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Divergent Ways of Relating to the Past in the Viking Age

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Julie Lund  and
Elisabeth Arwill-Nordbladh
Julie Lund*
Affiliation:
Department of Archaeology, Conservation and History, University of Oslo, Norway
Elisabeth Arwill-Nordbladh*
Affiliation:
Department of Archaeology, Conservation and History, University of Oslo, Norway
*
[e-mail: julie.lund@iakh.uio.no]
[e-mail: e.nordbladh@archaeology.gu.se]
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Abstract

The flexibility of material culture encourages material phenomena to take a dynamic part in social life. An example of this is material citation, which can provide society with links to both the past and connections to contemporary features. In this article, we look at the diverging ways of relating to and reinventing the past in the Viking Age, exploring citations to ancient monuments in the landscape of Gammel Lejre on Zealand, Denmark. Complementing the placement of landscape monuments, attention is also brought to examples of mortuary citations related to bodily practices in Viking-age mortuary dramas, such as those visible at the mound of Skopintull on the island of Adelsö in Lake Mälaren, Sweden. Through these case studies, we explore the variability in citational strategies found across tenth-century Scandinavia.

La flexibilité de la culture matérielle encourage les phénomènes matériels à jouer un rôle dynamique dans la vie sociale. La citation matérielle en est un exemple: elle permet à la société de tisser des liens avec le passé et de créer des rapports avec le monde qui lui est contemporain. Dans cet article nous examinons les diverses manières de relier et de réinventer le passé à l’époque viking en explorant les références à d'anciens monuments établis dans la campagne autour de Gammel Leyre sur l'île de Seeland au Danemark. En plus de la situation des monuments dans le paysage, nous attirons l'attention sur des exemples de citations dans le domaine funéraire; ces dernières se rapportent aux pratiques relatives au traitement des corps dans les rituels funéraires de l’époque viking, documentées par exemple dans le tumulus de Skopintull sur l’île d'Adelsö au centre du Lac Mälar en Suède. A travers ces études de cas nous explorons les diverses stratégies référentielles employées au Xe siècle apr. J.-C. en Scandinavie. Translation by Madeleine Hummler

Die Anpassungsfähigkeit der materiellen Kultur gibt den materiellen Erscheinungsformen die Möglichkeit, eine dynamische Funktion im Sozialleben zu spielen. Die materiellen Zitate, die der Gesellschaft die Gelegenheit geben, Verbindungen mit der Vergangenheit und mit ihrer eigenen Gegenwart aufzubauen, ist ein Beispiel solch einer Rolle. In diesem Artikel werden die in der Wikingerzeit unterschiedlichen Arten, mit der Vergangenheit einen Zusammenhang zu bilden und neu zu definieren untersucht; die Weisen, wie die Denkmäler in der Landschaft von Gammel Lejre auf Seeland in Dänemark zitiert wurden, dienen hier als Beispiel. In Ergänzung zu der Lage der Landschaftsdenkmäler wird auf Fälle hingewiesen, wo Bräuche, die mit der Behandlung von Leichen bei wikingerzeitlichen Bestattungsvorgängen verbunden sind, zitiert werden; solche Sitten sind im Grabhügel von Skopintull auf der Insel Adelsö im Mälarsee in Schweden erkennbar. Diese Fallstudien ermöglichen es, die Veränderlichkeit der verschiedenen Zitierungsweisen im zehnten Jahrhundert in Skandinavien zu untersuchen. Translation by Madeleine Hummler

Keywords

material citationscorporal citationsobject biographyViking-age Scandinaviaembodied memoryuse of the pastlandscape analysesburial ritescitations matériellesréférences au corpsbiographies d'objetsépoque viking en Scandinaviemémoire incarnéemanipulation du passéétude du paysagerites funérairesmaterielle ZitateBezug zum KörperBiografie von GegenständenSkandinavienWikingerzeitverkörperte ErinnerungUmgang mit der VergangenheitLandschaftsanalyseBestattungssitten
Type
Article
Information
European Journal of Archaeology , Volume 19 , Issue 3 , 2016 , pp. 415 - 438
Copyright
Copyright © 2016 the European Association of Archaeologists 

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