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Biochemical and catalytic properties of two β-glycosidases purified from workers of the termite Macrotermes subhyalinus (Isoptera: Termitidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2007

Lucien Patrice Kouame ,
Françoise Akissi Kouame ,
Sebastien Lamine Niamke ,
Betty Meuwia Faulet  and
Alphonse Kamenan
Lucien Patrice Kouame*
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Biochimie et Technologie des Aliments de l'Université d'Abobo-Adjamé, 22 BP 1297, Abidjan, 22, Côte d'Ivoire
Françoise Akissi Kouame
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Biochimie et Technologie des Aliments de l'Université d'Abobo-Adjamé, 22 BP 1297, Abidjan, 22, Côte d'Ivoire
Sebastien Lamine Niamke
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Université de Cocody, 22 BP 582, Abidjan, 22, Côte d'Ivoire
Betty Meuwia Faulet
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Biochimie et Technologie des Aliments de l'Université d'Abobo-Adjamé, 22 BP 1297, Abidjan, 22, Côte d'Ivoire
Alphonse Kamenan
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Biochimie et Technologie des Aliments de l'Université d'Abobo-Adjamé, 22 BP 1297, Abidjan, 22, Côte d'Ivoire
*
*Email: kouame_patrice@yahoo.fr
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Abstract

Two β-glycosidases were purified from the termite Macrotermes subhyalinus (Rambur) workers by chromatography on gel filtration, ion exchange and hydrophobic interaction columns. The preparations were shown to be homogeneous on polyacrylamide gel. Both enzymes have a similar molecular mass (68 KDa) and optimum pH (5.4) but differ in optimal temperature and thermal stability. The β-glycosidases preferred β-fucosides to β-glucosides, β-galactosides and β-xylosides, and hydrolysed glucose-glucose-β-(1–4) linkages better than β-(1–3), β-(1–2) and β-(1–6) linkages. They did not hydrolyse saccharides such as melibiose, sucrose, lactose, xylobiose, melizitose, stachyose, lactose, raffinose, laminarin, arabinogalactan, carboxymethylcellulose, inulin, lichenan and starch. β-Glycosidase A and β-glycosidase B of M. subhyalinus workers are capable of catalysing transglucosylation reactions. The yields of glucosylation of hydroxyamino acid derivatives and phenylethanol, catalysed by the two enzymes in the presence of cellobiose as glucosyl donor, were lower than those reported previously with conventional sources of β-glycosidases. In addition, the optimum pH is different for the hydrolysis and transglucosylation reactions. On the basis of this work, it is proposed that the physiological role of β-glycosidase A and β-glycosidase B of M. subhyalinus workers is the digestion of di- and oligosaccharides derived from hemicelluloses and celluloses.

Keywords

β-fucosidaseβ-glucosidaseβ-glycosidaseMacrotermes subhyalinusMacrotermitidae, termitesTermitidae
Type
Research Article
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 25 , Issue 2 , June 2005 , pp. 103 - 113
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 2005

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