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II. Finds Reported under the Portable Antiquities Scheme

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 August 2017

John Pearce  and
Sally Worrell
John Pearce
Affiliation:
Department of Classics, King's College Londonjohn.pearce@kcl.ac.uk
Sally Worrell
Affiliation:
Portable Antiquities Scheme, Institute of Archaeology, University College Londons.worrell@ucl.ac.uk
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Type
Roman Britain in 2016
Information
Britannia , Volume 48 , November 2017 , pp. 427 - 456
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s) 2017. Published by The Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies 

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References

1 Worrell, S., ‘Roman Britain in 2006. II. Finds reported under the Portable Antiquities Scheme’, Britannia 38 (2007), 303CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

2 The reduction in the working hours of the National Finds Advisor has made it impossible to undertake the labour required to extract the detailed information on individual finds categories required for compiling previous reports. These numbers can, however, be calculated by manipulating the data available online from the PAS website.

3 Hoards continue to be published in full through the Coin Hoards of Roman Britain series, as well as the individual coins being reported on the PAS database. A collaborative project on hoarding between the British Museum and the University of Leicester continues: ‘Crisis or Continuity. Hoarding in Iron Age and Roman Britain with special reference to the 3rd century ad’. The most recent interim results are reported by Bland, R., ‘Presidential address 2014: coin hoards and hoarding 3: radiate hoards’, British Numismatic Journal 85 (2015), 59–100Google Scholar.

4 Robbins, K., ‘Balancing the scales: exploring the variable effects of collection bias on data collected by the Portable Antiquities Scheme’, Landscapes 14 (2013), 54–72CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

5 Moorhead, S. and Walton, P., ‘Coins recorded with the Portable Antiquities Scheme: a summary’, Britannia 42 (2011), 432–7Google Scholar; Pearce, J. and Worrell, S., ‘Roman Britain in 2015. II. Finds reported under the Portable Antiquities Scheme’, Britannia 47 (2016), 361–3CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

6 A selection of the most important coins is published annually in the British Numismatic Journal by S. Moorhead.

7 Paul, 1,507 coins from a single fourth-century hoard (LVPL-8CC2AC / 2016T325); Pattingham and Patshull, 277 coins, mainly radiates (WMID-047036 / 2016T457); Stoke Lyne, two radiate hoards of c. 1,690 coins and c. 534 coins respectively, the former being retrieved during controlled excavation by A. Byard (BERK-2C9948 / 2016T753; BERK-A39DED / 2016T756 534).

8 Pearce and Worrell, op. cit. (note 5, 2016), 363.

9 Pearce and Worrell, op. cit. (note 5, 2016), 363.

10 The object descriptions present substantially revised versions of PAS database entries by the authors of this report. Further discussion of their form and significance is also added.

11 Throughout the year staff in the British Museum, in particular Ralph Jackson and Richard Hobbs, have provided invaluable advice in the identification of individual objects. We are indebted to Eleanor Ghey for observations on individual objects considered below and as ever, especially to Martin Henig for his generosity in discussing many of the artefacts published here. Again too we express our thanks to Barry Burnham for reading and commenting on a draft text. However responsibility for any errors in what follows is ours.

12 Found by L. Whittle. Recorded by D. Boughton, S.Worrell and J. Pearce.

13 A. Birley, Vindolanda The Small Finds. Fasc. 2, Security: The Keys and Locks: including an Outline Report on the Results of the Excavations to Date (1997), 30–4; E. Riha, Kästchen, Truhen, Tische: Möbelteile aus Augusta Raurica (2001), 73–4; Q. Mould, ‘Old Penrith. The finds', in Austen, P., Bewcastle and Old Penrith: A Roman Outpost Fort and a Frontier Vicus: Excavations 1977–78 (1991), 205, no. 783Google Scholar.

14 Menzel, H., Die römischen Bronzen aus Deutschland III. Bonn (1986), 141, no. 361, Taf. 132Google Scholar; Jitta, A.N. Zadoks-Josephus, Peters, W.J.T. and Witteveen, A.M., The Figural Bronzes (Rijksmuseum G. M. Kam) (1973), 98, no. 171Google Scholar.

