reformulation of the Fechner Law in terms of adaptation-level applied to rating-scale data. American Journal of Psychology 62:355–68. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mises, R. von (1928/1957) Probability, statistics, and truth. Dover. [GG]Google Scholar
Molen, M. W. van der & Keuss, P. J. G. (1979) The relationship between reaction time and auditory intensity in discrete auditory tasks. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 31:95–102. [rDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Montgomery, H. (1975) Direct estimation: Effect of methodological factors on scale type. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology 16:19–29. [aDJM, MO]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Moravee, H. (1988). Mind children: The future of robot and human intelligence. Harvard University Press. [MH]Google Scholar
Morgan, C. L. (1900) On the relation of stimulus to sensation in visual impressions. Psychological Review 7:217–33. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mountcastle, V. G., Poggio, G. F. & Werner, G. (1963) The relation of thalamic cell response to peripheral stimuli varied over an intensive continuum. Journal of Neurophysiology 26:807–34. [GB]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Munsterberg, H. (1894) Studies from the Harvard psychological laboratory: A psychometric investigation of the psycho-physic law. Psychological Review 1:45–51. [WMP]Google Scholar
Müller, G. E. (1878) Zur Crundlegung der Psychophysik. Berlin: T. Grieben. [aDJM]Google Scholar
Murray, D. J. (1967) The role of speech responses in short-term memory. Canadian Journal of Psychology 21:263–76. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Murray, D. J. (1975) Craphemically cued retrieval of words from long-term memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory 104:65–70. [rDJM]Google Scholar
Murray, D. J. (1985) Review of Tulving, E.: Elements of episodic memory. Canadian Psychology 26:235–38. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Murray, D. J. (1986) Level of articulation and short-term recognition following brief probe delays. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 24:103–6. [rDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Murray, D. J. (1987) A perspective for viewing the integration of probability theory into psychology. In: The probabilistic revolution, vol. 2, Ideas in the sciences, ed. Krüger, L., Gigerenzer, C. & Morgan, M. S.. MIT Press. [arDJM, GG]Google Scholar
Murray, D. J. (1988) A history of Western psychology, 2nd ed. Prentice-Hall. [rDJM]Google Scholar
Murray, D. J. (1989) Nineteenth-century attempts to decide between psychophysical laws. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 12:284–85. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Murray, D. J. (1990) Fechner's later psychophysics. Canadian Psychology 31:54–60. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Murray, D. J. & Ross, H. E. (1988) E. H. Weber and Fechner's psychophysics. In: G. T. Fechner and psychology, ed. Brozek, J. & Gundlach, M.. Passavia Universitätsverlag. [aDJM]Google Scholar
Myers, A. K. (1982) Psychophysical scaling and scales of physical stimulus measurement. Psychological Bulletin 82:303–14. [LEK, DJW]Google Scholar
Naka, K.-I. & Rushton, W. A. H. (1966) S-potentials from luminosity units in the retina offish (Cyprinidae). Journal of Physiology (London) 185:587–99. [O-JG]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Narens, L. (1992) A theory of magnitude estimation. Submitted for publication. [RDL]Google Scholar
Neisser, U. (1982) Memory observed: Remembering in natural contexts. W. H. Freeman. [rDJM]Google Scholar
Newell, A. (1990) Unified theories of cognition. Harvard University Press. [rDJM]Google Scholar
Newhall, S. M., Nickerson, D. & Judd, D. B. (1943) Final report of the O.S.A. subcommittee on the Munsell colors. Journal of the Optical Society of America 33:385–418. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Newman, E. B. (1974) On the origin of scales of measurement. In: Sensation and measurement, ed. Moskowitz, H. R. et al. Reidel. [MH]Google Scholar
Neyman, J. (1976) The emergence of mathematical statistics. In: On the history of statistics and probability, ed. Owen, D. B.. Marcel Dekker. [SL]Google Scholar
Neyman, J. & Pearson, E. S. (1928) On the use and interpretation of certain test criteria for purposes of statistical inference. Part I. Biometrika 20A:175–240, 263–294. [aDJM, DL]Google Scholar
Neyman, J. & Pearson, E. S. (1933) On the problem of the most efficient tests of statistical hypotheses. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 231A:289–337. [DL]Google Scholar
