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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 24 December 2009
By A.D. 1616 Nurhachu had become the acknowledged leader of the Tartar tribes which he had overcome one by one. In this year, at the request of the chiefs, he assumed the title of Emperor, with T'ien Ming as reign-title. T'ai Tsu to give him his dynastic name, captured Moukden in 1621 and transferred his capital thither in 1625. He died in 1626.
T'ai Tsu's son, whose Ch'ing dynastic title is T'ai Tsung , succeeded in 1627 and took the reign-title T'ien Ts'ung which he retained until 1635. He continued his father's conquests and his influence increased. In that year the time seemed to have come for the assumption of a new dignity so he took to himself a dynasty, naming it Ta Ch'ing .
page787 note 1 Brief reference is made to the erection of the Tempie in the Encyclopedia Britannica: Moukden, and by James, H. E. M. in The Long White Mountain.Google Scholar It is not included in a list of China's monuments published by the China Monument Society in theJournal of the North China Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society (vol. 43, 1912).Google Scholar
page788 note 1 This plan may not be accurate. The text of the Shêng-ching t'ung chih states that there were nine steps, for example, whereas the plan shows but one flight of three.
page788 note 2 Topography of the Province of Shêng-ching (Fêng-t'ien).
page790 note 1 Full title:.
page790 note 2 ═ 11 ft. 9 in. English measure.
page790 note 3 i.e. the first year of his reign in Peking.
page791 note 1 This was the precise arrangement of the tiles of the original Altar of Heaven in Peking.
page791 note 2 The wall of the Temple of Heaven in Peking is square.
page791 note 3 The list is too long and detailed to be included hero.
page793 note 1 See comment on p. 788 by Mr. C. H. Brewitt-Taylor.
page794 note 1 Eloge de la Ville de Moukden … Paris, 1770.Google Scholar