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Acontecimientos vitales y cambios en el curso de la depresión en adultos jóvenes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2020

Robert H. Friis ,
Hans-UIrich Wittchen ,
Hildegard Pfister  and
Roselind Lieb
Robert H. Friis
Affiliation:
Departamento de Ciencia de la Salud, Universidad del Estado de California, Long Beach, CA, EE.UU
Hans-UIrich Wittchen
Affiliation:
Instituto Max Planck de Psiquiatría, Psicología Clínica y Epidemiología, Kraepelinstrasse 2, 80804, Munich, Alemania Departamento de Psicología Clínica y Psicoterapia, Universidad Técnica de Dresde, Dresde, Alemania
Hildegard Pfister
Affiliation:
Instituto Max Planck de Psiquiatría, Psicología Clínica y Epidemiología, Kraepelinstrasse 2, 80804, Munich, Alemania
Roselind Lieb
Affiliation:
Instituto Max Planck de Psiquiatría, Psicología Clínica y Epidemiología, Kraepelinstrasse 2, 80804, Munich, Alemania
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Resumen

Antecedentes:

Pocos estudios comunitarios han examinado las repercusiones de los acontecimientos vitales, las condiciones de vida y los cambios vitales en el curso de la depresión. Este artículo examina las asociaciones de los acontecimientos vitales en el comienzo, la mejoría y la estabilidad de los síntomas depresivos.

Métodos:

Se utilizan datos directos de la entrevista con el Estudio de los Estadios Evolutivos Tempranos de las Manifestaciones Psicopatológicas (EDSP), un diseño prospectivo longitudinal de 4-5 años basado en una muestra comunitaria representativa de adolescentes y adultos jóvenes con 14-24 años en la línea de base. Los acontecimientos vitales se midieron utilizando el Cuestionario de Acontecimientos de Munich (MEL), que consta de 83 elementos explícitos de diversas áreas de rol social y subescalas para la evaluación de grupos de acontecimientos vitales clasificados según dimensiones como positivo y negativo y controlable e incontrolable. Los trastornos depresivos se evaluaron con la versión del DSM-IV de la Entrevista Diagnóstica Compuesta de Munich (M-CIDI). Análisis de regresión logística múltiple examinaron los efectos de 22 predictores en el curso (el comienzo, la mejoría y la estabilidad) de la depresión.

Resultados:

Una menor edad, la clase social baja y los acontecimientos vitales negativos y cargados de estrés relacionados con la familia se asociaban con un aumento del riesgo de depresión de nuevo comienzo. La ansiedad era un predictor independiente significativo de la depresión de nuevo comienzo. La ausencia de acontecimientos escolares y familiares cargados de estrés se relacionaba con la mejoría en la depresión. El número total ponderado de acontecimientos vitales predecía depresión estable.

Conclusiones:

La asociación entre los acontecimientos vitales y el curso de la depresión parece variar según la respuesta clínica que se examina, prediciendo diferencialmente distintos grupos de acontecimientos vitales el comienzo, la mejoría y la estabilidad.

Keywords

acontecimientos vitalesdepresión mayorepidemiologíaadultos jóvenesprevalenciaincidencia
Type
Artículo original
Information
European Psychiatry (Ed. Española) , Volume 10 , Issue 3 , April 2003 , pp. 162 - 176
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2003

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