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Nutritional status of preschool Senegalese children: long-term effects of early severe malnutrition

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Nicole Idohou-Dossou ,
Salimata Wade ,
Amadou T. Guiro ,
Cheikh S. Sarr ,
Babou Diaham ,
Djibril Cissé ,
Jean-Pierre Beau ,
Philippe Chappuis ,
Daniel Hoffman  and
Daniel Lemonnier
Nicole Idohou-Dossou*
Affiliation:
Equipe de Nutrition et Alimentation, Laboratoire de Physiologie, Département de Biologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Sénégal
Salimata Wade
Affiliation:
Equipe de Nutrition et Alimentation, Laboratoire de Physiologie, Département de Biologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Sénégal
Amadou T. Guiro
Affiliation:
Equipe de Nutrition et Alimentation, Laboratoire de Physiologie, Département de Biologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Sénégal
Cheikh S. Sarr
Affiliation:
Equipe de Nutrition et Alimentation, Laboratoire de Physiologie, Département de Biologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Sénégal
Babou Diaham
Affiliation:
Equipe de Nutrition et Alimentation, Laboratoire de Physiologie, Département de Biologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Sénégal
Djibril Cissé
Affiliation:
Equipe de Nutrition et Alimentation, Laboratoire de Physiologie, Département de Biologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Sénégal
Jean-Pierre Beau*
Affiliation:
Equipe de Nutrition et Alimentation, Laboratoire de Physiologie, Département de Biologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Sénégal
Philippe Chappuis
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France
Daniel Hoffman
Affiliation:
Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, The State University of New Jersey, 96 Lipman Dr., New Brunswick NJ 08901, USA
Daniel Lemonnier
Affiliation:
GRPN, Pédiatrie, CHU Charles Nicolle, Rouen, France
*
*Corresponding author: Dr Nicole Idohou-Dossou, fax +221 832 44 15, email ndossou@refer.sn
†In memoriam.
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Abstract

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The prevalence of malnutrition remains high in many developing countries. However, data relating to the long-term effects of severe malnutrition, specifically, serum levels of biochemical indicators of nutritional status, are still scarce in the literature. Hence the present study aimed to investigate the nutritional, biological and growth status of Senegalese preschool children previously hospitalised for severe malnutrition. The study involved twenty-four 7-year-old children who had suffered from marasmus 5 years earlier, twenty-four siblings living in the same household, and nineteen age-matched children living in the centre of Dakar. The siblings were of similar age to the post-marasmic children. Anthropometry, serum biochemical indicators of nutritional status, growth factors, and haematological and mineral parameters were measured. The prevalence of stunting and wasting was the same in the post-marasmic children as in the siblings. Body-fat and fat-free-mass (FFM) deficits in both groups were corroborated by abnormally low concentrations of transthyretin, osteocalcin, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein (IGFBP)-3. FFM was positively and significantly correlated with concentrations of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3. In the post-marasmic children, height for age was also correlated with IGF-1. Of the post-marasmic children, 53 % had Fe-deficiency anaemia, as did 35 % of the siblings and 29 % of the controls. No significant associations were found between the serum concentrations of Ca, Cu, K, Mg, Na, P, Se, Zn and growth retardation. At 5 years after nutritional rehabilitation, the post-marasmic children remained stunted with nutritional indices significantly lower than the control children. However, these children were doing as well as their siblings except for minor infections.

Keywords

StuntingBiochemical markersMineral statusAnaemiaWest Africa
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 90 , Issue 6 , December 2003 , pp. 1123 - 1132
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2003

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