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Malathion-specific resistance in a strain of the rust red grain beetle Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Cucujidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

A.G. Spencer ,
N.R. Price  and
A. Callaghan
A.G. Spencer*
Affiliation:
School of Animal and Microbial Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, Berkshire, RG6 6AJ, UK
N.R. Price
Affiliation:
Ministry of Agriculture Fisheries and Food, Central Science Laboratory, Sand Hutton, York, YO4 1LZ, UK
A. Callaghan
Affiliation:
School of Animal and Microbial Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, Berkshire, RG6 6AJ, UK
*
*Danish Pest Infestation Laboratory, Skovbrynet 14, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. Fax: 0045 45931155 E-mail: a.spencer@ssl.dk
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Abstract

A strain of Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) bred for malathion-specific resistance was found to be 650 fold resistant at LD50 when compared with a susceptible strain bred from the same stock. Resistance was more than 98% synergized by triphenyl phosphate and S,S,S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate, but unaffected by piperonyl butoxide. AChE inhibition by malaoxon varied slightly between the strains. Non-specific esterase activity as measured by the hydrolysis of α-naphthyl acetate was slightly reduced in the resistant strain whereas there were no inter-strain differences in the hydrolysis of β-naphthyl acetate. Products of in vitro metabolism of malathion were identified by thin-layer chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry as α- and β-malathion mono-acids. It was therefore concluded that resistance was due to the hydrolytic breakdown of malathion by a malathion-specific carboxylesterase. The rate of in vitro malathion hydrolysis was found to be 31 times greater in the resistant strain. In vitro inhibition studies indicated that resistance is attributable to a carboxylesterase unique to the resistant strain. The implications of these results are discussed in relation to work recently carried out on malathion-specific resistance in dipterous species.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 88 , Issue 2 , April 1998 , pp. 199 - 206
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1998

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