Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-q99xh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T15:59:31.608Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Levels of grammatic representation: A tempest in a teapot

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 February 2010

Michael R. Lipton
Michael R. Lipton*
Affiliation:
Department of Philosophy and Religion, Northeastern University, Boston, Mass. 02115
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Open Peer Commentary
Information
Behavioral and Brain Sciences , Volume 6 , Issue 3 , September 1983 , pp. 409 - 410
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1983

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Aho, A. V. & Ullman, J. D. (1972) The theory of parsing, translation, and compiling. Prentice-Hall. [RW]Google Scholar
Berwick, R. (1982) Locality principles and the acquisition of syntactic knowledge. Ph.D. thesis, MIT Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering. [RCB]Google Scholar
Berwick, H. C. & Weinberg, A. S. (1983a) The role of grammars in theories of language use. Cognition 13: 1–61. [tarEPS]6681740 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Berwick, R.C. (1983b) The grammatical basis of linguistic performance. MIT Press. Forthcoming. [RCB]Google Scholar
Botha, R. B. (1980) Methodological bases of a progressive mentalism. Synthese 44: 1–112. [RPB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Botha, (1982) On Chomskyan mentalism: A reply to Peter Slezak. Synthese 53: 123–41. [RPB]Google Scholar
Bratley, P., Dewar, H. & Thorne, J. P. (1967) Recognition of syntactic structure by computer. Nature 216: 969–73. [JCM]Google Scholar
Bresnan, J. (1978) A realistic transformational grammar. In: Linguistic theory and psychological reality, ed. Bresnan, J., Halle, M., &Miller, C.. MIT Press. [rEPS]Google Scholar
Bresnan, J. W. & Kaplan, R. M. (1982a) Lexical-functional grammar: A formal system for grammatical representation. In: The mental representation of grammatical relations, ed. Bresnan, J. W., MIT Press. [HT]Google Scholar
Bresnan, J. W. (1982b) Grammars as mental representations of language. In: The mental representation of grammatical relations, ed. Bresnan, J. W.. MIT Press. [WD]Google Scholar
Burks, A. W. (1963) Programming and theory of automata. In: Computer programming and formal systems, ed. Braffort, P. & Hirschberg, D.. North-Holland. [rEPS]Google Scholar
Carr, T. H., Davidson, B. J. & Hawkins, H. L. (1978) Perceptual flexibility in word recognition: Strategies affect orthographic computation but not lexical access. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 4: 674–90. [JCM]722255 Google Scholar
Chomsky, N. (1965) Aspects of the theory of syntax. MIT Press. [JDM, taEPS]Google Scholar
Chomsky, N. (1969) Comments on Harman's reply. In: Language and philosophy, ed. Hook, S.. New York University Press. [tarEPS]Google Scholar
Chomsky, N. (1972) Language and mind. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. [taEPS]Google Scholar
Chomsky, N. (1973) Conditions on transformations. In: A festschrmft for Morris Halle, ed. Anderson, S. R. &Kiparsky, P.. Holt, Rinehart and Winston. [taEPS]Google Scholar
Chomsky, N. (1975) Reflections on language. Pantheon Books. [taEPS]Google Scholar
Chomsky, N. (1977) On Wh-movement. In: Formal syntax, ed. Culicover, P. W., Wasow, T. &Akmajian, A.. Academic Press. [taEPS]Google Scholar
Chomsky, N. (1978) On the biological basis of language capacities. In: Psychology and biology of language and thought: Essays in honor of Eric Lenneberg, ed. Miller, C. A. and Lenneberg, E., pp. 199–220. Academic Press. [JCM]Google Scholar
Chomsky, N. (1980a) Rules and representations. Columbia University Press. [RPB, WD, taEPS]Google Scholar
