Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-ndw9j Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-14T16:27:55.272Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Issues in the Management of Resistant Bacteria in Long-Term–Care Facilities

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2015

Suzanne F. Bradley
Suzanne F. Bradley*
Affiliation:
Divisions of Geriatric Medicine and Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Veterans' Affairs Health Systems, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
*
GRECC UG, Veterans'Affairs Health Systems, 2215 Fuller Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the long-term–care setting and the risk to nursing home residents is still unknown. Few studies have been done in community-based nursing homes, and most have focused on colonization rather than infection rates. Concerns about methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant enterococci have been expressed most often, while relatively scant attention has been paid to the problem of antibiotic resistance in gram-negative bacilli. Antibiotic resistance precautions need to be developed for nursing homes that are simple, effective, inexpensive, and recognize the unique rehabilitative and long-term custodial missions of chronic-care facilities.

Type
Topics in Long-Term Care
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 20 , Issue 5 , May 1999 , pp. 362 - 366
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America 1999

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1. Smith, PW, Rusnak, PG. Infection prevention and control in the long-term-care facility. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1997;18:831–849.Google Scholar
2. Strausbaugh, LJ, Crossley, KB, Nurse, BA, Thrupp, LD, SHEA Long-Term-Care Committee. Antimicrobial resistance in long-term-care facilities. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1996;17:129–140.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
3. Yoshikawa, TT. VRE, MRSA PRP, and DRGNB in LTCF: lessons to be learned from this alphabet. J Am Geriatr Soc 1998;46:241–243.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
4. Bradley, SF. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in nursing homes: epidemiology, prevention, and management. Drugs and Aging 1997;10:185–198.Google Scholar
5. Chenoweth, CE, Bradley, SF, Terpenning, MS, Zarins, LT, Ramsey, MA Schaberg, DR, et al. Colonization and transmission of high-level gentam-icin-resistant enterococci in a long-term care facility. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1994;15:703–709.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
6. Zervos, MJ, Terpenning, MS, Schaberg, DR, Therasse, PM, Mendendorp, SV, Kauffman, CA. High-level aminoglycoside-resistant enterococci: colonization of nursing home and acute care hospital patients. Arch Intern Med 1987;147:1591–1594.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
7. Gordts, B, Van Landuyt, H, leven, M, Vandamme, P, Goossens, H. Vancomycin-resistant enterococci colonizing the intestinal tracts of hospitalized patients. J Clin Microbiol 1995;33:2842–2846.Google Scholar
8. Bonilla, HF, Zervos, MA Lyons, MJ, Bradley, SF, Hedderwick, SA Ramsey, MA et al. Colonization with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium: comparison of a long-term care unit with an acute-care hospital Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1997;18:333–339.Google ScholarPubMed
9. Nuorti, JP, Butler, JC, Crutcher, JM, Guevara, R, Welch, D, Holder, P, et al. An outbreak of multidrug-resistant pneumococcal pneumonia and bacteremia among unvaccinated nursing home residents. N Engl J Med 1998;338:1861–1868.Google Scholar
10. Mannheimer, SB, Riley, LW, Roberts, RB. Association of penicillin-resistant pneumococci with residence in a pediatric chronic care facility. J Infect Dis 1996;174:513–519.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11. Leistevuo, T, Toivonen, P, Osterblad, M, Kuistila, M, Kahara, A, Lehtonen, A, et al. Problem of antimicrobial resistance of fecal aerobic gram-negative bacilli in the elderly. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1996;40:2399–2403.Google Scholar
12. Wingard, E, Shlaes, JH, Mortimer, FA, Shlaes, DM. Colonization and cross-colonization of nursing home patients with trimethoprim-resistant gram-negative bacilli. Clin Infect Dis 1993;16:75–81.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
