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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 06 March 2019
1 Nicolai Böcker, Wirksame Rechtsbehelfe zum Schutz der Grundrechte der Europäischen Union, 2005.Google Scholar
2 Case T-177/01, Jégo Quéré v. Commission, 2002 E.C.R. II-2365.Google Scholar
3 Case C-50/00 P, Unión de Pequeños Agricultures v. Council, 2002 E.C.R. I-6677; Case 263/02 P, Commission v. Jégo Quéré, 2004 E.C.R. I-3425.Google Scholar
4 Böcker, , supra note 1, at 40-48.Google Scholar
5 Id. at 135.Google Scholar
6 See e.g. BVerfGE 24, 33, 49–51.Google Scholar
7 See James and others v. The United Kingdom, ser. A No. 98 at para. 85 (Eur.Ct. H.R. 21 February 1986), on the one hand, and Silver and others v. The United Kingdom, ser. A No. 61 at paras. 118-119 (Eur. Ct. H.R. Judgment of 25 March 1983), on the other hand.Google Scholar
8 Böcker, , supra note 1, at 44.Google Scholar
9 Id. at 230-233.Google Scholar
10 Id. at 48-83.Google Scholar
11 Id. at 83-112.Google Scholar
12 Id. at 112-123.Google Scholar
13 The short section E is dedicated to legal protection against measures under the second and third pillar of the EU, followed by a résumé and an appraisal (section F).Google Scholar
14 Böcker, , supra note 1, at 51-57, 77.Google Scholar
15 Case 25/62, Plaumann v. Commission, 1963 E.C.R. 199.Google Scholar
16 Böcker, , supra note 1, at 57-76.Google Scholar
17 There is no effective means against a judge who is not prepared to do so, even if he is under a legal obligation, see id. at 97-105. See also id. at 130: “paternalistic character” of the preliminary ruling procedure.Google Scholar
18 Id. at 108.Google Scholar
19 Id. at 108-109.Google Scholar
20 Case 314/85, Foto-Frost v. Hauptzollamt Lübeck-Ost, 1987 E.C.R. 4199.Google Scholar
21 Böcker, , supra note 1, at 129-130. – A fifth argument is not elaborated in detail: In cases where the national judicial system is incomplete, the preliminary ruling procedure fails because there is no national judge to refer the case to the ECJ. Although there are allegations that under certain conditions, such “gaps” exist in the French and Spanish judicial system (id. at 89) Böcker leaves this question to future comparative law studies (id. at 129). This is regrettable since, in the eyes of the reviewer, it would have made the argument of deficient judicial protection in the EU even more compelling.Google Scholar
22 Id. at 117-120.Google Scholar
23 Id. at 131-132.Google Scholar
24 Id. at 135.Google Scholar
25 Id. at 129.Google Scholar
26 Case 224/01, Köbler v. Austria, 2003 E.C.R. I-10239; for further reading, see Marten Breuer, State liability for Judicial Wrongs and Community Law: the case of Gerhard Köbler v. Austria, 29 Eur. L. Rev. 2, 243-254 (2004).Google Scholar
27 “Der EuGH besitzt zwar das letzte Wort, aber kein Auslegungsmonopol. Eine Nichtvorlage kann daher bei Auslegungsfragen keine vollständige Rechtsverweigerung bewirken“, Böcker, supra note 1, at 182; similarly id. at 214, 218.Google Scholar
28 Id. at 141-147.Google Scholar
29 Id. at 148.Google Scholar
30 Id. at 151-153.Google Scholar
31 Id. at 175.Google Scholar
32 Id. at 215.Google Scholar
33 Id. at 180.Google Scholar
34 Id. at 192.Google Scholar
35 Id. at 196-199.Google Scholar
36 Id. at 164.Google Scholar
37 Case C-50/00 P, Unión de Pequeños Agricultures v. Council, 2002 E.C.R. I-6677, para. 60 (opinion of AG Jacobs).Google Scholar
38 Case T-177/01, Jégo Quéré v. Commission, 2002 E.C.R. II-2365, para. 51.Google Scholar
39 Böcker, , supra note 1, at 220-228.Google Scholar
40 Id. at 243-244.Google Scholar
41 Id. at 229-234, 244.Google Scholar
42 Id. at 233-234.Google Scholar
43 Id. at 148-151.Google Scholar
44 Id. at 234-243.Google Scholar
45 Id. at 245.Google Scholar
46 Id. at 246-248, 248-251.Google Scholar
47 Id. at 248.Google Scholar
48 Id. at 251.Google Scholar
49 See supra note 21.Google Scholar
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