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Novel insight into triple-negative breast cancers, the emerging role of angiogenesis, and antiangiogenic therapy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 November 2016

Cornelia Braicu ,
Roxana Chiorean ,
Alexandru Irimie ,
Sergiu Chira ,
Ciprian Tomuleasa ,
Emilian Neagoe ,
Angelo Paradiso ,
Patriciu Achimas-Cadariu ,
Vladimir Lazar  and
Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
Cornelia Braicu*
Affiliation:
Research Centre for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Roxana Chiorean
Affiliation:
Department of Dermatology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
Alexandru Irimie
Affiliation:
Department of Surgical Oncology and Gynaecological Oncology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu-Hatieganu, Cluj-Napoca, Romania Department of Surgery, The Oncology Institute Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Sergiu Chira
Affiliation:
Research Centre for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Ciprian Tomuleasa
Affiliation:
Research Centre for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Emilian Neagoe
Affiliation:
Department of Surgical Oncology and Gynaecological Oncology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Angelo Paradiso
Affiliation:
National Cancer Research Centre, Istituto Tumori G Paolo II, Bari, Italy
Patriciu Achimas-Cadariu
Affiliation:
Department of Surgical Oncology and Gynaecological Oncology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania Department of Surgery, The Oncology Institute Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Vladimir Lazar
Affiliation:
WIN Consortium Villejuif, Paris, France
Ioana Berindan-Neagoe*
Affiliation:
Research Centre for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta, Cluj-Napoca, Romania Department of Experimental Therapeutics, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
*
*Corresponding author: Cornelia Braicu and Ioana Berindan-Neagoe, Research Centre for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. E-mail: braicucornelia@yahoo.com and ioana.neagoe@umfcluj.ro
*Corresponding author: Cornelia Braicu and Ioana Berindan-Neagoe, Research Centre for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. E-mail: braicucornelia@yahoo.com and ioana.neagoe@umfcluj.ro
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Abstract

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous group of tumours characterised by lack of expression of oestrogen-, progesterone- and human epidermal growth factor receptors. TNBC, which represents approximately 15% of all mammary tumours, has a poor prognosis because of an aggressive behaviour and the lack of specific treatment. Accordingly, TNBC has become a major focus of research into breast cancer and is now classified into several molecular subtypes, each with a different prognosis. Pathological angiogenesis occurs at a late stage in the proliferation of TNBC and is associated with invasion and metastasis; there is an association with metabolic syndrome. Semaphorins are a versatile family of proteins with multiple roles in angiogenesis, tumour growth and metastasis and may represent a clinically useful focus for therapeutic targeting in this type of breast cancer. Another important field of investigation into the control of pathological angiogenesis is related to the expression of noncoding RNA (ncRNA) – these molecules can be considered as a therapeutic target or as a biomarker. Several molecular agents for intervening in the activity of different signalling pathways are being explored in TNBC, but none has so far proved effective in clinical trials and the disease continues to pose a defining challenge for clinical management as well as innovative cancer research.

Type
Review
Information
Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine , Volume 18 , 2016 , e18
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2016 

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