13. MacArthur, RD, Lehman, MH, Currie-McCumber, CA, Shlaes, DM. The epidemiology of gentamicin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa on an intermediate care unit. Am J Epidemiol 1988;128:821–827.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14. Shlaes, DM, Lehman, M-H, Currie-McCumber, CA Kim, CH, Floyd, R. Prevalence of colonization with antibiotic resistant gram-negative bacilli in a nursing home care unit: the importance of cross-colonization as documented by plasmid analysis. Infect Control 1986;7:538–545.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15. Terpenning, MS, Bradley, SF, Wan, JY, Chenoweth, CE, Jorgensen, KA, Kauffman, CA. Colonization and infection with antibiotic-resistant bacteria in a long-term care facility. J Am Geriatr Soc 1994;42:1062–1069.Google Scholar
16. Bradley, SF, Terpenning, MS, Ramsey, MA Zarins, LT, Jorgensen, KA Sottile, WS, et al. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: colonization and infection in a long-term care facility. Ann Intern Med 1991;115:417422.Google Scholar
17. Bjork, DT, Pelletier, LL, Tight, RR Urinary tract infections with antibiotic resistant organisms in catheterized nursing home patients. Infect Control 1984;5:173–176.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
18. Gaynes, RP, Weinstein, RA, Chamberlain, W, Kabins, SA. Antibiotic-resistant flora in nursing home patients admitted to the hospital. Arch Intern Med 1985;145:1804–1807.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
19. Weinstein, RA Nathan, C, Gruensfelder, R, Kabins, SA. Endemic aminoglycoside resistance in gram-negative bacilli: epidemiology and mechanisms. J Infed Dis 1980;141:338–345.Google Scholar
20. Weinstein, RA Resistant bacteria and infection control in nursing home and hospital. Bull N Y Acad Med 1987;63:337–344.Google ScholarPubMed
21. Brennen, C, Wagener, MM, Muder, RR. Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium in a long-term care facility. J Am Geriatr Soc 1998;46:157–160.Google Scholar
22. Schoonmaker, DJ, Bopp, LH, Baltch, AL, Smith, RP, Rafferty, ME, George, M. Genetic analysis of multiple vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus isolates obtained serially from two long-term care patients. J Clin Microbiol 1998;36:2105–2108.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
23. Sanford, MD, Widmer, AF, Bale, MJ, Jones, RN, Wenzel, RR Efficient detection and long-term persistence of the carriage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus . Clin Infed Dis 1994;19:1123–1128.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
24. Fraise, AP, Mitchell, K, O'Brien, SJ, Oldfield, K, Wise, R. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in nursing homes in a major UK city: an anonymized point prevalence survey. Epidemiol Infect 1997;118:1–5.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
25. Hsu, CCS. Serial survey of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage among residents in a nursing home. Infed Control Hosp Epidemiol 1991;12:416421.Google ScholarPubMed
26. Huovinen, P. Trimethoprim-resistant Escherichia coli in a geriatric hospital. J Infect 1984;8:145–148.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
27. Flournoy, DJ. Antimicrobial susceptibilities of bacteria from nursing home residents in Oklahoma. Gerontology 1994;40:53–56.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
28. Muder, RR, Brennen, C, Wagener, MM, Vickers, RM, Rihs, JD, Hancock, GA, et al. Mefticillin-resistant staphylococcal colonization and infection in a long-term care unit. Ann Intern Med 1991;114:107–112.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
29. Mulhausen, PL, Harreil, LJ, Weinberger, M, Kochersberger, GG, Feusser, JR. Contrasting methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization in Veterans' Affairs and community nursing homes. Am J Med 1996;100:24–31.Google Scholar
30. Spindel, SJ, Strausbaugh, LJ, Jacobsen, C. Infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus in a Veterans' Affairs nursing home care unit: a 5-year experience. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1995;16:217–223.Google Scholar