Chomsky, N. (1980b) Rules and representations. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3:1–61. [RMH, tarEPS]S0140525X00001515 10.1017/S0140525X00001515 Google Scholar
Chomsky, N. (1980c) On binding. Linguistic Inquiry 11: 1–46. ]Google Scholar
Chomsky, N. (1981) Lectures on government and binding. Foris Publications. [RPB, GH]Google Scholar
Chomsky, N. (1982) Some concepts and consequences of the theory of government and binding. MIT Press. [GH]Google Scholar
Chomsky, N. & Lasnik, H. (1977) Filters and control. Linguistic Inquiry 8: 425–504. [JDM]Google Scholar
Chomsky, N. & Miller, C. A. (1964) Formal properties of grammars. In: Handbook of mathematical psychology, vol. 1, ed. Luce, R. D.. Bush, R. R., & Calanter, E., pp. 323–418. John Wiley & Sons Inc. [MG]Google Scholar
Clark, K. & Cowell, D. (1976) Programs, machines, and computation: An introduction to the theory of computing. McGraw-Hill. [rEPS]Google Scholar
Clark, K. L. & McCabe, F. C. (1979) The control facilities of IC-PROLOG. In: Expert systems in the micro electronic age. ed. Mitchie, D.. Edinburgh University Press. [rEPS]Google Scholar
Crick, F. H. C. (1979) Thinking about the brain. Scientific American 241: 181–88. [MG]Google Scholar
Davis, M. (1978) What is a computation? In: Mathematics today: Twelve informal essays, ed. Steen, L. A., pp. 241–67. Springer-verlag. [MD]Google Scholar
Davis, M., ed. (1965) The undecidable. Raven Press. [MD]Google Scholar
Field, H. H. (1978) Mental representations. Erkenntnis 13: 9–61. [taEPS]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Foder, J. A. (1975) The language of thought. Crowell. [tarEPS]Google Scholar
Foder, J. A. (1980) Methodological solipsism considered as a research strategy in cognitive psychology. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3: 63–109. [rEPS]S0140525X00001771 10.1017/S0140525X00001771 Google Scholar
Foder, J. A. (1981a) Representations. Bradford Books. [WD, tarEPS]Google Scholar
Foder, J. A. (1981b) Some notes on what Linguistics is about. In: Readings in the philosophy of psychology, volume 2, ed. Block, N., pp. 197–207. Harvard University Press. [WD]Google Scholar
Foder, J. A. (1981c) The present status of the innateness controversy. In: Representations. Bradford Books. [RMH]Google Scholar
Foder, J. A. (1983) The mnodular theory of mind: An essay on faculty psychology. Bradford Books. [WD, taEPS]Google Scholar
Fodor, J. A., Bever, T. C. & Garrett, M. F. (1974) The psychology of language. McGraw-Hill. [RCB, tarEPS]Google Scholar
Fodor, J. A. & Pylyshyn, Z. W. (1981) How direct is visual perception? Cognition 9: 136–96. [taEPS]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gazdar, C. (1982) Phrase structure grammar. In: The nature of syntactic representation, ed. Jacobson, P. &Pullum, C. K.. Reidel. [rEPS, HT]Google Scholar
Grimson, W. E. L. (1981) A computer implementation of a theory of human stereo vision. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B292: 217–53. [JCM]6115409 Google Scholar
Halle, M. & Stevens, K. (1962) Speech recognition: A model and a program for research. IRE Transactions on Information Theory, IT-8. pp. 155–59. [taEPS]Google Scholar
Harman, G. (1967) Psychological aspects of the theory of syntax. Journal of Philosophy 64: 75–87. [taEPS]Google Scholar
Harman, G. (1969) Linguistic competence and empiricism. In: Language and philosophy, ed. Hook, S.. New York University Press. [taEPS]Google Scholar
Hawkins, H. L., Reicher, C. M. Rogers, M. & Peterson, L. (1976) Flexible coding in word recognition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 2: 380–85. [JCM]993743 Google Scholar
Hill, F. & Peterson, G. (1981) Introduction to switching theory and logical design. Wiley. [RMH]Google Scholar
Hubel, D. H. (1979) The brain. Scientific American 241 (3): 44–53. [taEPS]493920 Google Scholar
Johnson-Laird, P. N. (1977) Procedural semantics. Cognition 5: 189–214. [taEPS]Google Scholar