15 Artefacts (CLS-4001) http://artefacts.mom.fr/fr/result.php?id=CLS-4001&find=CLS-4001&pagenum=1&affmod. Ulcombe, KENT-AC812C, with references to further PAS and published examples.

16 Found by J. Blair. Identified by S. Noon and S. Worrell.

17 Crummy, N., ‘And there's more’, Lucerna 27 (2004), 21Google Scholar, with references; Worrell, S., ‘Roman Britain in 2009. II. Finds reported under the Portable Antiquities Scheme’, Britannia 41 (2010), 436Google Scholar, for further examples and references.

18 Menzel, op. cit. (note 14), 143, no. 371, Taf. 132.

19 Found by S. Thomas. Identified by S. Worrell and J. Pearce.

20 D.M. Bailey, A Catalogue of the Lamps in the British Museum. IV. Lamps of Metal and Stone and Lampstands (1996), Q3947.

21 Cool, H.E.M., ‘Silver and copper-alloy objects (other than brooches)’, in Wrathmell, S. and Nicholson, A. (eds), Dalton Parlours: Iron Age Settlement and Roman Villa, Yorkshire Archaeology 3 (1990), 86–7, no. 30Google Scholar.

22 Henig, M., ‘Zoomorphic supports of cast bronze from Roman sites in Britain’, Archaeological Journal 127 (1970), 182–7CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

23 S. Cosh and D. Neal, Roman Mosaics of Britain. Vol. 4, Western Britain (2010), 107–10; Pearce and Worrell forthcoming for further examples.

24 This object will be more fully published in the forthcoming publication of fieldwork at Thwing and neighbouring sites in East Yorkshire: R. Ferraby, P. Johnson, M. Millett and L. Wallace (eds), Thwing, Rudston and the Roman-Period Exploitation of the Yorkshire Wolds, Yorks Archaeological Report no. 8. We are grateful to M. Millett and L. Wallace for the opportunity to publish this object in this report.

25 Found by S. Tyreman. Identified by R. Griffiths and J. Pearce.

26 See Tomlin, R.S.O., ‘Roman Britain in 2016. III. Inscriptions’, Britannia 48 (2017), no. 56Google Scholar.

27 S. Worrell, ‘Enamelled vessels and related objects reported to the Portable Antiquities Scheme 1997–2010’, in D. Breeze (ed.), The First Souvenirs. Enamelled Vessels from Hadrian's Wall (2012), 71–84; Worrell, S. and Pearce, J., ‘Roman Britain in 2011. II. Finds reported under the Portable Antiquities Scheme’, Britannia 43 (2012), 364–5, no. 7Google Scholar.

28 R. Jackson, ‘The Ilam Pan’, in D. Breeze (ed.), The First Souvenirs. Enamelled Vessels from Hadrian's Wall (2012), 41–61.

29 See Tomlin, R.S.O., ‘Roman Britain in 2016. III. Inscriptions’, Britannia 48 (2017), no. 8Google Scholar.

30 L. Allason Jones, ‘The Hildburgh fragment’, in D. Breeze (ed.), The First Souvenirs. Enamelled Vessels from Hadrian's Wall (2012), 61–4; ‘The Rudge Cup’, in D. Breeze (ed.), The First Souvenirs. Enamelled Vessels from Hadrian's Wall (2012), 23–36.

31 Found by K. Waudby. Recorded by R. Griffiths and S. Worrell.

32 Bayley, J. and Butcher, S., Roman Brooches in Britain. A Technological and Typological Study based on the Richborough Collection, Reports of the Research Committee of the Society of Antiquaries of London 68 (2004), 102, fig. 81CrossRefGoogle Scholar; S. Butcher, ‘The Romano-British brooches and enamelled objects’, in H.E.M. Cool and D.J.P. Mason, Roman Piercebridge. Excavations by D.W. Harding and P. Scott 1969–1981, The Architectural and Archaeological Society of Durham and Northumberland Research Report 7 (2008), ch. 11D. Brooches; D. Mackreth, Brooches in Late Iron Age and Roman Britain (2011), 198, pl. 135.