Norman, D. A. (1964) Sensory thresholds, response biases, and the neural quantum theory. Journal of Mathematical Psychology 1:88–120. [DL]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Norwich, K. H. (1987) On the theory of Weber fractions. Perception and Psychophysics 42:286–98. [aDJM, DJW]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Norwich, K. H. (1991) Toward the unification of the laws of thought: Some food for thought. In: Sensory science theory and applications in foods, ed. Lawless, H. T. & Klein, B. P.. Marcel Dekker. [rDJM]Google Scholar
Nunnally, J. C. (1970) Introduction to psychological measurement. McGraw-Hill. [DJW]Google Scholar
Parducci, A. (1963) Range-frequency compromise in judgment. Psychological Monographs 77 (2, whole no. 565). [rDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parducci, A. (1982) Scale values and phenomenal experience: There is no psychophysical law! In: Psychophysical judgment and the process of perception, ed. Geissler, H. G., Petzold, P., Buffart, H. F. J. M. & Zabrodin, Y. M.. VEB Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften. [GG]Google Scholar
Parducci, A. (1984) Category ratings and the relational character of judgement. In: Modern trends in perception, eds. Geissler, H. G. & Sarris, V.. VEB Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften. [GB]Google Scholar
Parker, S. & Schneider, B. (1980) Loudness and loudness discrimination. Perception and Psychophysics 28:398–406. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Parker, S., Schneider, B. & Kanow, G. (1975) Ratio scale measurement of the perceived lengths of lines. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 104:195–204. [aDJM]Google ScholarPubMed
Parks, T. R. (1966) Signal detectability theory of recognition-memory performance. Psychological Review 73:44–58. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pascal, B. (1670/1958) Pensées. Dutton. [LEM]Google Scholar
Pastore, R. D. (1987) Categorical perception: Some psychophysical models. In: Categorical perception, ed. Harnad, S.. Cambridge University Press. [aDJM, SH]Google Scholar
Patton, H. D. (1960) Reflex regulation of movement and posture. In: Medical physiology and biophysics, ed. Ruch, T. C. & Fulton, J. F.. W. B. Saunders. [rDJM, WLB]Google Scholar
Peterson, W. W., Birdsall, T. G. & Fox, W. C. (1954) The theory of signal detectability. Transactions of the IRE Professional Croup in Information Theory PGIT 2–4:171–212. [DL]Google Scholar
Petrusic, W. M. & Jamieson, D. J. (1979) Resolution time and the coding of arithmetic relations on supraliminally different visual extents. Journal of Mathematical Psychology 19:89–107. [WMP]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pieron, H. (1914) Recherches sur les lois de variation des temps de latence sensorielle en fonction des intensites excitatrices. L'Année Psychologique 20:17–96. [ANL]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Plateau, J. A. F. (1872a) Sur la mesure des sensations physiques, et sur la loi qui lie l'intensité de ces sensations à l'intensité de la cause excitante. Bulletins de l'Académie Royale de Belgique (2nd series) 33:376–88. [aDJM, O-JG]Google Scholar
Plateau, J. A. F. (1872b) Un mot au suject du mémoire présenté par M. Delboeuf. Bulletins de l'Académie Royale de Belgique (2nd series) 34:141–42. [aDJM]Google Scholar
Plateau, J. A. F. (1873) Über die Messung physischer Empfindungen und das Gesetz, welches die Stärke dieser Empfindungen mit der Stärke der erregende Ursache verknüpft. Poggendorfs Annalen der Physik und Chemie (5)30:465–76. [O-JG]Google Scholar
Plato, (1899a) Protagoras. In: The dialogues of Plato, vol. 1. (Translated and ed., Jowett, B..) Scribner's. [LEM]Google Scholar
Plato, (1899b) The republic. In: The dialogues of Plato, vol. 2 Jowett, B. (trans. and ed.). Scribner's. [LEM]Google Scholar
Popper, R., Parker, S. & Galanter, E. (1986) Dual loudness scales in individual subjects. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 12:61–69. [aDJM]Google ScholarPubMed
Poulton, E. C. (1968) The new psychophysics: Six models for magnitude estimation. Psychological Bulletin 69:1–19. [aDJM, HER]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Poulton, E. C. (1989) Bias in quantifying judgments. Erlbaum. [rDJM, HER]Google Scholar
Priest, I. G., Gibson, K. S. & McNicholas, H. J. (1920) An examination of the Munsell color system. I. Spectral and total reflection and the Munsell scale of value. (U.S. National Bureau of Standards Technical Report 167). U.S. National Bureau of Standards. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Putnam, H. (1967/1985) The nature of mental states. In: Mind, language and reality: Philosophical papers, vol. 2, ed. Putnam, H.. Cambridge University Press. [MH]Google Scholar
