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Seasonal and annual genotypic variation and the effect of climate on population genetic structure of the cereal aphid Sitobion avenae in northern France

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 December 2007

C.-A. Dedryver ,
J.-F. Le Gallic ,
L. Haack ,
F. Halkett ,
Y. Outreman  and
J.-C. Simon
C.-A. Dedryver*
Affiliation:
UMR 1099 INRA-Agrocampus Rennes ‘Biologie des Organismes et des Populations appliquée à la Protection des Plantes’ (BiO3P), Domaine de la Motte, F35653Le Rheu, France
J.-F. Le Gallic
Affiliation:
UMR 1099 INRA-Agrocampus Rennes ‘Biologie des Organismes et des Populations appliquée à la Protection des Plantes’ (BiO3P), Domaine de la Motte, F35653Le Rheu, France
L. Haack
Affiliation:
UMR 1099 INRA-Agrocampus Rennes ‘Biologie des Organismes et des Populations appliquée à la Protection des Plantes’ (BiO3P), Domaine de la Motte, F35653Le Rheu, France
F. Halkett
Affiliation:
UMR 1099 INRA-Agrocampus Rennes ‘Biologie des Organismes et des Populations appliquée à la Protection des Plantes’ (BiO3P), Domaine de la Motte, F35653Le Rheu, France
Y. Outreman
Affiliation:
UMR 1099 INRA-Agrocampus Rennes ‘Biologie des Organismes et des Populations appliquée à la Protection des Plantes’ (BiO3P), Domaine de la Motte, F35653Le Rheu, France
J.-C. Simon
Affiliation:
UMR 1099 INRA-Agrocampus Rennes ‘Biologie des Organismes et des Populations appliquée à la Protection des Plantes’ (BiO3P), Domaine de la Motte, F35653Le Rheu, France
*
*Author for correspondence Fax: 0033 223 485 150 E-mail: charles-antoine.dedryver@rennes.inra.fr
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Abstract

Changes in the genetic structure and genotypic variation of the aphid Sitobion avenae collected from cereal crops in northern France were examined by analysing variation at five microsatellite loci across several years and seasons. Little regional and temporal differentiation was detected, as shown by very low FST among populations. Repeated genotypes, significant heterozygote deficits, positive FIS values and frequent linkage disequilibria were found in nearly all samples, suggesting an overall pattern of reproductive mode variation in S. avenae populations. In addition, samples from Brittany (Bretagne) showed greater signs of asexual reproduction than those from the north of France, indicating a trend toward increasing sexuality northward. These patterns of reproductive variation in S. avenae are consistent with theoretical models of selection of aphid reproductive modes by climate. Contrasting with little changes in allelic frequencies, genotypic composition varied substantially in time and, to a lesser extent, in space. An important part of changes in genotypic arrays was due to the variation in frequency distribution of common genotypes, i.e. those that were found at several instances in the samples. Genotypic composition was also shown to vary according to climate, as genotypic diversity in spring was significantly correlated with the severity of the previous winter and autumn. We propose that the genetic homogeneity among S. avenae populations shown here across large temporal and spatial scales is the result of two forces: (i) migration conferred by high dispersal capabilities, and (ii) selection over millions of hectares of cereals (mostly wheat) bred from a narrow genetic base.

Keywords

crop pestsmicrosatellitesclonal diversitygenetic differentiationreproductive strategiesdispersaloverwintering
Type
Research Paper
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 98 , Issue 2 , April 2008 , pp. 159 - 168
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2007

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