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Toddler dysregulated fear predicts continued risk for social anxiety symptoms in early adolescence

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 March 2020

Kristin A. Buss Open the ORCID record for Kristin A. Buss [Opens in a new window] ,
Sunghye Cho ,
Santiago Morales ,
Meghan McDoniel ,
Ann Frank Webb ,
Adam Schwartz ,
Pamela M. Cole ,
Lorah D. Dorn ,
Scott Gest  and
Doug M. Teti
Kristin A. Buss*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
Sunghye Cho
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
Santiago Morales
Affiliation:
Program in Neuroscience and Cognitive Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
Meghan McDoniel
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
Ann Frank Webb
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
Adam Schwartz
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
Pamela M. Cole
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
Lorah D. Dorn
Affiliation:
Department of Nursing, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
Scott Gest
Affiliation:
Department of Human Services, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
Doug M. Teti
Affiliation:
Department of Human Development & Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
*
Author for Correspondence: Kristin A. Buss, 140 Moore Building, Department of Psychology, University Park, PA16802; E-mail: kab37@psu.edu.
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Abstract

Identifying early risk factors for the development of social anxiety symptoms has important translational implications. Accurately identifying which children are at the highest risk is of critical importance, especially if we can identify risk early in development. We examined continued risk for social anxiety symptoms at the transition to adolescence in a community sample of children (n = 112) that had been observed for high fearfulness at age 2 and tracked for social anxiety symptoms from preschool through age 6. In our previous studies, we found that a pattern of dysregulated fear (DF), characterized by high fear in low threat contexts, predicted social anxiety symptoms at ages 3, 4, 5, and 6 years across two samples. In the current study, we re-evaluated these children at 11–13 years of age by using parent and child reports of social anxiety symptoms, parental monitoring, and peer relationship quality. The scores for DF uniquely predicted adolescents’ social anxiety symptoms beyond the prediction that was made by more proximal measures of behavioral (e.g., kindergarten social withdrawal) and concurrent environmental risk factors (e.g., parental monitoring, peer relationships). Implications for early detection, prevention, and intervention are discussed.

Keywords

dysregulated fearearly adolescencesocial anxiety
Type
Regular Articles
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 33 , Issue 1 , February 2021 , pp. 252 - 263
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2020

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