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Effects of chronic antipsychotic treatment on neurophysiological correlates of the auditory oddball task in schizophrenia: A preliminary report from a multicentre study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 March 2020

G. Di Lorenzo ,
A. Mucci ,
A. Vignapiano ,
G. Giordano ,
F. Ferrentino ,
C. Niolu ,
M. Altamura ,
D. Marasco  and
S. Galderisi
G. Di Lorenzo
Affiliation:
University of Rome, Tor Vergata, Department of Systems Medicine, Rome, Italy
A. Mucci
Affiliation:
University of Naples SUN, Department of Psychiatry, Naples, Italy
A. Vignapiano
Affiliation:
University of Naples SUN, Department of Psychiatry, Naples, Italy
G. Giordano
Affiliation:
University of Naples SUN, Department of Psychiatry, Naples, Italy
F. Ferrentino
Affiliation:
University of Rome, Tor Vergata, Department of Systems Medicine, Rome, Italy
C. Niolu
Affiliation:
University of Rome, Tor Vergata, Department of Systems Medicine, Rome, Italy
M. Altamura
Affiliation:
University of Foggia, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Foggia, Italy
D. Marasco
Affiliation:
University of Foggia, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Foggia, Italy
S. Galderisi
Affiliation:
University of Naples SUN, Department of Psychiatry, Naples, Italy

Abstract

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Introduction

The effects of chronic antipsychotic administration on the human brain are debated. In particular, first-generation (FGAs) and second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) seem to have different impacts on brain function and structure in subjects with schizophrenia. Few studies have investigated the effect of chronic administration of FGAs and SGAs on indices of brain function, such as event-related potentials (ERP) or neuropsychological performance.

Objectives

Within the Italian Network for Research on Psychoses study, subjects stabilized on FGAs or SGAs were compared on P300, an ERP component, thought to reflect attention, working memory and context integration and on neurocognitive indices.

Methods

ERPs were recorded in 110 chronic, stabilized patients with Schizophrenia (28 used FGAs) during a standard auditory oddball task. P300 latency and amplitude were assessed at Pz channel. MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) was used for cognitive assessment.

Results

Compared with the SGAs group, patients on FGAs showed significant increased P300 latency (P = 0.003; Cohen's d = 0.67) and significant decreased P300 amplitudes (P = 0.023; Cohen's d = 0.38). The two groups did not differ on psychopathology and MCCB scores. Multiple linear regressions revealed that “FGAs vs. SGAs” (β = 0.298, P = 0.002) and MCCB neurocognitive composite T-score (β = –0.273, P = 0.004) were independent predictors of P300 latency, whereas only age (β = –0.220, P = 0.027) was an independent predictor of P300 amplitude.

Conclusions

FGAs seem to affect the functional brain activity more than SGAs, particularly slowing cortical processing. Our results suggest that discrepant findings concerning P300 latency in schizophrenia might be related to the type of antipsychotic treatment used. Longitudinal studies are needed to further address this issue.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Type
e-Poster walk: Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders–part 2
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 41 , Issue S1: Abstract of the 25th European Congress of Psychiatry , April 2017 , pp. S192
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2017
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