Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-mlc7c Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T21:55:34.242Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The disunity of Pavlovian and instrumental values

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 July 2008

Sean B. Ostlund
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
Bernard W. Balleine
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095. sostlund@ucla.eduballeine@psych.ucla.edu

Abstract

A central theme of the unified framework for addiction advanced by Redish et al. is that there exists a common value or incentive process controlling Pavlovian and instrumental conditioning. Here we briefly review evidence from a variety of sources demonstrating that these incentive processes are in fact independent. Clearly the influence of Pavlovian predictors and goal values on choice offer distinct potential targets for pathologies of decision-making.

Type
Open Peer Commentary
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2008

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Balleine, B. W. (1992) Instrumental performance following a shift in primary motivation depends on incentive learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes 18:236–50.Google Scholar
Balleine, B. W. (2001) Incentive processes in instrumental conditioning. In: Handbook of contemporary learning theories, ed. Mowrer, R. R. & Klein, S. B., pp. 307–66. Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Balleine, B. W. (2004) Incentive behavior. In: The behavior of the laboratory rat: A handbook with tests, ed. Whishaw, I. Q. & Kolb, B., pp. 436–46. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Balleine, B. W., Ball, J. & Dickinson, A. (1994) Benzodiazepine-induced outcome revaluation and the motivational control of instrumental action in rats. Behavioral Neuroscience 108:573–89.Google Scholar
Balleine, B. W. & Dickinson, A. (1991) Instrumental performance following reinforcer devaluation depends upon incentive learning. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 43B:279–96.Google Scholar
Corbit, L. H. & Balleine, B. W. (2003) The role of prelimbic cortex in instrumental conditioning. Behavioural Brain Research 146:145–57.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Delamater, A. R. (1995) Outcome-selective effects of intertrial reinforcement in Pavlovian appetitive conditioning with rats. Animal Learning and Behavior 23:3139.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Everitt, B. J. & Stacey, P. (1987) Studies of instrumental behavior with sexual reinforcement in male rats (Rattus norvegicus): II. Effects of preoptic area lesions, castration and testosterone. Journal of Comparative Psychology 101:407–19.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gallagher, M., McMahan, R. W. & Schoenbaum, G. (1999) Orbitofrontal cortex and representation of incentive value in associative learning. Journal of Neuroscience 19:6610–14.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hendersen, R. W. & Graham, J. (1979) Avoidance of heat by rats: Effects of thermal context on the rapidity of extinction. Learning and Motivation 10:351–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holland, P. C. (2004) Relations between Pavlovian-instrumental transfer and reinforcer devaluation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes 30:104–17.Google Scholar
Kruse, J. M., Overmier, J. B., Konz, W. A. & Rokke, E. (1983) Pavlovian conditioned stimulus effects upon instrumental choice behavior are reinforcer specific. Learning and Motivation 14:165–81.Google Scholar
Lopez, M., Balleine, B. W. & Dickinson, A. (1992) Incentive learning and the motivational control of instrumental performance by thirst. Animal Learning and Behavior 20:322–28.Google Scholar
Nelson, A. & Killcross, S. (2006) Amphetamine exposure enhances habit formation. Journal of Neuroscience 26(14):3805–12.Google Scholar
Ostlund, S. & Balleine, B. W. (2007) Orbitofrontal cortex mediates outcome encoding in Pavlovian but not instrumental conditioning. Journal of Neuroscience 27(18):4819–25.Google Scholar
Pickens, C. L., Saddoris, M. P., Gallagher, M. & Holland, P. C. (2005) Orbitofrontal lesions impair use of cue-outcome associations in a devaluation task. Behavioral Neuroscience 119:317–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pickens, C. L., Saddoris, M. P., Setlow, B., Gallagher, M., Holland, P. C. & Schoenbaum, G. (2003) Different roles for orbitofrontal cortex and basolateral amygdala in a reinforcer devaluation task. Journal of Neuroscience 23:11078–84.Google Scholar
Rescorla, R. A. (1991) Associative relations in instrumental learning: The Eighteenth Bartlett Memorial Lecture. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 43:123.Google Scholar
Rescorla, R. A. (1994) Transfer of instrumental control mediated by a devalued outcome. Animal Learning and Behavior 22:2733.Google Scholar
Wyvell, C. L. & Berridge, K. C. (2000) Intra-accumbens amphetamine increases the conditioned incentive salience of sucrose reward: Enhancement of reward “wanting” without enhanced “liking” or response reinforcement. Journal of Neuroscience 20(21):8122–30.Google Scholar