Jonides, J. & Gleitman, H. (1972) A conceptual category effect in visual search: O as letter or as digit. Perception and Psychophysics 12: 457–60. [JCM]Google Scholar
Joshi, A. K., Levy, L. S., & Takahashi, M. (1975) Tree adjunct grammars. Journal of Computer and System Sciences, pp. 136–63. [MG]Google Scholar
Julesz, B. (1971) Foundations of cyclopean perception. University of Chicago Press. [taEPS]Google Scholar
Kaplan, R. & Bresnan, J. (in press a) A formal system for grammatical representation. In: The mental representation of grammatical relations, ed. Bresnan, J.. MIT Press. [taEPS]Google Scholar
Kaplan, R. (in press b) Grammars as mental representations of language. In: The mental representation of grammatical relations, ed. Bresnan, J.. MIT Press. [rEPS]Google Scholar
Katz, J. J. (1966) The philosophy of language. Harper and Row. [taEPS]Google Scholar
Keyser, S. J. & Pinker, S. (1980) Direct vs. representational views of cognition. The Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3: 389–90. [rEPS]10.1017/S0140525X00005574 Google Scholar
Kuno, S. & Oettinger, A. C. (1963) Multiple-path syntactic analyzer. Information Processing 1962, North-Holland. [HT]Google Scholar
Lakoff, C. & Thompson, H. (1975) Introducing cognitive grammar. Proceedings of the first annual meeting, ed. Cosen, C. et al., pp. 295–313. Berkeley Linguistics Society. [JDM, HT]Google Scholar
Laudan, L. (1977) Progress and its problems. University of California Press. [JDM]Google Scholar
Lewontin, B. C. (1983) The liberation of biology. New York Review of Books, Jan. 20. [TR]Google Scholar
Liberman, A. M., Cooper, F. S., Shankweiler, D. P. & Studdert-Kennedy, M. (1967) Perception of the speech code. Psychological Review 74: 43161. [rEPS]4170865 Google Scholar
Lycan, W. G. (1981) Form, function and feel. The journal of Philosophy 78: 24–50. [taEPS]Google Scholar
McCawley, J. D. (1982) How far can you trust a linguist? In: Language, mind, and brain, ed. Simon, Thomas and Scholes, Robert, pp. 75–87. Albex. [JDM]Google Scholar
Macnamara, J. & Kushnir, S. (1971) Linguistic independence of bilinguals: The input switch. journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior 10: 480–87. [JCM]Google Scholar
Marr, D. (1979) Representing and computing visual information. In: Artificial intelligence: An MIT perspective, volume 2, ed. Winston, P. H. &Brown, R. H.. MIT Press. [taEPS]Google Scholar
Marr, D. (1980) Visual information processing: The structure and creation of visual representations. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of Landon B290: 199–218. [JCM]Google Scholar
Marr, D. & Poggio, T. (1976) From understanding computation to understanding neural circuitry. MIT Artificial Intelligence Memo 357, Cambridge, Mass. [JM, taEPS]Google Scholar
Marr, D. & Poggio, T. (1979) A computational theory of human stereo vision. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, B204: 301–28. [JCM]37518 Google Scholar
Marshall, J. C. (1980) On the biology of language acquisition. In: Biological studies of nmental processes, ed.Caplan, D., pp. 106–48. MIT Press. [JCM]Google Scholar
Matthews, R. J. (1982) Knowledge of language in a theory of language processing. Presented at the conference “Constraints on modelling realtime processes,” sponsored by the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, and the Center for Psychosocial Research, Chicago, and held in Saint-Maximin, France, June, 1982. [taEPS]Google Scholar
Mehler, J., Morton, J. & Jusczyk, P. (submitted for publication) On reducing language to biology. [JM]Google Scholar
Miller, C. A. & Chomsky, N. (1963) Finitary models of language users. In: Handbook of Inathensatical psychology, volume 2, ed. Luce, R. D., Bush, R. &Galanter, E.. Wiley. [taEPS]Google Scholar
