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The Calthorpe Family and Birmingham, 1810–1910: A ‘Conservative Interest’ Examined1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 February 2009

David Cannadine
David Cannadine
Affiliation:
St John's College, Cambridge
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Extract

In the provincial cities the existence of protected estates like the Calthorpe Estate, which owned and managed Edgbaston in Birmingham, had a strategic influence on the whole development of the city. The owners of such estates, served by solicitors, and themselves serving as patrons of urban parishes, governors of grammar schools and presidents of charitable associations, often provided the backbone of a ‘conservative interest’ in cities whose flavour was essentially radical (Asa Briggs, Victorian Cities, p. 38).

Type
Articles
Information
The Historical Journal , Volume 18 , Issue 4 , December 1975 , pp. 725 - 760
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1975

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Footnotes

1

I am grateful to Dr D. E. D. Beales, Professor Lawrence Stone and my research supervisor, Professor Peter Mathias, for their comments on earlier drafts of this article. The two major manuscript sources on which it rests are the Calthorpe family papers in the Hampshire County Record Office, Winchester (hereafter referred to as H.R.O. Cal. MS), and the Edgbaston Estate papers in the Edgbaston Estate Office, Birmingham (hereafter E.E.O. MS). I am most grateful to Brigadier Sir Richard A.-G.-Calthorpe for his kind permission to let me consult these collections. I have also used the Joseph Chamberlain papers in the main library of Birmingham University (hereafter J.C. MS) and the Birmingham University Manuscript Collection (hereafter B.U.C. MS), and looked at papers in the possession of the Birmingham Botanical and Horticultural Society (hereafter B.B.H.S. MS), the Birmingham General Hospital (hereafter B.G.H. MS), the Birmingham and Midland Institute (hereafter B.M.I. MS), and the Foundation of the Schools of King Edward the Sixth in Birmingham (hereafter F.G.S.K.E. MS). I would like to thank the officers of all these organizations for their help.

References

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26 In 1910, on the death of Augustus, sixth Lord Calthorpe, he having at that time no direct male heir, all the family property passed to his eldest daughter, the Hon. Rachel Lloyd-Anstruther (who changed her surname to Anstruther-Gough-Calthorpe in Nov. 1910), while the title went to Augustus's only surviving brother, Somerset Gough-Calthorpe, who thus remained marooned at Perry. In 1921 and 1928 his successor sold the estates to Birmingham corporation, thereby ending for good the family's residential links with the Midlands. (Birmingham Mail, 5 an. 1973; B.R.L. MS 350629, Perry Sale catalogue for auction, 14 and 15 Mar. 1928).

27 E.E.O. MS, Account books.

28 I hope to present a much fuller picture of the career of George, third Lord Calthorpe, in a forthcoming article.

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35 B.B.H.S. MS, Original Subscribers' List, 1830.

36 B.B.H.S. MS, Committee Minute Book, 17 July 1829 to 20 June 1836, pp. 20–1.

37 Ibid. pp. 29–30.

38 Morris, thesis, pp. 393–4.

39 B.B.H.S. MS, Committee Minute Book, 17 July 1829 to 20 June 1836, p. 30.

40 E.E.O. MS, Parcel 5, E. Burn to Calthorpe, 13 July 1822; H.R.O. Cal. MS F/C/330, Spooner, W. to Calthorpe, , 26 Sept. 1821Google Scholar; H.R.O. Cal. MS F/C/715, Burn, E. to Calthorpe, , 12 Aug. 1823Google Scholar; H.R.O. Cal. MS F/C/802, Knuttesford, J. F. to Calthorpe, , 18 Feb. 1824.Google Scholar

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48 The evidence to support this view of Lord Calthorpe will be provided in my forthcoming article.

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79 E.E.O. MS, Box 4, Memorial to Lord Calthorpe, 3 Dec. 1851.

80 E.E.O. MS, Parcel 3, Address from the Inhabitants of Birmingham and Others to the Rt. Hon. the Lord Calthorpe, 1862. The subsequent quotation is also from this document.

81 E.E.O. MS, Box 8, Perry Subscriptions, 1860.

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83 E.E.O. MS, Account books.

84 Frederick Henry William Gough-Calthorpe, fifth Lord Calthorpe: eldest son of the fourth lord; born 1826; succeeded 1868; died unmarried 1893.

85 E.E.O. MS, Box 5, F.H.W.G.-Calthorpe, ‘Address to the Electors of East Worcestershire’, 24 Jan. 1859.

86 For his votes in favour of the abolition of church rate, see Hansard, third series: 1859, CLIII, 195; 1859, CLIV, 1183; 1860, CLVI, 683; 1861, CLXI, 1053; 1862, CLXVI, 1727, 1733; 1863, CLXX, 975; 1866, CLXXXI, 1691. For his votes in favour of the extension of the franchise, see Hansard, third series: 1859, CLIII, 1259; 1861, CLXII, 410; 1865, CLXXVIII, 1706; 1866, CLXXXIII, 152; 1866, CLXXXIV, 639.

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97 Ibid. p. 59.

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130 The Town Crier, Sept. 1870, ‘Jacob’, ‘A Letter to a Lord’, for all subsequent quotations in this paragraph.

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146 Ibid. p. 16, extract, The Town Crier, May 1879.

147 Birmingham Daily Gazette, 24 Dec. 1878.

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165 Somerset John Gough-Calthorpe, seventh Lord Calthorpe: younger brother of the sixth Lord; born 1831; succeeded his late brother 1910; died 1912. Birmingham Daily Mail, 18 Nov. 1912, obituary notice. Woodlands Vale was his Isle of Wight home.

166 Waterhouse, Birmingham and Midland Institute, pp. 183–4.

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