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Oxidative stress in marathon runners: interest of antioxidant supplementation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 March 2007

Mari-Carmen Gomez-Cabrera ,
Agustín Martínez ,
Gustavo Santangelo ,
Federico V. Pallardó ,
Juan Sastre  and
Jose Viña
Mari-Carmen Gomez-Cabrera
Affiliation:
Catholic University of Valencia, Spain
Agustín Martínez
Affiliation:
Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, School of Medicine, Blasco Ibañez 15, E-46010 Valencia
Gustavo Santangelo
Affiliation:
Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, School of Medicine, Blasco Ibañez 15, E-46010 Valencia
Federico V. Pallardó
Affiliation:
Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, School of Medicine, Blasco Ibañez 15, E-46010 Valencia
Juan Sastre
Affiliation:
Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, School of Medicine, Blasco Ibañez 15, E-46010 Valencia
Jose Viña*
Affiliation:
Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, School of Medicine, Blasco Ibañez 15, E-46010 Valencia
*
*Corresponding author: Dr Jose Viña, fax +34 96 386 46 42, email jose.vina@uv.es
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Abstract

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We have recently reported that xanthine oxidase is involved in the generation of free radicals in exhaustive exercise. Allopurinol, an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase, prevents it. The aim of the present work was to elucidate the role of exercise-derived reactive oxygen species in the cell signalling pathways involved in the adaptation to exercise in man. We have found that exercise causes an increase in the activity of plasma xanthine oxidase and an activation of NF-κB in peripheral blood lymphocytes after marathon running. This activation is dependent on free radical formation in exercise: treatment with allopurinol completely prevents it. In animal models, we previously showed that NF-κB activation induced by exhaustive physical exercise leads to an increase in the expression of superoxide dismutase, an enzyme involved in antioxidant defence. We report evidence in man that reactive oxygen species act as signals in exercise as decreasing their formation prevents activation of important signalling pathways which can cause useful adaptations in cells.

Keywords

NF-κBReactive oxygen speciesSignal transductionMarathon runners
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 96 , Issue S1 , August 2006 , pp. S31 - S33
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2006

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