SOMA Score, cardiovascular risk screening tool for psychiatric patients

Abstract

Introduction

Life expectancy of patients with severe mental illness (SMI) is two decades shorter than that of general population. The most important cause of death are cardiovascular diseases (CVD).

Objectives

There is a need for CVD risk screening tools development and validation in the context of the Czech Republic.

Aims

Methodological approach to a CVD risk screening, risk stratification and specific life-style interventions development is presented. In a context of the psychiatric hospital with c. 7000 admissions per year.

Methods

There are no concise data on CVD risk of psychiatric patients in the Czech Republic so cross-sectional analysis of one day hospitalized patients was performed.

Results

A sample of 1056 pts. was obtained. Database allowed extraction data on CVD risk factors (RF): diagnosis, age, sex, BMI and blood pressure (BP). The most common diagnosis were F20 and F10. Multicriterial analysis according to diagnosis (frequency of highest BMI and BP) showed the worst results in the F20 followed by F10 group. Would we define the CVD RF as BMI ≥ 30, age ≥ 65, sBP ≥ 140, dBP ≥ 90, then no RF is present in 368, one in 238, two in 191, three in 92 and four RF in 33 pts. Two step screening protocol was developed – SOMA score. Variables and cut-offs for positivity were set based on the results.

Conclusion

Methodological process of SOMA score screening is presented as well as consecutive health care interventions.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Acknowledgement

The study was realized in a framework of SOMA project, Program CZ11 Initiatives in public health care, Norway grants, NF-CZ11-OV-2-030-2015.