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Factors of resistance in sorghum against Sitotroga cerealella (Oliv.) and Sitophilus oryzae (L.)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

Lawrence E. Wongo
Lawrence E. Wongo
Affiliation:
Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
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Abstract

The structural components and physical characteristics of sorghum kernels were studied as factors of resistance against Sitotroga cerealella (Oliv.) and Sitophilus oryzae (L.). Specifically, the effects of kernel glumes, weight, size and hardness on larval entry site, oviposition site, emergence site, progeny production, and kernel damage and weight loss, were investigated. The larvae of S. cerealella entered kernels primarily in the germ end and its periphery. Females of S. oryzae oviposited eggsmainly in the endosperm portion of kernels. Larval entry into kernels, and subsequent development of S. cerealella was enhanced in kernels that were enclosed by glumes. In addition, S. cerealella caused greater damage and weight loss in kernels with glumes. In contrast, kernels with glumes yielded less adult progeny of S. oryzae, and sustained less kernel damage and weight loss. The emergence holes of S. cerealella were located mainly in the crown end, whereas those of S. oryzae were mostly in the endosperm portion of kernels. The heavier and larger kernels produced heavier and larger adult progeny of both species of insect.

Résumé

Les composants de structure et les caractéristiques physiques des grains de sorgho étaient étud ies comme facteurs de résistance contre Sitotroga cerealella (Oliv.) et Sitophilus oryzae (L.). Spécifiquement, on a examiné les effets des glumesdu grain, du poids du grain, de la grandeur du grain et de sa dureté sur l'endroit d'entrée de la larve, de l'endroit de la ponte, de l'opercule de sortie, de la production de progéniture, des dégâts au grain et du perte de poids du grain. Les larves de S. cerealella sont entrées dans les grains surtout près du germe et sa périphérie. Les femelles de S. oryzae ont pondu les oeufs surtout près de l'endosperme des grains. L'entrée des larves dans les grains et le développement ultérieur de S. cerealella étaient améliorés dans les grains renfermés dansdes glumes. En outre, S. cerealella a provoqué des dégâts et despertes de poids plus importants dans les grains avec glumes. Par contraste, les grains avec glumes donnaient moins de progénitures adultes de S. oryzae, et ont subi moins de dégâts et de perte de poids. Les opercules de S. cerealella se trouvaient surtout au sommet du grain, tandis que celles de S. oryzae se trouvaient dans l'endosperme des grains. Les grains plus lourds et plus grands ont produit des adultes plus lourds et plus grands dans les deux especes d'insectes.

Keywords

Sorghumresistancestored-grain insectsglumesgermendospermkernel hardnessSorghoresistanceinsectes de grains stockesglumesgermeendospermedurete des grains
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 11 , Issue 2 , April 1990 , pp. 179 - 188
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1990

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