31. Aeilts, GD, Sapico, FL, Canawati, HN, Malik, GM, Montgomerie, JZ, et al. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization and infection in a rehabilitation facility. J Clin Microbiol 1982;16:218–223.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
32. Storch, GA Radcliff, JL, Meyer, PL, Hinricks, JH, et al. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a nursing home. Infed Control 1987;8: 24–29.Google Scholar
33. Haglund, LA Istre, GR, Pickett, DA Welch, DF, Fine, DR the Pneumococcus study group. Invasive pneumococcal disease in central Oklahoma: emergence of high-level penicillin resistance and multiple antibiotic resistance. J Infect Dis 1993;168:1532–1436.Google Scholar
34. Plouffe, JF, Breiman, RF, Facklam, RR, Franklin County Pneumonia Study Group. Bacteremia with Streptococcus pneumoniae: implications for therapy and prevention. JAMA 1996;275:194–198.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
35. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Outbreaks of pneumococcal pneumonia among unvaccinated residents in chronic-care facilities— Massachusetts, October 1995, Oklahoma, February 1996, and Maryland, May-June 1996. MMWR 1997;46:60–62.Google Scholar
36. Muder, RR, Brennen, C, Drennings, SD, Stout, JE, Wagener, MM. Multiply antibiotic-resistant gram-negative bacilli in a long-term-care facility: a case-control study of patient risk factors and prior antibiotic use. Infed Control Hosp Epidemiol 1997;18:809–813.Google Scholar
37. Canawati, HN, El-Farra, R, Seymour, J, Shimashita, J, Dunn, D, Montgomerie, JZ, et al. Ciprofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli emerging in a rehabilitation medical center. Diagn Microbiol Infed Dis 1997;29:133–138.Google Scholar
38. Rice, LB, Eckstein, EC, DeVente, J, Shlaes, DM. Ceftazidime-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates recovered at the Cleveland Department of Veterans' Affairs Medical Center. Clin Infect Dis 1996;23:118–124.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
39. Patterson, JE, Madden, GM, Krisunas, EP, Masecar, B, Hierholzer, WJ, Zervos, MJ, et al. A nosocomial outbreak of ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae type b in a geriatric unit. J Infect Dis 1988;157:1002–1007.Google Scholar
40. Bradford, PA Urban, C, Jaiswal, A Mariano, N, Rasmussen, BA Projan, SJ, et al. SHV-7, a novel cefotaxime-hydrolyzing β-lactamase, identified in Escherichia coli isolates from hospitalized nursing home patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1995;39:899–905.Google Scholar
41. Rice, LB, Willey, SH, Papanicolaou, GA Medeiros, AA Eliopoulos, EM, Moellering, RC, et al. Outbreak of ceftazidime resistance caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamases at a Massachusetts chronic-care facility. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1990;34:2193–2199.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
42. Thomas, JC, Bridge, J, Waterman, S, Vogt, J, Kilman, L, Hancock, G. Transmission and control of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a skilled nursing facility. Infed Control Hosp Epidemiol 1989;10:106–110.Google Scholar
43. Boyce, JM, Jackson, MM, Pugliese, G, Batt, MD, Fleming, D, Garner, JS, et al. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA): a briefing for acute care hospitals and nursing facilities. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1994;15:105–115.Google Scholar
44. Crossley, K, the Long-Term-Care Committee of the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. Vancomycin-resistant enterococci in long-term care facilities. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1998;19:521–525.Google Scholar
45. Musher, DM. Pneumococcal outbreaks in nursing homes. N Engl J Med 1998;338:1915–1916.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
46. Kauffman, CA Terpenning, MS, He, X, Zarins, LT, Ramsey, M, Jorgensen, KA, et al. Attempts to eradicate methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from a long-term care facility with the use of mupirocin ointment Am J Med 1993;94:371–378.Google Scholar
47. Strausbaugh, LJ, Jacobson, C, Sewell, DL, Potter, S, Ward, TT. Antimicrobial therapy for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization in residents and staff of a Veterans' Affairs nursing home care unit Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1992;13:151–159.Google Scholar