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Efficacy of massive oral doses of retinyl palmitate and mango (Mangifera indica L.) consumption to correct an existing vitamin A deficiency in Senegalese children

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Cécile Carlier ,
Michel Etchepare ,
Jean-François Ceccon ,
Marie-Sophie Mourey  and
Olivier Amédée-Manesme
Cécile Carlier
Affiliation:
Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité 56, Hôpital de Bicêtre, 78 Avenue de Général Leclerc, 94275 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
Michel Etchepare
Affiliation:
Organisme de Recherche sur l'Alimentation et la Nutrition Africaines (ORANA), 39 boulevard Pasteur, BP 2089, Dakar, Sénégal
Jean-François Ceccon
Affiliation:
Organisme de Recherche sur l'Alimentation et la Nutrition Africaines (ORANA), 39 boulevard Pasteur, BP 2089, Dakar, Sénégal
Marie-Sophie Mourey
Affiliation:
Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité 56, Hôpital de Bicêtre, 78 Avenue de Général Leclerc, 94275 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
Olivier Amédée-Manesme
Affiliation:
Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité 56, Hôpital de Bicêtre, 78 Avenue de Général Leclerc, 94275 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France Association de Recherche en Vitaminologie Pédiatrique (ARVP), 11 Parc Alexandre Dumas, Marly le Roi, 78160, France
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Abstract

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Administration of large oral doses of retinyl palmitate has become the most widely practised vitamin A deficiency prevention strategy in developing countries. We conducted a follow-up study among 220 Senegalese children aged 2–7 years suffering from moderate undernutrition to determine the efficacy of vitamin A treatment on their vitamin A status assessed by biochemical and cytological (impression cytology with transfer) methods. The first examination (T = 0 m[onth]) was carried out during April 1989, before the mango (Mangifera indica L,) harvest. The second examination (T = 2 m) was carried out 2 months after vitamin A treatment during June 1989 when ripe mangoes become widely available. Conjunctival cells of the eyes of the children with or without ocular inflammation were responsive to vitamin A administration (P < 0.01). There was a significant increase (P < 0.001) in mean serum retinol and β-carotene levels between T = 0 m and T = 2 m. Mean serum retinol-binding protein (RBP) and transthyretin (TTR) levels did not differ significantly (P > 0.05) at T = 0 m and T = 2 m. Despite the intake of vitamin A, 54% of the children who had abnormal cytology at T = 0 m remained abnormal at T = 2 m. This was due to inadequate levels of TTR and RBP, presumably due to the cereal diet eaten by the Senegalese population. Children with abnormal eye cytology had lower serum retinol levels than those with normal eyes at T = 0 m, and β-carotene values did not correlate with eye cytological abnormalities at T = 0 m. Children with normal cytology had higher serum retinol and also β-carotene levels than those with abnormal cytology after massive oral doses of vitamin A and consumption of mangoes at T = 2 m. Retinyl palmitate may, therefore, only lead to partial cytological improvement due to a lack of retinol-carrier proteins but dietary β-carotene may also be involved

Keywords

Oral retinyl palmitateCarotenoidsUndernutritionImpression cytology with transfer
Type
Vitamin A Supplementation
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 68 , Issue 2 , September 1992 , pp. 529 - 540
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1992

References

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