Pylyshyn, Z. W. (1984) Computation and cognition: Toward a foundation for cognitive science. MIT Press (Bradford Books). [aDJM]Google Scholar
Quick, R. F. (1974) A vector-magnitude model of contrast detection. Kybernetik 16:65–67. [DL]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Quine, W. V. (1960) Word and object. MIT Press. [GB]Google Scholar
Quine, W. V. (1987) Quiddities. Harvard University Press. [GB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Quine, W. V. (1990) Pursuit of truth. Harvard University Press. [GB]Google Scholar
Ramul, K. (1960) The problem of measurement in the psychology of the eighteenth century. American Psychologist 15:256–65. [rDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ramul, K. (1963) Some early measurements and ratings in psychology. American Psychologist 18:653–59. [rDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ratliff, F. & Hartline, H. K. (1959) The response of Limulus optic nerve fibers to patterns of illumination on the receptor mosaic. Journal of General Physiology 42:1241–55. [rDJM, WLB]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rice, S. O. (1944/1945) Mathematical analysis of random noise. Bell System Technical Journal 23:282–332 & 24:46–156. [DL]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Richter, M. (1953) Das System der DIN-Farbenkarte. Die Farbe 1:85–98. [aDJM]Google Scholar
Riesz, R. R. (1933) The relationship between loudness and the minimum perceptible increment of intensity. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 4:211–16. [LEK]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robson, J. G. & Graham, N. (1981) Probability summation and regional variation in contrast sensitivity across the visual field. Vision Research 21:409–18. [DL]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rosen, S. & Howell, P. (1987) Auditory, articulatory, and learning explanations of categorical preception in speech. In: Categorical perception, ed. Hamad, S.. Cambridge University Press. [SH]Google Scholar
Roskam, E. E. (1991) Psychophysical scaling. In: Fechner Day 91. Proceedings of the Seventh Annual Meeting of the International Society for Psychophysics, ed. Lockhead, G. R.. Duke University, Durham, NC. [aDJM]Google Scholar
Ross, H. E. (1969) When is a weight not illusory? Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 21:346–55. [HER]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rozsypol, A. J., Stevenson, D. C. & Hogan, J. T. (1985) Dispersion in models of categorical perception. Journal of Mathematical Psychology 29:271–88. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rule, S. J. & Curtis, D. W. (1977) The influence of the interaction of weight and volume on subjective heaviness. Perception and Psychophysics 22:159–64. [HER]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rule, S. J., Curtis, D. W. & Mullin, L. C. (1981) Subjective rates and differences in perceived heaviness. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 7:459–66. [aDJM]Google Scholar
Rule, S. J., Laye, R. C. & Curtis, D. W. (1974) Magnitude judgments and difference judgments of lightness and darkness: A two-stage analysis. Journal of Experimental Psychology 103:1108–14. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rumelhart, D. E., McClelland, J. L. & the PDP Research Group (1986) Parallel distributed processing: Explorations in the microstructure of cognition, vol. 1, Foundations. MIT Press. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sakitt, B. (1974) Canonical ratings. Perception and Psychophysics 16:478–88. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sarris, V. (1967) Adaptation level theory: Two critical experiments on Helson's weighted average model. American Journal of Psychology 80:331–55. [ANL]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Savage, C. W. (1970) The measurement of sensation. University of California Press. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scheerer, E. (1987) The unknown Fechner. Psychological Research 49:197–202. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Scheerer, E. (1989) Conjuring Fechner's spirit. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 12:288–90. [DAS]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scheerer, E. (1992) Fechner's inner psychophysics: Its historical fate and present status. In: Cognition, information processing and psychophysics: Basic issues, ed. Geissler, H.-G., Link, S. W. & Townsend, J. T.. Erlbaum. [aDJM, SL]Google Scholar
Scheerer, G. (1987) Tobias Mayer – experiments on visual acuity. Spatial Vision 2:81–97. [O-JG]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schmidt, S. R. (1991) Can we have a distinctive theory of memory? Memory and Cognition 19:523–42. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schneider, B. (1980a) Individual loudness functions determined from direct comparisons of loudness intervals. Perception and Psychophysics 28:493–503. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schneider, B. (1980b) A technique for the nonmetric analysis of paired comparisons of psychological intervals. Psychometrika 45:357–72. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schneider, B. (1989) Is there really only one representation for stimulus intensity? Behavioral and Brain Sciences 12:290. [DJW]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schneider, B. & Bissett, R. (1988) “Ratio” and “difference” judgments for length, area, and volume: Are there two classes of sensory continua? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 14:503–12. [aDJM]Google Scholar
Schneider, B., Parker, S. & Upenieks, E. G. (1982) The perceptual basis of judgments of pitch differences and pitch ratios. Canadian Journal of Psychology 36:4–23. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shannon, C. E. (1949) Communication in the presence of noise. Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers 37:10–21. [DL]Google Scholar
Shepard, R. N. (1962) Analysis of proximities: Multidimensional scaling with an unknown distance function. Psychometrika 27:125–40. [WMP]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shepard, R. N. (1981) Psychological relations and psychological scales: On the status of “direct” psychophysical measurement. Journal of Mathematical Psychology 24:21–57. [arDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shipley, T., ed. (1961) Classics in psychology. Philosophical Library. [rDJM]Google Scholar
Smith, P. T. (1991) Is this effort worth the pain? British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology 44:413–17. [RAMG]Google Scholar
Solomons, L. M. (1900) A new explanation of Weber's Law. Psychological Review 7:234–40. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sprung, L. & Sprung, H. (1987) Gustav Theodor Fechner in der Geschichte der Psychologie – Leben, Werk und Wirken in der Wissenschaftsentwicklung des 19 Jahrhunderts. Karl-Marx Universität. [RAMG]Google Scholar
Star, S. L. (1985) Scientific work and uncertainty. Social Studies of Science 15:391–427. [GAH]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Star, S. L. (1986) Triangulating clinical and basic research: British localizationists, 1870–1906. History of Science 24:29–48. [GAH]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Star, S. L. (1989) Regions of the mind: Brain research and the quest for scientific certainty. Stanford University Press. [GAH]Google Scholar
Sternberg, S. (1966) High speed scanning in human memory. Science 153:652–54. [rDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sternberg, S. (1969) The discovery of processing stages: Extensions of Donders' method. In: Attention and performance, vol. 2, ed. Koster, W. G.. North-Holland. [rDJM]Google Scholar
Stevens, J. C. & Rubin, L. L. (1970) Psychophysical scales of apparent heaviness and the size-weight illusion. Perception and Psychophysics 8:225–30. [HER]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stevens, S. S. (1936) A scale for the measurement of a psychological magnitude: Loudness. Psychological Review 43:405–16. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stevens, S. S. (1946) On the theory of scales of measurement. Science 103:677–80. [aDJM, MH]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stevens, S. S. (1951) Handbook of experimental psychology. Wiley. [aDJM]Google Scholar
Stevens, S. S. (1957) On the psychophysical law. Psychological Review 64:153–81. [arDJM, GB, MT, MW]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stevens, S. S. (1961) To honor Fechner and repeal his law. Science 133:80–86. [aDJM, MT]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stevens, S. S. (1970) Neural events and the psychophysical law. Science 170:1043–50. [arDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stevens, S. S. (1971) Issues in psychophysical measurement. Psychophysical Review 78:426–50. [CB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stevens, S. S. (1975) Psychophysics: Introduction to its perceptual, neural, and social prospects, ed. Stevens, G.. Wiley. [rDJM, MH, MO]Google Scholar
Stevens, S. S. & Galanter, E. H. (1957) Ratio scales and category scales for a dozen perceptual continua. Journal of Experimental Psychology 54:377–411. [rDJM, HER]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stevens, S. S., Morgan, C. T. & Volkmann, J. (1941) Theory of the neural quantum in the diserimination of loudness and pitch. American Journal of Psychology 54:315–35. [aDJM, LEK]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stevens, S. S. & Stevens, J. C. (1960) Brightness function: Parametric effects of adaptation and contrast. Journal of the Optical Society of America 50:1139. [aDJM]Google Scholar
