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The role of gamma irradiation in tolerance of the confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum (Duv.) to some insecticides

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

Kamelia A. Abdel-Salam ,
Mohamed A. El-Deeb  and
A. A. El-Fishawi
Kamelia A. Abdel-Salam
Affiliation:
Atomic Energy Authority, Nuclear Research Center, Radiobiology Department, Abo-Zaabal 13759, Egypt
Mohamed A. El-Deeb
Affiliation:
Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Egypt
A. A. El-Fishawi
Affiliation:
Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Egypt
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Abstract

Laboratory experiments were carried out to study the effect of irradiating T. confusum pupae on the susceptibility of their adults to four insecticides. Results indicate that gamma irradiation significantly decreased the tolerance of adults from pupae irradiated 1 and 2 days before eclosion to Duradin. On the contrary, malathion and formothion, belonging to the same chemical group, i.e. organophosphate, were similar in their toxicity to adults, showing that irradiation of pupae afforded some protection to adults from death. However, s. fenvalerate exhibited the same trend noticed for malathion and formothion where irradiation of pupae reduced its effectiveness to adults. In general, adults from pupae irradiated 1 and 2 days before eclosion were less tolerant to tested insecticides than those from pupae irradiated 3 days before eclosion. Studying of tolerance ratio of various insecticides revealed that at 24 hr post-treatment, the most obvious trend is that adults from irradiated pupae, 3 days before eclosion, showed a moderate level of tolerance to formothion (3.29-fold) and s. fenvalerate (3.62-fold), and high level of tolerance to malathion (16.30-fold). While all adults from irradiated pupae elucidated different levels of tolerance to malathion, formothion and s. fenvalerate, the effectiveness of Duradin on those adults was significantly enhanced. This means that the application of Duradin in combination with gamma radiation is more effective than their separate applications. The dissimilarity of adult responses to the insecticides may be attributed to the enzyme alterations, either quantitative or qualitative and are the key to these irradiation effects on toxicity of insecticides to insects.

Résumé

Quelques experiences ont été réalisées pour étudier l'effet des insecticides sur les adultes provenant des pupes de T. confusum irradiées. Le resultats indiquent que l'irradiation gamma réduit significativement la tolerance au duradin, des adultes issus de pupes irradiées 1 à 2 jours avant l'éclosion. Par contre, le malathion et le formothion, appartenant tous le deux au même groupe chimique, c'est-à-dire les organophosphates, étaient identiques dans leur toxicité aux adultes, montrant que l'irradiation des pupes apportait une certaine protection contre la most.

D'une certaine façon — s. fenvalerate montrait la même tendance notée pour le malathion et le formothion ou l'irradiation, des pupes reduisait leur efficacité sur les adultes. En général, les adultes de pupes irradiées un ou 2 jours avant l'eclosion étaient moins tolerants aux insecticides testés que ceux des pupes irradiées 3 jours avant l'eclosion. L'étude du taux de tolerance des insectes variés révèle que 24 hr après le traitement, la tendance lu plus evidente est que les adultes des pupes irradiées 3 jours avant l'eclosion, montraient un niveau modéré de tolerance à l'egard du formothion (3.29 fois) et du s. fenvalerate (3.62 fois) et un haut degré de tolerance au malathion. Tandis que tous les adultes des pupes irradiées montraient différents niveaux de tolérance au malathion, formothion et s. fenvalerate, l'efficacité du Duradin sur ces adultes était significativement augmentée. Ceci signifie que l'application du Duradin en combinaison avec l'irradiation gamma est plus efficace que leur application séparées. Cette dissemblance de la réponse des adultes aux insecticides peut être attribuée aux alterations des enzymes, quantitatives ou qualitatives, qui sont la clef de ces effets d'irradiation sur la toxicité des insecticides aux insectes.

Keywords

Gamma radiationcombination of irradiationinsecticidesTribolium confusumstored insect product
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 13 , Issue 1 , February 1992 , pp. 105 - 111
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1992

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