Hostname: page-component-745bb68f8f-b6zl4 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-01-10T13:04:59.619Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Experimental transplacental transmission of porcine cytomegalovirus

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2009

N. Edington ,
R. G. Watt ,
W. Plowrights ,
A. E. Wrathall  and
J. T. Done
N. Edington
Affiliation:
Royal Veterinary College, London, NW 1 OTU
R. G. Watt
Affiliation:
Royal Veterinary College, London, NW 1 OTU
W. Plowrights
Affiliation:
Royal Veterinary College, London, NW 1 OTU
A. E. Wrathall
Affiliation:
Central Veterinary Laboratory, New Haw, Weybridge, Surrey
J. T. Done
Affiliation:
Central Veterinary Laboratory, New Haw, Weybridge, Surrey
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Six serologically negative sows were infected by intranasal instillation of porcine cytomegalovirus (PCMV) between 31 and 85 days of pregnancy. Four sows showed an afebrile anorexia and lethargy 14–25 days after infection and all 6 developed significant increases in indirect immunofluorescent (IIF) antibody titres within 35 days. Virus was recovered from nasal and/or cervical swabs from 2 sows during life and from lung macrophage cultures after death.

At term the sows were killed and their fetuses harvested by caesarean section. The number of mummified and stillborn fetuses increased from 4/63 in 6 previous litters to 18/60 in the 6 present litters. Nine of 43 fetuses born alive were reared in isolators for up to 6 weeks but the majority were killed for examination on the day of birth. Virus was isolated from 16 piglets from 4 of the 6 litters examined; it was isolated most frequently from lungs and liver but also from spleen, kidney, brain and nasal mucosa. Unsuckled day-old pigs had insignificant IIF titres, irrespective of whether they were excreting virus or not. The 5 congenital excretors which were reared all died within 7 days but no deaths occurred among their 4 litter-mates. Post-natal infection of 2 of these piglets reared in contact with congenitally infected pigs was suggested by the recovery of virus from nasal swabs 17 and 27 days after birth and the subsequent rise in IIF titre to 1/256 by day 42.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Hygiene , Volume 78 , Issue 2 , April 1977 , pp. 243 - 251
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1977

References

REFERENCES

Bachmann, P. A., Sheffy, B. E. & Vaughan, J. T. (1975). Experimental in utero infection of fetal pigs with a porcine parvovirus. Infection and Immunity 12, 455–60.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Baskerville, A., McFerran, J. B. & Dow, C. (1973). Aujeszky's disease in pigs. Veterinary Bulletin 43, 465–80.Google Scholar
Binns, R. M. (1967). Bone marrow and lymphoid cell injection of the pig foetus resulting in transplantation tolerance or immunity and immunoglobulin production. Nature, London 214, 179–81.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bourne, F. J., Curtis, J., Johnson, R. H. & Collings, D. F. (1974). Antibody formation in porcine fetuses. Research in Veterinary Science 15, 223–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cameron-Stephen, I. D. (1961). Inclusion-body rhinitis of swine. Australian Veterinary Journal 37, 87–91.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corner, A. H., Mitchell, D., Julian, R. J. & Meads, E. B. (1964). A generalised disease in piglets associated with the presence of cytomegalic inclusions. Journal of Comparative Pathology 74, 192–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Done, J. T. & Heard, T. W. (1968). Early pregnancy diagnosis in the sow by vaginal biopsy. Veterinary Record 82, 64–8.Google Scholar
Dunne, H. W. (1970) In Diseases of Swine, 3rd ed.(ed. Dunne, H. W.), pp. 836–68. Ames, Iowa: Iowa University Press.Google Scholar
Dunne, H. W., Wang, J. T., Clarke, C. D., Hokanson, J. F., Morimoto, T. & Bubash, G. R. (1969). The effects of in utero viral infection on embryonic, fetal and neonatal survival; a comparison of SMEDI (porcine picornaviruses) with hog cholera vaccinal virus. Canadian Journal of Comparative Medicine 33, 244–52.Google ScholarPubMed
Edington, N., Plowright, W. & Watt, R. G. (1976 a). Generalised porcine cytomegalic inclusion disease: distribution of cytomegalic cells and virus. Journal of Comparative Pathology 86, 191–202.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Edington, N., Watt, R. G. & Plowright, W. (1976 b). Cytomegalovirus excretion in gnotobiotic pigs. Journal of Hygiene 77, 283–90.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jamrichova, O., Sokol, F. & Sevcik, A. (1971). Distribution of attenuated vaccine strains of pseudorabies virus in intra-peritoneally infected swine foetuses. Acta Virologica, Prague 15, 286–92.Google Scholar
L'Ecuyer, C., Corner, A. H. & Randall, G. C. B. (1972). Porcine cytomegalic inclusion disease: transplacental transmission. Proceedings of the International Pig Veterinary Society, IIIrd Congress, Hanover, p. 99.Google Scholar
Levinsohn, E. M., Foy, H. M., Kenny, G. E., Wentworth, B. B. & Grayston, J. T. (1969). Isolations of CMV from a cohort of 100 infants throughout the first year of life. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 132, 957–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Montgomery, R., Youngblood, L. & Medearis, D. N. (1972). Recovery of cytomegalovirus from the cervix in pregnancy. Pediatrics 49, 524–31.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Numazaki, Y., Yano, N., Morizuka, T., Takai, S. & Ishida, N. (1970). Primary infection with human cytomegalovirus: virus isolation from healthy infants and pregnant women. American Journal of Epidemiology 91, 410–17.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Plowright, W., Edington, N. & Watt, R. G. (1976). The behaviour of porcine cytomegalovirus in commercial pig herds. Journal of Hygiene 75, 125–35.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rac, R. (1961). Infectious rhinitis in pigs: laboratory aspects. Australian Veterinary Journal 37, 91–3.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reynolds, D. W., Stagno, S., Hosty, T. S., Tiller, M. & Alford, C. A. (1973). Maternal cytomegalovirus excretion and perinatal infection. New England Journal of Medicine 289, 1–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stagno, S., Reynolds, D. W., Tsiantos, A., Fucillo, D. A., Smith, R., Tiller, M. & Alford, C. A. (1975). Cervical cytomegalovirus excretion in pregnant and nonpregnant women: suppression in early gestation. Journal of Infectious Diseases 131, 522–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Trexler, P. C. (1971). Microbiological isolation of large animals. Veterinary Record 88, 15–18.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wrathall, A. E. (1972). Normal and abnormal patterns of development in the fetal pig. Ph.D. thesis, University of London.Google Scholar
Wrathall, A. E. (1975). Reproductive disorders in pigs. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Farnham Royal. Commonwealth Bureau of Animal Health Review Series, no. 11.Google Scholar
Wrathall, A. E., Bailey, J. & Hebert, C. N. (1974). A radiographic study of development of the appendicular skeleton of the fetal pig. Research in Veterinary Science 17, 154–68.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed