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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 01 July 2024
Thus Spain has two frontiers: one bordering on the region of the Infidels, the other with the Ocean.
Ibn Hauqal, Kitab Surat al-Ard (t. l, p. 108)
A crusading spirit colors the vision that most European historians, especially the Spanish, have of the Iberian peninsula's past. The classical conception of the Reconquest of the territory invaded by the Moors and redeemed for Christianity at the end of a secular war (in which the legendary figure of El Cid and Ferdinand the Catholic found glory) has been greatly qualified without ever having been abandoned entirely. Leaving aside the modern controversies, we shall try to throw some light upon the origins of the ideology of the “Reconquest”; for it is just that: an ideology whose aim was to justify a certain political action. We can better understand its meaning if we compare it to the two other ideologies then competing for the Iberian peninsula, the Islamic holy war (djihad), and the Judaic eschatological hope linked to the diaspora of the Sephardim.
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2 Américo Castro, Santiago de España, Buenos Aires, 1958, p. 30-38.
3 Robert B. Tate, Ensayos sobre la historiografia peninsular del siglo XV, Madrid, 1970, p. 296.
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6 Francisco Cantera Burgos, "Fernando del Pulgar and the Conversos," in Spain in the Fifteenth Century, New York, San Francisco, London, 1972, p. 296-393.
7 Andrés Bernáldez, Memorias del reinado de los Reyes Católicos, M. Gómez Moreno and J. de Mata Carriazo, eds., Madrid, 1962.
8 Juan de Mariana, Historia general de España, (1601), (ed. used, Madrid, 1780, 2 tomes).
9 Francisco López de Gómara, Historia general de la Indias—Hispania victrix (1552), Library of Spanish Authors, t. XXII.
10 H. del Pulgar, Claros varones de Castilla, ed. Robert B. Tate, Oxford, 1971, p. L.
11 J. Pérez, L'Espagne des Rois Catholiques, Paris-Montréal, 1971.
12 Ibn Khaldun, Discours sur l'histoire universelle (al Muqaddima), Vin cent Monteil, ed., UNESCO Collection of representative works, Beirut, 1967 (3 tomes).
13 Ibn Hauqal, Configuration de la terre (Kitab surat al-ard), J. H. Kramers and G. Wiet, eds., UNESCO Collection of representative works, Paris-Beirut, 1964, t. I, Spain, p. 107-116.
14 André Miquel, La Géographie humaine du monde musulman, Paris-The Hague, 1967, p. 259-262.
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16 Yosef Ha-Kohen, Emeq ha-Bakha (El Valle del Hanto), trans. by Pilar Léon Tello, Madrid-Barcelona, 1964.
17 Samuel Usque, Consolaçam as tribulaços de Israel, Ferrara, 1552.
18 Gershom Scholem, Les grands courants de la mystique juive, Paris, 1968, chap. VII.
19 Jacques Lafaye, "Le Messie dans le monde ibérique: aperçu," in Mélanges de la Casa de Velázquez, t. VII (1971), p. 163-185.
20 Una crónica anónima de Abd Al-Rahman III al-Nasir, E. Levi-Provençal and E. Garcia Gómez, eds., Madrid-Granada, 1950, (4), (22), (34).
21 José Maria Font y Rius, "The Institutions of the Crown of Aragon in the First Half of the Fifteenth Century," in, Spain in the Fifteenth Century, p. 171-192.
22 Maria S. Carrasco Urgiti, El Moro de Granada en la literatura, Madrid, 1956, Part I, Origen y difusión del tema hasta 1700, p. 19-90.
23 Antonio Dominguez Ortiz, Los judeoconversos en España y América, Madrid, 1971, chap. X, p. 193-217.