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Weight regain after slimming induced by an energy-restricted diet depends on interleukin-6 and peroxisome-proliferator-activated-receptor-γ2 gene polymorphisms

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 March 2007

Estibaliz Goyenechea ,
M. Dolores Parra  and
J. Alfredo Martínez
Estibaliz Goyenechea
Affiliation:
Department of Physiology and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
M. Dolores Parra
Affiliation:
Department of Physiology and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
J. Alfredo Martínez*
Affiliation:
Department of Physiology and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
*
*Corresponding author: Professor J. Alfredo Martínez, fax +34 948425649, email jalfmtz@unav.es
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Abstract

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Weight-loss maintenance after following an energy-restricted diet is a major problem that a number of studies are trying to characterise. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of IL-6 -174G > C and PPAR-γ2 Pro12Ala variants on weight regulation in obese subjects receiving a low-energy diet and at 1 year after the acute slimming period. Sixty-seven volunteers (age 34·7 (sd 7·0) years; BMI 35·8 (sd 4·8) kg/m2) were enrolled in a 10-week dietary intervention and were contacted again 1 year after the end of this period. Body composition was measured at three times during the study. Also, PPAR-γ2 Pro12Ala and IL-6 -174G > C polymorphisms were analysed in the participants. No statistical differences were observed depending on the genetic variants at baseline for anthropometric variables, or after the intervention. However, the C allele of the -174G > C IL-6 gene polymorphism was more frequently observed (P=0·032) in subjects with successful weight maintenance (<10 % weight regain). In fact, the C allele partially protected against weight regain (odds ratio 0·24; P=0·049), while the conjoint presence of both gene variants (C+ and Ala+) further improved the ability for weight maintenance (odds ratio 0·19; P=0·043). The present study demonstrates that the C allele of the -174G > C polymorphism gives protection against regain of weight lost. Moreover, the presence of the Ala allele of the PPARγ-2 together with the C allele strengthens this protection. These findings support a role for these polymorphisms on weight regulation and suggest a synergetic effect of both variants on weight maintenance after following a diet to lose weight.

Keywords

Interleukin-6ObesityWeight lossGene–nutrient interactions
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 96 , Issue 5 , November 2006 , pp. 965 - 972
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2006

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