Association Between HbA1c and Number of Episodes in Individuals with Bipolar Disorder

Abstract

Introduction

Bipolar disorder (BD) is associated with an impaired glucose metabolism (IGM) leading to diabetes mellitus Type II (DM). DM influences the medical state of BD individuals and leads to increased mortality. However, there is evidence that IGM is associated with psychiatric symptoms, as well.

Aim

The study aimed to investigate the association between IGM and number of episodes and their ratio in individuals with BD, separated for gender.

Methods

HbA1c levels from fasting blood were measured of 162 individuals (46% females) with BD. Furthermore, clinical parameters e.g. number of depressive and (hypo)manic episodes were gathered.

Results

After adjustment for illness duration and BMI there was a positive correlation in male individuals between HbA1c and number of depressive (M = 13.86, SD = 14.67; r = .308, P < 0.05) as well as (hypo)manic episodes (M = 17.23, SD = 24.24; r = 0.263, P < 0.05). There was no association in females as well as between HbA1c levels and ratio of episodes.

Conclusion

Associations between HbA1c and number of episodes in male individuals with BD were found. As there are correlations between IGM and somatic comorbidities as well as the course of illness the treatment of glucose metabolism is important in BD. However, number of episodes might have an impact on the glucose metabolism due to inflammation processes, but further investigations have to focus on the direction of the found correlation. As gender differences are known in different pathways, they should be considered in research, diagnosis and therapy.

Disclosure of interest

The author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.