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Effects of plant extracts and oil emulsions on the maize cob borer Mussidia nigrivenella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in laboratory and field experiments

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 December 2009

Komi Agboka ,
Agbodzavu K. Mawufe ,
Manuele Tamò  and
Stefan Vidal
Komi Agboka*
Affiliation:
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, 08 BP 0932, Tripostal, Cotonou, Republic of Benin Georg-August-University Goettingen, Agricultural Entomology, Grisebachstrasse 6, 37077Goettingen, Germany
Agbodzavu K. Mawufe
Affiliation:
University of Lomé, Ecole Supérieure d'Agronomie, BP 1515, Lomé, Togo
Manuele Tamò
Affiliation:
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, 08 BP 0932, Tripostal, Cotonou, Republic of Benin
Stefan Vidal
Affiliation:
Georg-August-University Goettingen, Agricultural Entomology, Grisebachstrasse 6, 37077Goettingen, Germany
*
*E-mail: k.agboka@cgiar.org
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Abstract

Aqueous extracts of Tephrosia vogelii and Hyptis suaveolens, and of oils of Azadirachta indica and Jatropha curcas, as well as the pesticide Furadan 5G were evaluated for their insecticidal activity against the maize cob borer Mussidia nigrivenella Ragonot in laboratory and field experiments. In general, treated plants had a strong deterrent effect on ovipositing M. nigrivenella. The oviposition deterrence index was highest with neem oil at both concentrations, J. curcas at 5% and H. suaveolens at 20%. In addition, neem and Jatropha oils adversely affected egg hatch; it decreased with an increase in concentrations of oil emulsions and varied between 3 and 25.5% for neem and 6 and 16% for J. curcas. The lethal concentration 50 values calculated were 1.3 and 0.8%, respectively, for neem and J. curcas. By contrast, larval survival was not affected by the oil treatments. In the field, Furadan, neem and J. curcas oils significantly reduced the number of M. nigrivenella larvae by 16–49.2%, while aqueous extracts of T. vogelii and H. suaveolens were similar to the emulsified water control. The treatments did not significantly influence cob weight, and only neem oil at both concentrations and Furadan significantly reduced cob damage and consequently grain losses. These results showed that oil emulsions of A. indica and J. curcas oils act not only as an oviposition deterrent but also as ovicides. The prospects for possible inclusion of botanicals into integrated M. nigrivenella control in maize cropping systems are discussed.

Keywords

aqueous extractsAzadirachta indicabotanicalsintegrated pest managementJatropha curcasoviposition
Type
Research Paper
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 29 , Issue 4 , December 2009 , pp. 185 - 194
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 2009

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