Stigler, S. M. (1986) The history of statistics. The measurement of uncertainty before 1900. Belknap/Harvard University Press. [GG]Google Scholar
Stout, D. (1989) A question of statistical inference: E. G. Boring, T. L. Kelley and the probable error. American Journal of Psychology 102:549–62. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stout, D. (in press) E. G., Boring, C. Murchison, and Clark University: Research practice and practical politics. Recent trends in theoretical psychology, vol. 3. Springer-Verlag. [DAS]Google Scholar
Stout, G. F. (1888) The Herbartian psychology. Mind 13:321–88; 473–98. [rDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Suppes, P. & Zinnes, J. L. (1963) Basic measurement theory. In: Handbook of mathematical psychology, vol. 1, ed. Luce, R. D. et al. Wiley. [MH]Google Scholar
Swartz, P. (1953) A new method for scaling pain. Journal of Experimental Psychology 45:288–93. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Swets, J. A. (1986a) Indices of discrimination or diagnostic accuracy: Their ROCs and implied models. Psychological Bulletin 99:100–117. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Swets, J. A. (1986b) Form of empirical ROCs in discrimination and diagnostic tasks: Implications for theory and measurement of performance. Psychological Bulletin 99:181–98. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Swets, J. A., Tanner, W. P. & Birdsall, T. G. (1961) Decision processes in perception. Psychological Review 68:301–40. [arDJM, DL]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Takane, Y., Young, F. W. & de Leeuw, J. (1977) Nonmetric individual differences multidimensional scaling: An alternating least squares method with optimal scaling features. Psychometrika 42:7–67. [WMP]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Takasaki, H. (1966) Lightness changes of grays induced by change in reflectance of gray background. Journal of the Optical Society of America 56:504–9. [rDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tanner, W. P. Jr. (1956) Theory of recognition. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 28:882–88. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tanner, W. P. & Swets, J. A. (1954) A decision-making theory of visual detection. Psychological Review 61:401–09. [DL]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Teghtsoonian, R. (1971) On the exponents in Stevens' Law and the constant in Ekman's Law. Psychological Review 78:71–80. [aDJM, ANL, MO, RT]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Teghtsoonian, R. (1973) Range effects in psychophysical scaling and a revision of Stevens' Law. American Journal of Psychology 86:3–27. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Teghtsoonian, R. (1974) On (acts and theories in psychophysics: Does Ekman's Law exist? In: Sensation and measurement, ed. Moskowitz, H. R. et al. Reidel. [RT]Google Scholar
Thurstone, L. L. (1927a) Psychophysical analysis. American Journal of Psychology 38:368–89. [aDJM, DL]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thurstone, L. L. (1927b) A law of comparative judgment. Psychological Review 34:273–86. [aDJM, DL]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thurstone, L. L. (1927c) A mental unit of measurement. Psychological Review 34:415–23. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thurstone, L. L. (1927d) Three psychophysical laws. Psychological Review 34:424–32. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thurstone, L. L. (1929) Theory of attitude measurement. Psychological Review 36:222–41. [DL]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thurstone, L. L. & Chave, E. S. (1929) The measurement of attitude. University of Chicago Press. [DL]Google Scholar
Titchener, E. B. (1896/1911) A text-book of psychology. Macmillan. [MW] (1901–1905) Experimental psychology: A manual of laboratory practice, vols. 1 and 2. Macmillan. [aDJM, SL]Google Scholar
Tolhurst, D. J., Movshon, J. A. & Dean, A. F. (1983) The statistical reliability of signals in single neurons in cat and monkey visual cortex. Vision Research 23:775–85. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Torgerson, W. S. (1961) Distances and ratios in psychophysical scaling. Acta Psychologica 19:201–5. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Townsend, J. T. & Ashby, F. G. (1983) Stochastic modeling of elementary psychological processes. Cambridge University Press (Cambridge). [rDJM, RDL]Google Scholar