33 Found by R. Hamer. Identified by D. Boughton and E. Ghey. This record draws directly with limited revisions on E. Ghey's write-up of the object for the Treasure process. She suggests that the bird may stand on a palm branch.

34 Allason-Jones, L., Ear-rings in Roman Britain, BAR British Series 201 (1989), 8–9Google Scholar.

35 Henig, M., A Corpus of Engraved Gemstones from Romano-British Sites, BAR 8, 3rd edn (2007), 202, appendix no. 82CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

36 H. Guiraud, Intailles et camées de l’époque romaine en Gaule (territoire français), 48th supplement to Gallia (2003), pl. L, nos 750 and 753.

37 Johns, C., The Snettisham Roman Jeweller's Hoard (1997), 93, no. 203 (BM 1986,0401.203)Google Scholar.

38 Found by D. Ellery. Recorded by A. Downes and S. Worrell.

39 Worrell, op. cit. (note 1, 2007), 341–7; Wild, J.-P., ‘Button-and-loop fasteners in the Roman provinces’, Britannia 1 (1970), 137–55CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

40 Found by H. Jenkins. Identified and recorded by A. Daubney and J. Pearce.

41 Tassinari, S., Il vasellame bronzeo di Pompei (1993), Vol. 1, 85–6Google Scholar.

42 Milleker, E.J., ‘Ancient art: gifts from the Norbert Schimmel Collection’, The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin 49.4 (1992), 62Google Scholar.

43 Tassinari, op. cit. (note 41), Vol. 1, 227–9.

44 Tassinari, op. cit. (note 41), e.g. nos 5321, 10653, 10661, catalogued in Vol. 1 (p. 110 for 5321, p. 160 for 10653 and 10661) and illustrated in Vol. 2, 192–3.

45 Tassinari, op. cit. (note 41), Vol. 2, 194, no. 3649.

46 Hill, J.D., Spence, A.J., Niece, S. La and Worrell, S., ‘The Winchester Hoard: a find of unique Iron Age gold jewellery from Southern England’, Antiquaries Journal 84 (2004), 14–15CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

47 Found by H. Winstanley. Recorded by A. Daubney, J. Pearce and S. Worrell.

48 Chapman, E.M., A Catalogue of Roman Military Equipment in the National Museum of Wales, BAR British Series 388 (2005), 111–13Google Scholar.

49 A. Appels and S. Laycock, Roman Buckles and Military Fittings (2007), 70, fig. AA8.5, dated to the end of the first or early second centuries.

50 For example, harness mounts and studs Ludford, Lincs.: Worrell, S. and Pearce, J., ‘Roman Britain in 2013. II. Finds reported under the Portable Antiquities Scheme’, Britannia 45 (2014), 410–11, no. 11Google Scholar, with further references. E.g. Horton-cum-Peel, Cheshire, disc brooch: Worrell, S. and Pearce, J., ‘Roman Britain in 2014. II. Finds reported under the Portable Antiquities Scheme’, Britannia 46 (2015), 363–5, no. 7Google Scholar, with further references.

51 Found by J. Edeson. Identified by A. Willis, J. Pearce and S. Worrell.

52 Near Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk (SF-174985); Scotter, Lincs. (SWYOR-DEACA5); Brantingham, E Yorks. (YORYM-0CD32C); Scarning, Norfolk (SF-5CA222). Their form is similar to that of a plate brooch illustrated by R. Hattatt, A Visual Catalogue of Richard Hattatt's Ancient Brooches (1989), 356, fig. 215, no. 1619.

53 M. Feugère, Les fibules en Gaule méridionale: de la conquête à la fin du Ve s. ap. J.-C. (1985), 357, Type 26.

54 Hattatt, op. cit. (note 52), 352, fig. 211; Mackreth, op. cit. (note 32), 167–9, pls 110–11; cf. F. Pietruk, Les fibules romaines des musées de Metz (2005), 120–1, pl. 54; M. Tache, Fibules antiques celtiques, romaines, mérovingiennes (2015), pls MTF 168–9.

55 Found by D. Barthur. Identified by T. Gilmore and R. Jackson.

56 R. Jackson (pers. comm.); J. Brailsford, Hod Hill 1: Antiquities from Hod Hill in the Durden Collection (1962), 2, A25–A27, fig. 2.

57 Found by I. Wild. Identified and recorded by T. Gilmore and S. Laycock.

58 Appels and Laycock, op. cit. (note 49), 167–88.

59 Found by J. Good. Identified and recorded by P. Reavill and S. Worrell.

60 Pearce and Worrell, op. cit. (note 5, 2016), 374–5, no. 11, with further references.

61 Menzel, op. cit. (note 14), 144, no. 376, Taf. 133; Boucher, S., Bronzes romains figurés du Musée des Beaux-Arts à Lyon (1973), 146, no. 229Google Scholar; Fleischer, R., Die römischen Bronzen aus Österreich (1967), 188, no. 268, Taf. 129Google Scholar.

62 Found by N.J. Preece. Recorded by V. Allnatt and S. Worrell.

63 Jope, E.M., Early Celtic Art in the British Isles (2000), 291, nos 252–3Google Scholar; MacGregor, M., Early Celtic Art in North Britain (1976), vol. 1, 141–2; vol. 2, no. 273Google Scholar.

64 Julia Farley, pers. comm.; Jody Joy, pers. comm.

65 Found by S. Foster. Identified by F. Minter.

66 J. Nikolay, Armed Batavians. Use and Significance of Weaponry and Horse Gear from Non-military Contexts in the Rhine Delta (2007), 49–50, 370, pl. 59.

67 Found by A. Jarrett. Recorded by J. Shoemark and J. Pearce.

68 C. Johns, The Hoxne Late Roman Treasure (2010), 63–8.

69 For the Banasa tigress and its parallels, Picot, S. Boube, Les Bronzes antiques du Maroc. III. Les chars et l'attelage (1980), 213, no. 342Google Scholar, ‘destinées à décorer chacune des extremités de la partie antérieure de la caisse du char’; Appendix II documents other instances, including many from central Europe. C. Roring, Untersuchungen zu römischen Reisewagen (1983).

70 Krausz, S. and Coulon, G., ‘Hercule, le lion et le cheval: les bronzes romains du puits 269 de Châteaumeillant/Mediolanum (Cher)’, Gallia 72.2 (2015), 301–20CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

71 Johns, op. cit. (note 68), 68–9.

72 Worrell, S., ‘Roman Britain in 2005. II. Finds reported under the Portable Antiquities Scheme’, Britannia 37 (2006), 452–3, no. 21Google Scholar; Worrell, op. cit. (note 1, 2007), 340–1, no. 38.

73 Found by C. Reeve. Identified by S. Ashley.

74 A. Marsden, ‘Satyrs, leopards, riders and ravens. Anthropomorphic and zoomorphic objects from Roman Norfolk; a safari through the county's religious landscape’, in S. Ashley and A. Marsden (eds), Landscapes and Artefacts. Studies in East Anglian Archaeology presented to Andrew Rogerson (2014), 59–61. As well as the others listed by Marsden (Elsing, HER 30334; Feltwell, HER 22920; Kenninghall, HER 35131; Thetford), a further example is recently reported from Wood Dalling (NMS-FD77B5).

75 Tassinari, op. cit. (note 41), Vol. 1, 218, 222.

76 Found by D. Fox. Identified by A. Rogerson and A. Marsden.

77 R. Goodburn, F. Grew and D. Wilson, ‘The non-ferrous metal objects’, in Frere, S.S., Verulamium Excavations Volume III, Oxford University Committee for Archaeology Monograph 1 (1984), 43–4, nos 138–9Google Scholar, with further references.

78 Found by S. Smith. Identified by B. Paites and J. Pearce.

79 Durham, E., ‘Depicting the gods. Metal figurines in Roman Britain’, Internet Archaeology 31 (2012), 3.35Google Scholar http://intarch.ac.uk/journal/issue31/2/3.35.16.html. See also M. Henig, ‘Appendix two: a copper-alloy owl’, in R. Niblett, The Excavations of a Ceremonial Site at Folly Lane, Verulamium (1999), 426. The following references describe the figurines from the sites concerned and list further references: Leibundgut, A., Die römischen Bronzen der Schweiz II Avenches (1976), 65, no. 49, Taf. 47Google Scholar; Toutain, J., ‘Fouilles d'Alesia’, Gallia 2 (1944), 124–6Google Scholar; Zadoks-Josephus Jitta et al., op. cit. (note 14), 35. no. 47.

80 Green, M.J., Corpus of Small Cult Objects from the Military Areas of Roman Britain, BAR 52 (1978), 210Google Scholar.

81 Found by L. Poulter. Recorded by H. Fowler and J. Pearce.

82 For example tripod feet as documented by Pearce and Worrell, op. cit. (note 5, 2016), 370, no. 7, with further references; candlestick drip-holders, Worrell, S. and Pearce, J., ‘Roman Britain in 2010. II. Finds reported under the Portable Antiquities Scheme’, Britannia 42 (2011), 421–2Google Scholar, with further references; knife-handles, Worrell and Pearce, op. cit. (note 50, 2014), 418, with further references.

83 Found by R. Cranham. Recorded by R. Henry.

84 Crummy, N., The Roman Small Finds from Excavations in Colchester, Colchester Archaeological Report 2 (1983), 30–1, no. 503, fig. 31Google Scholar; Worrell, op. cit. (note 72, 2006), 463, no. 33.

85 Found by J. Hinchcliffe. Recorded by C. Haywood Trevarthen and J. Pearce.

86 G. Boon, ‘The other objects of copper alloy’, in Fulford, M. and Timby, J., Late Iron Age and Roman Silchester Excavations on the Site of the Forum-Basilica, 1977, 1980–86 (2000), 346, no. 81, figs 161–3Google Scholar.

87 Found by A. Sharp. Identified and recorded by K. Adams.

88 Martin Henig suggested this possible parallel to us. Stead, I.M., ‘The reconstruction of Iron Age buckets from Aylesford and Baldock’, The British Museum Quarterly 35 (1971), 250–82CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

89 Found by M. Weaver. Identified and recorded by K. Adams and S. Worrell.

90 G. Webster, ‘A hoard of Roman military equipment from Fremington Hagg’, in R.M. Butler (ed.), Soldier and Civilian in Roman Yorkshire (1971), 107–26; Jenkins, I., ‘A group of silvered-bronze horse-trappings from Xanten (Castra Vetera)’, Britannia 16 (1985), 141–64CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

91 Chapman, op. cit (note 48), 132–3, Tc03-06. Nikolay, op. cit. (note 66), pl. 65.

92 Found by P. Peach. Identified and recorded by F. Basford and B. Ager, on whose note to F. Basford this entry draws extensively.

93 Ager, B., ‘A late Roman buckle- or belt-plate in the British Museum, said to be from Northern France’, Medieval Archaeology 40 (1996), 206–11CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

94 Found by K. and K. Withington. Recorded by M. Erwin and J. Ahmet. Identified by J. Pearce and S. Worrell.

95 Pietruk, op. cit. (note 54), 125–6; Notte, L. and Révillion, S., ‘A propos d'une fibule gallo-romaine de la collection Théry’, Revue du Nord 71 (1989), 153–63CrossRefGoogle Scholar. For boar figurines, Durham, op. cit. (note 79), http://intarch.ac.uk/journal/issue31/2/3.35.1.html.

96 Pietruk, op. cit. (note 54), 125–6, with further references.

97 Artefacts, ‘Enamelled brooch’ (FIB-4734) http://artefacts.mom.fr/en/result.php?id=FIB-4734&find=FIB-4734&pagenum=1&affmode=vign). Feugère, op. cit. (note 53), 357, type 26e; Notte and Révillion, op. cit. (note 95), 153–63.

98 Notte and Révillion, op. cit. (note 95), 163; Pietruk, op. cit. (note 54), 125–6.