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Environmental pollution and mental health: a narrative review of literature

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 April 2020

Antonio Ventriglio Open the ORCID record for Antonio Ventriglio [Opens in a new window] ,
Antonello Bellomo ,
Ilaria di Gioia ,
Dario Di Sabatino ,
Donato Favale ,
Domenico De Berardis  and
Paolo Cianconi Open the ORCID record for Paolo Cianconi [Opens in a new window]
Antonio Ventriglio*
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
Antonello Bellomo
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
Ilaria di Gioia
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
Dario Di Sabatino
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
Donato Favale
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
Domenico De Berardis
Affiliation:
Department of Mental Health, Teramo, Italy University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
Paolo Cianconi
Affiliation:
Catholic University, Rome, Italy
*
Antonio Ventriglio, Email: a.ventriglio@libero.it
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Abstract

Pollutant agents are exponentially increasing in modern society since industrialization processes and technology are being developed worldwide. Impact of pollution on public health is well known but little has been described on the association between environmental pollutants and mental health. A literature search on PubMed and EMBASE has been conducted and 134 articles published on the issue of pollution and mental health have been included, cited, reviewed, and summarized. Emerging evidences have been collected on association between major environmental pollutants (air pollutants, heavy metals, ionizing radiation [IR], organophosphate pesticides, light pollution, noise pollution, environmental catastrophes) and various mental health disorders including anxiety, mood, and psychotic syndromes. Underlying pathogenesis includes direct and indirect effects of these agents on brain, respectively, due to their biological effect on human Central Nervous System or related to some levels of stress generated by the exposure to the pollutant agents over the time. Most of emerging evidences are still nonconclusive. Further studies should clarify how industrial production, the exploitation of certain resources, the proximity to waste and energy residues, noise, and the change in lifestyles are connected with psychological distress and mental health problems for the affected populations.

Keywords

pollutionmental healthradiationsheavy metalsnoiseenvironment
Type
Review
Information
CNS Spectrums , Volume 26 , Issue 1 , February 2021 , pp. 51 - 61
Copyright
© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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