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Identifying factors of activities of daily living important for cost and caregiver outcomes in Alzheimer's disease

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 August 2015

Catherine Reed ,
Mark Belger ,
Bruno Vellas ,
Jeffrey Scott Andrews ,
Josep M. Argimon ,
Giuseppe Bruno ,
Richard Dodel ,
Roy W. Jones ,
Anders Wimo  and
Josep Maria Haro
Catherine Reed*
Affiliation:
Global Health Outcomes, Lilly Research Centre, Eli Lilly and Company Limited, Windlesham, Surrey, UK
Mark Belger
Affiliation:
Global Health Outcomes, Lilly Research Centre, Eli Lilly and Company Limited, Windlesham, Surrey, UK
Bruno Vellas
Affiliation:
Gerontopole, Alzheimer's Disease Research and Clinical Center, INSERM 1027, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
Jeffrey Scott Andrews
Affiliation:
Health Outcomes Research, Eli Lilly and Company Limited, Indianapolis, IN, USA
Josep M. Argimon
Affiliation:
Divisió d’avaluació, Servei Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
Giuseppe Bruno
Affiliation:
Clinica della Memoria, Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
Richard Dodel
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany
Roy W. Jones
Affiliation:
The Research Institute for the Care of Older People (RICE), The RICE Centre, Royal United Hospital, Bath, UK
Anders Wimo
Affiliation:
Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
Josep Maria Haro
Affiliation:
Parc Santari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: Dr Catherine Reed, PhD, Global Health Outcomes, Eli Lilly and Company, Erl Wood Manor, Sunninghill Road, Windlesham, Surrey GU20 6PH, UK. Phone: +44-1276-483243; Fax: +44-1276-483192. Email: reed_catherine@lilly.com.
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Abstract

Background:

We aimed to obtain a better understanding of how different aspects of patient functioning affect key cost and caregiver outcomes in Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Methods:

Baseline data from a prospective observational study of community-living AD patients (GERAS) were used. Functioning was assessed using the Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study – Activities of Daily Living Scale. Generalized linear models were conducted to analyze the relationship between scores for total activities of daily living (ADL), basic ADL (BADL), instrumental ADL (IADL), ADL subdomains (confirmed through factor analysis) and individual ADL questions, and total societal costs, patient healthcare and social care costs, total and supervision caregiver time, and caregiver burden.

Results:

Four distinct ADL subdomains were confirmed: basic activities, domestic/household activities, communication, and outside activities. Higher total societal costs were associated with impairments in all aspects of ADL, including all subdomains; patient costs were associated with total ADL and BADL, and basic activities subdomain scores. Both total and supervision caregiver hours were associated with total ADL and IADL scores, and domestic/household and outside activities subdomain scores (greater hours associated with greater functional impairments). There was no association between caregiver burden and BADL or basic activities subdomain scores. The relationship between total ADL, IADL, and the outside activities subdomain and outcomes differed between patients with mild and moderate-to-severe AD.

Conclusions:

Identification of ADL subdomains may lead to a better understanding of the association between patient function and costs and caregiver outcomes at different stages of AD, in particular the outside activities subdomain within mild AD.

Keywords

activities of daily living (ADL)ADCS-ADLAlzheimer’s diseasecaregiver burdencostsfunctionsupervision time
Type
Research Article
Information
International Psychogeriatrics , Volume 28 , Issue 2 , February 2016 , pp. 247 - 259
Copyright
Copyright © International Psychogeriatric Association 2015 

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