Treisman, M. (1961) The nature of the psychophysical law and its significance for the scaling of sensory magnitudes. Acta Psychologica 19:213–14. [MT]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Treisman, M. (1962) Psychological explanation: The “private data” hypothesis. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 13:130–43. [MT]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Treisman, M. (1963a) Laws of sensory magnitude. Nature 198:914–15. [MT]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Treisman, M. (1963b) Neural effects and the psychophysical law. Nature 200:1241–42. [MT]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Treisman, M. (1964a) Sensory scaling and the psychophysical law. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 16:11–22. [aDJM, MT]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Treisman, M. (1964b) The effect of one stimulus on the threshold for another: An application of signal detectability theory. British Journal of Statistical Psychology 17:15–35. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Treisman, M. (1964c) What do sensory scales measure? Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 16:387–91. [MT]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Treisman, M. (1985) The magical number seven and some other features of category scaling: Properties of a model for absolute judgment. Journal of Mathematical Psychology 29:175–230. [MT]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Treisman, M. (1989) Sensory scaling: Unanswered questions. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 12:293–94. [MT]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Turner, R. S. (1982) Helmholtz, sensory physiology, and the disciplinary development of Cerman psychology. In: The problematic science: Psychology in nineteenth century thought, ed. Woodward, W. R. & Ash, M. G.. Praeger. [rDJM]Google Scholar
Urban, F. M. (1910) The method of constant stimuli and its generalizations. Psychological Review 17:229–59. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Brakel, (1990) Units of measurement: Some Kripkean considerations. Erkenntnis 33:297–317. [JVB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Brakel, J. & van der Peut, A. A. (1979) Alternative physical concatenation procedures in length measurements. Abstracts of the 6th International Congress of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science 8:36–40. [JVB]Google Scholar
Waismann, F. (1930–1931) Logische Analyse des Wahrscheinlichkeitsbegriffs. Erkenntnis 1:228–48. [MH]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wallach, H. (1948) Brightness constancy and the nature of achromatic colors. Journal of Experimental Psychology 38:310–24. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wallach, H. (1963) The perception of neutral colors. Scientific American 208:107–16. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ward, J. (1876) An attempt to interpret Fechner's Law. Mind (O.S.) 1:452–66. [DAS]Google Scholar
Ward, J. (1904/1927) Philosophical orientations and scientific standpoints. Essays in Philosophy by James Ward, ed. Sorley, W. R. & Stout, G. F.. Books for Libraries Press. (Reprinted. 1968.) [DAS]Google Scholar
Ward, L. M. (1972) Category judgments of loudness in the absence of an experimenter-induced identification function: Segmental effects and power-function fit. Journal of Experimental Psychology 94:179–84. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Warren, R. M. (1981) Measurement of sensory intensity. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 4:175–223. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Warren, R. M. & Poulton, E. C. (1960) Basis for lightness-judgments of grays. American Journal of Psychology 73:380–87. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Warren, R. M. & Poulton, E. C. (1966) Lightness of grays: Effects of background reflectance. Perception and Psychophysics 1:145–48. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Warren, R. M. & Warren, R. P. (1956) Effect of the relative volume of standard and comparison object on half-heaviness judgments. American Journal of Psychology 69:640–43. [HER]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wasserman, G. S. (1991) Neural and behavioral assessment of sensory quality. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 14:192–93. [LEK]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wasserman, G. S. & Wang-Bennett, L. T. (1989) Unity and diversity of neurelectric and psychophysical functions: The invariance question. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 12:297–98. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Watson, A. B. (1979) Probability summation over time. Vision Research 19:515–22. [DL]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Watson, A. B. (1986) Temporal sensitivity. In: Handbook of perception and human performance, vol. 1, ed. Boff, K. R., Kaufman, L. & Thomas, J. P.. Wiley. [aDJM]Google Scholar
