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Metarhizium sp. isolated from dead Pachnoda interrupta (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) as a potential entomopathogenic fungus for the pest insect: proof-of-concept for autodissemination

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 February 2016

Merid N. Getahun ,
Tibebe D. Biasazin ,
Yitbarek Wolde-Hawariat ,
Jonas M. Bengtsson ,
Ylva Hillbur  and
Emiru Seyoum
Merid N. Getahun*
Affiliation:
Department of Zoological Sciences, Addis Ababa University, PO Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Department of Evolutionary Neuroethology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans Knöll Strasse 8, D-07745Jena, Germany
Tibebe D. Biasazin
Affiliation:
Department of Zoological Sciences, Addis Ababa University, PO Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Division of Chemical Ecology, Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 102, SE-23053Alnarp, Sweden
Yitbarek Wolde-Hawariat
Affiliation:
Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, PO Box 16417, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Jonas M. Bengtsson
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, SE-10691Stockholm, Sweden
Ylva Hillbur
Affiliation:
Division of Chemical Ecology, Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 102, SE-23053Alnarp, Sweden International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria
Emiru Seyoum
Affiliation:
Department of Zoological Sciences, Addis Ababa University, PO Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
*
*E-mail: merid.negash@yahoo.com
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Abstract

Sustainable pest management requires the use of ecosystem-friendly control options (e.g. entomopathogens) coupled with target-specific application methods. Here we investigate the susceptibility of the sorghum chafer (Pachnoda interrupta, Olivier) to Metarhizium sp., isolated from dead P. interrupta under field conditions over several years. Target-specific trapping was achieved using Japanese beetle traps or locally made autoinoculation devices, with methyl salicylate or banana as an attractant. Of the attracted and infected beetles, 49% mortality was achieved during October 2005 and 71% during July 2006, while the corresponding mortality in control treatments was 13 and 5%, respectively. We further confirmed that the mortality of the beetles was due to the fungal treatment as 50 and 80% of the dead beetles showed mycosis, respectively. The performance of the pathogen was also investigated in an autodissemination device in 2008 and 2009, where the beetles that were attracted passed through an inoculation chamber. Of the attracted and infected beetles in the autodissemination device, 58.5% (October) and 90.9% (July) were dead within 15 days after treatment. Control mortality was only 3 and 2%, respectively. The potential for horizontal transmission was investigated, where 47% (October) and 59% (July) of the beetles exposed to the pathogen through horizontal transmission were killed. The pathogen was found to be viable for more than 3 days in the field. Our results show that Metarhizium sp. has potential as a biological control agent, and for achieving autodissemination using the target pest as the vector.

Keywords

Pachnoda interruptaentomopathogenic fungiattractantautodisseminationEthiopia
Type
Research Papers
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 36 , Issue 1 , March 2016 , pp. 1 - 9
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 2016 

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