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Adaptations to environmental extremes by multicellular organisms

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2007

Mohammed Riajul Islam  and
Dirk Schulze-Makuch
Mohammed Riajul Islam
Affiliation:
School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA e-mail: dirksm@wsu.edu
Dirk Schulze-Makuch
Affiliation:
School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA e-mail: dirksm@wsu.edu
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Abstract

Microbes, particularly Archaea, are well-known for their superb adaptation to extreme environments. However, amazing adaptations to extreme stresses do not only occur in microbes, but also in many multicellular organisms. Examples include tardigrades and their capability to survive freezing to near absolute zero, the Pompeii worm withstanding temperatures of up to 105°C, the Crucian carp remaining active in anoxic conditions for several months, and resurrection plants, which can survive near-complete desiccation. Here, we review some of the cryptobiotic strategies and adaptations exhibited in multicellular organisms, and point out their relevance to astrobiology.

Keywords

extremophilemulticellularextreme environmentcryptobiosishibernationanoxiccryobiosisthermobiosisanhydrobiosisadaptation
Type
Research Article
Information
International Journal of Astrobiology , Volume 6 , Issue 3 , July 2007 , pp. 199 - 215
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2007

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