Watson, J. B. (1930) Behaviorism (revised edition). W. W. Norton. [rDJM]Google Scholar
Weber, E. H. (1834) De pulsu, resorptione, auditu et tactu – Annotationes anatomicae et physiologicae. Leipzig: Koehler. [HG]Google Scholar
Weber, E. H. (1846/1978) Der Tastsinn und das Gemeingefühl. In: E. H. Weber: The sense of touch, ed. Ross, H. E. & Murray, D. J.. (Translated by D. J. Murray.) Academic Press. [HG, SL]Google Scholar
Weber, E. H. (1851) Die Lehre vom Tastsinne und Cemeingefühle auf Versuche gegründet, für Aerzte und Philosophen. Braunschweig: Vieweg. [HG]Google Scholar
Weber, E. H. (1852) Über den Raumsinn und die Empfindungskreise in der Haut und im Auge. Berichte der Königlichen Sächsischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-physikalische-Classe 85–164. [O-JG]Google Scholar
Weber, E. H. (1978) The sense of touch (De Tactu [1834] translated by Ross, H. E.; Der Tastsinn [1846] translated by D. J. Murray). Academic Press. [aDJM, HG]Google Scholar
Weiss, D. J. (1975) Quantifying private events: A functional measurement analysis of equisection. Perception and Psychophysics 17:351–57. [DJW]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weiss, D. J. (1981) The impossible dream of Fechner and Stevens. Perception 10:431–34. [LEK, DJW]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Weiss, D. J. (1989) Psychophysics and metaphysics. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 12:298–99. [LEK, DJW]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Welford, A. T., ed. (1980) Reaction times. Academic Press. [rDJM]Google Scholar
Wendt, D. (1982) On S. S. Stevens' psychophysics and the measurement of subjective probability and utility. In: Social attitudes and psychophysical measurement, ed. Wegener, B.. Erlbaum. [MH]Google Scholar
Werner, G. & Mountcastle, V. B. (1965) Neural activity in mechanoreceptive cutaneous afferents: Stimulus-response relations, Weber functions, and information transmission. Journal of Neurophysiology 28:359–97. [rDJM, WLB]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wertheimer, M. (1953) An investigation of the “randomness” of threshold measurements. Journal of Experimental Psychology 45:294–303. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
West, B. J. (1985) An essay on the importance of being nonlinear. Lecture notes in biomathematics, 62. Springer-Verlag. [RAMG]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whittle, P. (1991) Sensory and perceptual processes in seeing brightness and lightness. In: From pigments to perception, ed. Valberg, A. & Lee, B. B.. Plenum. [PW]Google Scholar
Whittle, P. (1992) Brightness, discriminability and the “crispening effect.” Vision Research 32:1493–1507. [rDJM, PW]Google Scholar
Wiggins, S. (1990) Introduction to applied nonlinear dynamical systems and chaos. Springer-Verlag. [RAMG]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilson, M. (1987) Brain mechanisms in categorical perception. In: Categorical perception, ed. Hamad, S.. Cambridge University Press. [aDJM]Google Scholar
Wolff, C. (1725) Vernünftige Cedancken vom Cebrauche Der Theile in Menschen, Thieren und Pflantzen, den Liebhabern der Wahrheit mitgetheilet. Frankfurt/Leipzig: Renger. (Reprinted in [1980] G. Olms. Gesammelte Werke I. Abt.: Deutsche Schriften.) [O-JG]Google Scholar
Wolff, C. (1731) Psychologia empirica. Reprinted in: Christian Wolff: Gesammelte Werke, Part II, vol. 5., ed. Ecole, J.. Georg Olms (1968). [rDJM]Google Scholar
Wolff, C. (1734) Psychologia rationalis. Reprinted in: Christian Wolff: Gesammelte Werke, Part II, vol. 6., ed. Ecole, J.. Georg Olms (1972). [rDJM]Google Scholar
Woodworth, R. S. & Schlosberg, H. (1954) Experimental psychology. Methuen. [aDJM]Google Scholar
Wundt, W. (1862) Beiträge zur Theorie der Sinneswahrnehmung. Leipzig: C. F. Winter. (The introduction, titled “On the methods of psychology,” is translated in: Classics in psychology ed. T. Shipley. Philosophical Library 1961.) [rDJM]Google Scholar
Wundt, W. (1874) Grundzüge der physiologischen Psychologie, 1st ed. W. Engelmann. [rDJM]Google Scholar
Wyszecki, G. (1986) Color appearance. In: Handbook of perception and human performance, vol. 1, ed. Boff, K. R., Kaufman, L. & Thomas, J. R.. Wiley. [aDJM]Google Scholar
Yilmaz, H. (1967) Perceptual invariance and the psychophysical law. Perception and Psychophysics 2:533–38. [arDJM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zwislocki, J. J. & Goodman, D. A. (1980) Absolute scaling of sensory magnitudes: A validation. Perception and Psychophysics 28:28–38. [aDJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed