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The effects of dietary energy restriction on overloaded skeletal muscle in rats‡

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Khalid Almurshed  and
Katharine Grunewald
Khalid Almurshed
Affiliation:
Department of Human Nutrition, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506-1407, USA
Katharine Grunewald*
Affiliation:
Department of Human Nutrition, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506-1407, USA
*
*Corresponding author:Dr Katharine Grunewald, fax +1 785 532 3132, email grunew@humec.ksu.edu
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Abstract

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We evaluated the effects of three levels of energy intake, 73 % (CON73), 81 % (CON81) and 100 % (CON100) of the ad libitum intake of the control diet, on skeletal muscle growth induced by functional overload in male rats. Unlike most previous studies which have employed chronic or acute food restriction where all nutrients are reduced in the diet, the present study tested the effects of energy deprivation as a single factor without inducing other nutritional deficiencies. Muscular growth of plantaris and soleus muscles was induced by removal of synergist gastrocnemius muscles in one hindlimb; muscles in the other leg were used as sham-operated intra-animal controls. After 30 d, rats on the energy-restricted CON73 and CON81 diets gained less weight and had smaller livers, kidneys, hearts and fat pads (epididymal, retroperitoneal and omental) than CON100 rats (P<0·05). They also had smaller sham-operated plantaris muscles (CON73 -13 %, CON81 -9 %) containing less total protein (CON73 -14 %; CON81 -10 %) than CON100 rats (P<0·05). However, the same measurements in overloaded plantaris muscles were similar among groups. Soleus muscle mass and protein contents were not significantly affected by energy restriction in our study. Percentage distributions of myosin heavy-chain isoforms (types I, IIa, IIx and IIb) were similar among rats in CON100, CON81 and CON73 groups for both plantaris and soleus muscles. We conclude that the growth reduction of plantaris muscle induced by energy restriction at 73 % and 81 % for 30 d was prevented by functional overload in male rats.

Keywords

Dietary energySkeletal muscleMuscular overload
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 84 , Issue 5 , November 2000 , pp. 697 - 704
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2000

Footnotes

‡

Presented in part at the 1997 17th Intern ational Congress of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology in San Francisco, CA, USA, and published in abstract form (Almurshed & Grunewald, 1997).

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