Predictors of quality of life in opiate-dependent individuals undergoing methadone maintenance treatment

Abstract

Introduction

Quality of Life (QoL) is an important outcome variable in Methadone Maintenance Treatment (MMT) for opiate dependence. Previous research has focused on demographic variables, treatment features, drug use and physical and mental health as possible predictors of QoL in this condition but interest in genuinely psychological variables (skills and personal repertoires) has been lacking. Experiential Avoidance (EA), the tendency to behave in order to decrease some kind of internal distress, has a strong relationship to psychological disorders and holds promise as a potential predictor of QoL.

Objectives

To identify predictors of QoL in clients undergoing MMT, taking into account psychological variables.

Aims

To see if EA is related to QoL in clients undergoing MMT.

Methods

Using a cross-sectional design, information was gathered from 48 opiate-dependent individuals undergoing MMT. Variables included were QoL (IDUQOL), severity of drug use, social adjustment and physical and mental health (ASI-6), emotional distress (HAD) and EA (AAQ and its version for substance-abusing individuals, AAQ-SA). Mean-comparison tests and correlation tests were carried out, and several variables were entered into a stepwise multiple regression analysis.

Results

Anxiety and EA were the only variables which made it into the regression model, accounting for 41.9% of variance of QoL.

Conclusions

Contrary to previous research, the predictors of QoL were psychological. It is the first time that EA is related to QoL in this population. Interventions should explicitly target EA and anxiety. Additional research should make use of longitudinal designs and take into account further psychological variables (emotion regulation, coping).

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.