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Gender Differences in the Sensitivity to Negative Stimuli: Cross-Modal Affective Priming Study☆

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 September 2011

B. Gohier ,
C. Senior ,
P.J. Brittain ,
N. Lounes ,
W. El-Hage ,
V. Law ,
M.L. Phillips  and
S.A. Surguladze
B. Gohier*
Affiliation:
Département de psychiatrie, UPRES EA 2646, CHU d'Angers, 49033Angers, France
C. Senior
Affiliation:
School of Life & Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK
P.J. Brittain
Affiliation:
Department of Psychosis, King's College, London Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
N. Lounes
Affiliation:
Department of Psychosis, King's College, London Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
W. El-Hage
Affiliation:
Inserm U-930, FRE CNRS 2448, université François-Rabelais, clinique psychiatrique universitaire, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
V. Law
Affiliation:
Department of Psychosis, King's College, London Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
M.L. Phillips
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, USA Department of Psychological Medicine, Cardiff University School of Medicine, UK
S.A. Surguladze
Affiliation:
Department of Psychosis, King's College, London Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK Cygnet Health Care, UK
*
⁎Corresponding author. E-mail address: begohier@chu-angers.fr (B. Gohier).
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Abstract

Background

There is evidence showing that men and women differ with regard to the processing of emotional information. However, the mechanisms behind these differences are not fully understood.

Method

The sample comprised of 275 (167 female) right-handed, healthy participants, recruited from the community. We employed a customized affective priming task, which consisted of three subtests, differing in the modality of the prime (face, written word, and sound). The targets were always written words of either positive or negative valence. The priming effect was measured as reaction time facilitation in conditions where both prime and target were emotional (of the same positive or negative valence) compared with conditions where the emotional targets were preceded by neutral primes.

Results

The priming effect was observed across all three modalities, with an interaction of gender by valence: the priming effect in the emotionally negative condition in male participants was stronger compared with females. This was accounted for by the differential priming effect within the female group where priming was significantly smaller in the emotionally negative conditions compared with the positive conditions. The male participants revealed a comparable priming effect across both the emotionally negative and positive conditions.

Conclusion

Reduced priming in negative conditions in women may reflect interference processes due to greater sensitivity to negative valence of stimuli. This in turn could underlie the gender-related differences in susceptibility to emotional disorders.

Keywords

GenderPrimingEmotionCross-modal
Type
Original article
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 28 , Issue 2 , February 2013 , pp. 74 - 80
Copyright
Copyright © Elsevier Masson SAS 2013

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Footnotes

☆

The study was conducted at the Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King's college, London.

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