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Associations between classroom climate and children's externalizing symptoms: The moderating effect of kindergarten children's parasympathetic reactivity

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 June 2019

Danielle S. Roubinov ,
Nicole R. Bush ,
Melissa J. Hagan ,
Jason Thompson  and
W. Thomas Boyce
Danielle S. Roubinov*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
Nicole R. Bush
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
Melissa J. Hagan
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA Department of Psychology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, USA
Jason Thompson
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
W. Thomas Boyce
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
*
Author for Correspondence: Danielle S. Roubinov, University of California, San Francisco, Department of Psychiatry, 3333 California Avenue, Suite 465, San Francisco, CA94118; E-mail: danielle.roubinov@ucsf.edu.
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Abstract

Classrooms are key social settings that impact children's mental health, though individual differences in physiological reactivity may render children more or less susceptible to classroom environments. In a diverse sample of children from 19 kindergarten classrooms (N = 338, 48% female, M age = 5.32 years), we examined whether children's parasympathetic reactivity moderated the association between classroom climate and externalizing symptoms. Independent observers coded teachers’ use of child-centered and teacher-directed instructional practices across classroom social and management domains. Children's respiratory sinus arrhythmia reactivity to challenge tasks was assessed in fall and a multi-informant measure of externalizing was collected in fall and spring. Both the social and the management domains of classroom climate significantly interacted with children's respiratory sinus arrhythmia reactivity to predict spring externalizing symptoms, controlling for fall symptoms. For more reactive children, as classrooms shifted toward greater proportional use of child-centered methods, externalizing symptoms declined, whereas greater use of teacher-dominated practices was associated with increased symptoms. Conversely, among less reactive children, exposure to more teacher-dominated classroom management practices was associated with lower externalizing. Consistent with the theory of biological sensitivity to context, considering variability in children's physiological reactivity aids understanding of the salience of the classroom environment for children's mental health.

Keywords

autonomic nervous systemclassroom climateexternalizingparasympathetic reactivity
Type
Regular Articles
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 32 , Issue 2 , May 2020 , pp. 661 - 672
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019

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Footnotes

*

Dr. Thompson is now at Marin City Health & Wellness

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