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Host plant-based variation in fitness traits and major detoxifying enzymes activity in Scirtothrips dorsalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), an emerging sucking pest of tea

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 June 2016

Dhiraj Saha
Dhiraj Saha*
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, University of North Bengal, RajaRammohunpur, Siliguri-734013, District - Darjeeling, West Bengal, India
*
*E-mails: dhirajsaha_nbu@rediffmail.com; dhirajsaha.nbu@gmail.com; dhirajento.nbu@gmail.com
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Abstract

Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood is a polyphagous species and an important sucking pest of tea (Camellia sinensis) (Theaceae). The fitness traits of S. dorsalis on two alternative host plants: Capsicum annuum L. (chilli) (Solanaceae) and Ricinus communis (castor oil plant) (Euphorbiaceae) and on C. sinensis and corresponding levels of defence enzymes was studied. The study revealed that C. sinensis is the more suitable host of S. dorsalis based on faster development (13.6 days) compared to the alternative hosts, C. annuum (15.5 days) and R. communis (16.7 days), a higher fecundity (C. sinensis: 11.4 eggs; C. annuum: 9.7 eggs; R. communis: 8.6 eggs), and superior egg hatchability (C. sinensis, 92.6%; C. annuum: 82.5%; and R. communis: 74.6%). The host-based variation in the fitness traits of S. dorsalis corroborated in light of differential activity of three major detoxifying enzymes, such as the general esterases (GEs), glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), and cytochrome P450 mediated monooxygenases (CYPs). Densitometric analysis of GEs showed five esterase isozymes (EST I–V) with retardation factor (Rf) values of 0.17, 0.22, 0.27, 0.35 and 0.52, respectively. The pixel density, and accordingly the profile height, varied in different host-specific S. dorsalis. A significant variation of the quantity of these enzymes was also apparent in the insect when reared on the three hosts. A 2.4 and 2.7, 1.6 and 2.0, and 2.0 and 2.3-fold higher GEs, GSTs and CYPs activity on the two non-tea hosts possibly signify a predisposition of the species for higher tolerance to insecticides, enabling the pest to switch to tea where synthetic insecticides are routinely used.

Keywords

Scirtothrips dorsalistea pestalternative hostfitness traitsdetoxifying enzymesgeneral esterasesglutathione S-transferasecytochrome P450 monooxygenaseCamellia sinensisCapsicum annuum, Ricinus communis
Type
Research Paper
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 36 , Issue 3 , September 2016 , pp. 106 - 118
Copyright
Copyright © icipe 2016 

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