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The influence of sense of coherence and mindfulness on PTSD symptoms and posttraumatic cognitions in a sample of elderly Austrian survivors of World War II

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 September 2015

Tobias M. Glück ,
Ulrich S. Tran ,
Simone Raninger  and
Brigitte Lueger-Schuster
Tobias M. Glück*
Affiliation:
Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Liebiggasse 5, Vienna, Austria
Ulrich S. Tran
Affiliation:
Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Liebiggasse 5, Vienna, Austria
Simone Raninger
Affiliation:
Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Liebiggasse 5, Vienna, Austria
Brigitte Lueger-Schuster
Affiliation:
Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Liebiggasse 5, Vienna, Austria
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Liebiggasse 5, 1010-Vienna, Austria. Phone: +43-1-4277-47221. Email: tobias.glueck@univie.ac.at.
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Abstract

Background:

Sense of Coherence (SOC) and mindfulness are known protective factors against psychopathology, also in older age. We set out to investigate the influence of SOC and mindfulness on posttraumatic symptoms and cognitions in the context of lifetime trauma in elderly persons with a history of childhood war-experiences.

Methods:

Elderly Austrians (N = 97) filled in questionnaires on traumatic lifetime experiences and posttraumatic symptoms (ETI), posttraumatic cognitions (PTCI), SOC (SOC-13) and mindfulness (FFMQ). We expected the influence of SOC scores on posttraumatic symptoms and cognitions to be on one hand influenced by mindfulness. On the other hand, we expected that both aspects would uniquely explain fewer posttraumatic symptoms and cognitions.

Results:

Participants reported various lifetime traumas (M = 2.42), including experiences during World War II (WWII) as children and adolescents. Mindfulness partially mediated the association of SOC scores with posttraumatic cognitions, but not with posttraumatic symptoms. However, in a two-stage mediation model, mindfulness significantly predicted posttraumatic symptoms via its effects on posttraumatic cognitions.

Conclusion:

Although SOC was the strongest predictor of posttraumatic symptoms, mindfulness influenced the severity of posttraumatic symptoms via its effects on posttraumatic cognitions. We discuss implications for mindfulness-based interventions on trauma-related cognitions in the elderly.

Keywords

resiliencecopingwar-related traumachildhood traumaadaptationmediation modelFFMQ
Type
Research Article
Information
International Psychogeriatrics , Volume 28 , Issue 3 , March 2016 , pp. 435 - 441
Copyright
Copyright © International Psychogeriatric Association 2015 

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