Pereira, F. & Warren, D. H. D. (1980) Definite clause grammars for language analysis: A survey of the formalism and a comparison with augmented transition networks. Artificial Intelligence 13: 231–78. [rEPS. HT]Google Scholar
Pinker, S. (in press) A theory of the acquisition of lexical–interpretive grammars. In: The mental representation of grammatical relations, ed. Bresnan, J.. MIT Press. [taEPS]Google Scholar
Pippenger, N. & Fischer, M. J. (1979) Relations among complexity measures. Journal of the ACM 26: 361–81. [taEPS]Google Scholar
Putnam, H. (1967) Psychological predicates. In: Art, mind and religion, ed. Capitan, W. H. &Merrill, D. D.. University of Pittsburgh Press. [rEPS]Google Scholar
Pylyshyn, Z. (1980) Computation and cognition: Issues in the foundation of cognitive science. The Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3: 11–169. [WD, RMH, tarEPS]Google Scholar
Pylyshyn, Z. (forthcoming) Computation and cognition. Bradford. [tarEPS]Google Scholar
Schank, B. (1977) Response to Dresher and Hornstein. Cognition 5: 133–45. [RW]Google Scholar
Schnorr, C. P. (1976) The network complexity and Turing machine complexity of finite functions. Acta Informatica 7: 95–107. [tsEPS]Google Scholar
Searle, J. R. (1980) Rules and causation. (Commentary on Chomsky, 1980b.) The Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3: 37–38. [WD, taEPS]S0140525X00001722 10.1017/S0140525X00001722 Google Scholar
Shulman, H. C. & Davison, T. C. B. (1977) Control properties of semantic coding in a lexical decision task. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior 16: 91–98. [JCM]Google Scholar
Stabler, E. P. (1981) Issues in the foundations of cognitive psychology. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts. [taEPS]Google Scholar
Stabler, E. P. (1982) Database and theorem prover designs for question answering systems. Cogmem No. 12, Centre for Cognitive Science Technical Memorandum Series, The University of Western Ontario. [rEPS]Google Scholar
Stabler, E. P. & Elcock, E. W. (1983) Knowledge representation in an efficient deductive inference system. Submitted for presentation at the Logic Programming Workshop ‘83, Aldeia des Acoteias, Portugal. [rEPS]Google Scholar
Stelmach, G. E., ed. (1978) Information processing in motor control and learning. Academic Press. [taEPS]Google Scholar
Stoy, J. E. (1977) Denotational semantics: The Scott–Strachey approach to programming language theory. MIT Press. [taEPS]Google Scholar
Swinney, D. A. (1981) Lexical processing during sentence comprehension: Effects of higher order constraints and implications for representation. In: The cognitive representation of speech, ed. Myers, T., Layer, J., and Anderson, J., pp. 201–09. North-Holland. [JCM]Google Scholar
Szentagothai, J. & Arbib, M. A. (1975) Conceptual models of neural organization. MIT Press. [taEPS]Google Scholar
Tanenhaus, M. K., Leiman, J. M. & Seidenberg, M. S. (1979) Evidence for multiple stages in the processing of ambiguous words in syntactic contexts. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior 18: 427–40. [JCM]Google Scholar
Tennant, B. D. (1976) The denotational semantics of programming languages. Commnunications of the ACM 19: 437–53. [taEPS]Google Scholar
Ullman, S. (1980) Against direct pereception. The Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3: 373–81. [rEPS]10.1017/S0140525X0000546X Google Scholar
Van Emden, M. H. & Kowalski, R. A. (1976) The semantics of predicate logic as a programming language. Journal of the Association for Comnputing Machinery 23: 733–42. [rEPS]Google Scholar
Von Neumann, J. (1958) The computer and the brain. Yale University Press. [taEPS]Google Scholar
Webb, , Judson, C. (1980) Mechanism, mentalism, and metamathematics. Beidel, D.. [MD]Google Scholar
Young, J. Z. (1964) A model of the brain. Clarendon Press. [taEPS]Google Scholar