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IRRIGATION REQUIREMENTS ARE LOWER THAN THOSE USUALLY PRESCRIBED FOR A MAIZE CROP IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 August 2018

LUIZ R. SOBENKO ,
TAMIRES T. SOUZA ,
ALEXANDRE O. GONÇALVES ,
VITOR J. M. BIANCHINI ,
EVANDRO H. F. M. SILVA ,
LAÍS T. SOUZA  and
FÁBIO R. MARIN Open the ORCID record for FÁBIO R. MARIN [Opens in a new window]
LUIZ R. SOBENKO
Affiliation:
Biosystems Engineering Department, University of São Paulo (USP), College of Agriculture “Luiz de Queiroz” (ESALQ), Av. Pádua Dias, 11, Piracicaba, SP 13418-900, Brazil
TAMIRES T. SOUZA
Affiliation:
Biosystems Engineering Department, University of São Paulo (USP), College of Agriculture “Luiz de Queiroz” (ESALQ), Av. Pádua Dias, 11, Piracicaba, SP 13418-900, Brazil
ALEXANDRE O. GONÇALVES
Affiliation:
Biosystems Engineering Department, University of São Paulo (USP), College of Agriculture “Luiz de Queiroz” (ESALQ), Av. Pádua Dias, 11, Piracicaba, SP 13418-900, Brazil
VITOR J. M. BIANCHINI
Affiliation:
Biosystems Engineering Department, University of São Paulo (USP), College of Agriculture “Luiz de Queiroz” (ESALQ), Av. Pádua Dias, 11, Piracicaba, SP 13418-900, Brazil
EVANDRO H. F. M. SILVA
Affiliation:
Biosystems Engineering Department, University of São Paulo (USP), College of Agriculture “Luiz de Queiroz” (ESALQ), Av. Pádua Dias, 11, Piracicaba, SP 13418-900, Brazil
LAÍS T. SOUZA
Affiliation:
Biosystems Engineering Department, University of São Paulo (USP), College of Agriculture “Luiz de Queiroz” (ESALQ), Av. Pádua Dias, 11, Piracicaba, SP 13418-900, Brazil
FÁBIO R. MARIN*
Affiliation:
Biosystems Engineering Department, University of São Paulo (USP), College of Agriculture “Luiz de Queiroz” (ESALQ), Av. Pádua Dias, 11, Piracicaba, SP 13418-900, Brazil
*
‡Corresponding author. Email: fabio.marin@usp.br
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Summary

Due to the lack of basic information on water required by maize (Zea mays L.) in Brazil, the large amount of water applied usually exceeds crop requirements, wasting water and energy. In this study, we measured crop evapotranspiration (ETc) as evaporative heat flux from a centre pivot-irrigated maize plantation in Southern Brazil during winter and summer seasons, using the Bowen ratio method to evaluate how the degree of canopy-atmosphere coupling affects crop water needs and irrigation management. Irrigation requirements were determined by comparing ETc with reference evapotranspiration (ETo), derived from the Penman–Monteith equation and expressed as the ETc/ETo (Kc) ratio. In this study, the average Kc values obtained were 1.31 and 0.90 for the winter and summer, respectively. Using aerodynamic and canopy resistance measurements, the decoupling factor (Ω) was computed. Ω values tending to zero (0.09 and 0.20 for winter and summer, respectively) showed that strong coupling of maize plants to the atmosphere and sensitivity to high air temperatures, vapour pressure deficits and wind speed caused variations in Kc in relation to ETo ranges. During the experimental period, the Kc value ranged from 0.92 when the ETo exceeded 4 mm d−1 to 1.64 when the ETo was less than 2 mm d−1.

Type
Research Article
Information
Experimental Agriculture , Volume 55 , Issue 4 , August 2019 , pp. 662 - 671
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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