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Wild blackthorn (Prunus spinosa L.) and hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna Jacq.) fruits as valuable sources of antioxidants

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 January 2014

Brígida María Ruiz-Rodríguez ,
Begoña de Ancos ,
Concepción Sánchez-Moreno ,
Virginia Fernández-Ruiz ,
María de Cortes Sánchez-Mata ,
Montaña Cámara  and
Javier Tardío
Brígida María Ruiz-Rodríguez
Affiliation:
Fac Farm., Univ. Complut. Madrid (UCM), Pza. Ramón y Cajal, s/n, ES-28040 Madrid Spain
Begoña de Ancos*
Affiliation:
Inst. Cienc. Tecnol. Aliment. Nutr., Cons. Super. Investig. Cient. (ICTAN-CSIC), José Antonio Novais 10, ES-28040 Madrid, Spain. ancos@ictan.csic.es
Concepción Sánchez-Moreno
Affiliation:
Inst. Cienc. Tecnol. Aliment. Nutr., Cons. Super. Investig. Cient. (ICTAN-CSIC), José Antonio Novais 10, ES-28040 Madrid, Spain. ancos@ictan.csic.es
Virginia Fernández-Ruiz
Affiliation:
Fac Farm., Univ. Complut. Madrid (UCM), Pza. Ramón y Cajal, s/n, ES-28040 Madrid Spain
María de Cortes Sánchez-Mata
Affiliation:
Fac Farm., Univ. Complut. Madrid (UCM), Pza. Ramón y Cajal, s/n, ES-28040 Madrid Spain
Montaña Cámara
Affiliation:
Fac Farm., Univ. Complut. Madrid (UCM), Pza. Ramón y Cajal, s/n, ES-28040 Madrid Spain
Javier Tardío
Affiliation:
Inst. Madr. Investig. Desarro. Rural. Agrar Aliment. (IMIDRA), Finca “El Encín”, Apdo. 127, ES-28800, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
*
*Correspondence and reprints
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Abstract

Introduction. Many underutilized wild fruits have great nutritional and functional potential, providing chemical compounds with biological properties. Materials and methods. In the present work we quantified bioactive compounds such as vitamin C (ascorbic and dehydroascorbic acids), and total phenolic compounds composed mainly of phenolic acids, flavonols and anthocyanins, as well as evaluating the antioxidant capacity through different in vitro tests (Folin-Ciocalteu, ABTS·+, DPPH· and FRAP) in wild blackthorn (P. spinosa L.) and hawthorn (C. monogyna Jacq.) fruits of Spanish origin, including samples from different seasons and locations. Results and discussion. As expected, wide variability was found in the composition of fruits of the same species, which justifies the necessity of analyzing several batches of wild fruits, in order to have representative results taking into account the natural variability. Fruits of P. spinosa showed vitamin C content ranging between (5.14 and 15.35) mg·100 g–1 fw (mainly dehydroascorbic acid); total phenolic compounds ranged from (1851 to 3825) mg·100 g–1 fw, characterized by a high content of anthocyanins and phenolic acids. Fruits of C. monogyna presented (16 to 39) mg vitamin C·100 g–1 fw and (449 to 1438) mg total phenolic compounds·100 g–1 fw, characterized by a high content of phenolic acids and flavonols. Antioxidant capacity was higher for P. spinosa fruits than for C. monogyna fruits; DPPH· values showed a strong correlation with vitamin C, while phenolic compounds were a major contributor to the antioxidant activity of these fruit extracts. Fruits of P. spinosa and C. monogyna should be reconsidered as new valuable sources of safe and inexpensive antioxidants.

Keywords

SpainPrunus spinosaCrataegus monogynafruitsantioxidantsascorbic acidphenolic compoundsflavonoidsanthocyaninsEspagnePrunus spinosaCrataegus monogynafruitsantioxydantacide ascorbiquecomposé phénoliqueflavonoïdeanthocyaneEspañaPrunus spinosaCrataegus monogynafrutasantioxidantesácido ascórbicocompuestos fenólicosflavonoidesantocianinas
Type
Original article
Information
Fruits , Volume 69 , Issue 1 , January 2014 , pp. 61 - 73
Copyright
© 2014 Cirad/EDP Sciences

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